《系统解剖学7年制》脉管系统.doc

?系统解剖学7年制?脉管系统 Similar functions for right and left atriventricular valves Open during diastole to allow blood to enter ventricles from atria Closed during systole to prevent regurgitation of blood into atria 二、血管吻合Vascular anastomosis * 脉管系统 Circulatory System The circulatory system includes cardiovascular system and lymphatic system. They form a tubular system which, with limited exception, is closes and lines throughout with endothelium. Angiology The main function served by the circulatory system is transporting materials. The cardivasculay system consists of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries. It is filled with blood. 心血管系统 Cardiovascular System Introduction 心血管系统 Heart 心 Artery 动脉 Capillary 毛细血管 Vein 静脉 一、组成 Heart 心 is dynamic organ of the cardiovascular system. A muscle pump to maintain the flow of blood 位于中纵隔内，2/3居于正中线左侧，1/3居于右侧 consists of four chambers right and left atria, right and left ventricles . The upper chambers, called the atria, have thin walls and receive blood returning to the heart. The lower chambers, the ventricles, force the blood out of the heart and into the arteries. 血 流 方 向 心脏的节律性收缩依赖于心传导系 窦房结 房室结 房室束 右束支 左束支 心的血管：动脉Coronary Artery 心包 Pericardium 纤维心包 Fibrous pericardium 浆膜心包 Serous pericardium 心包腔 Pericardial cavity Potential space between visceral and parietal pericardium Contains film of pericardium fluid 动脉Artery The arteries are the vessels that carry the blood away from the heart. The arteries increase in mumber by repeated division and also decrease in diameter. 静脉Veins The veins transport blood from capillary networks to the heart. Collective capillaries form small veins. They run towards the heart, receive tributaries one after another, and consequently as a result their vessels widen in diameter. microscopic vessels, the area of exchange between blood and tissue fluid 毛细血管Capillary 淋巴系统 Lymphatic System The lymphatic system is an accessory system of the cardiovascular system. While the blood is passing through the blood capillaries, certain fluid elements filter through the walls of the capillaries into the tissue spaces and become the tissue fluid. 组成 淋巴管道 淋巴器官 淋巴组织 毛细淋巴管 淋巴管 淋巴干 淋巴导管 淋巴结 脾 胸腺 分布于消化道和呼吸道的粘膜内 功能 协助体液回流 免疫功能 Introduction Lymphatic capillary Lymphatic vessels *