从高考试题看名词性从句1.doc

从高考试题看名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在高考中，不管在单项选择，还是完形阅读中，名词性从句都是重点和热点问题。高考常从连接词的选择、语序、语气等方面来考查。为帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法项目，现将最近几年的有关名词性从句的高考试题进行了分类整理,并加以分析,同时又加注了各种名词性从句的基本特点,希望能为同学们掌握好名词性从句的用法提供一些帮助一名词性从句的语序1陈述句语序。与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用自然语序，即使在疑问句中，从句也不倒装（而在主句上倒装）。【例题1】I just wonder_ that makes him so excited. (2006山东卷) A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 解析：选D。这是动词wonder后面用what引导的宾语从句。句中It is that 是强调句式，what在宾语从句中做主语，语序用陈述语序。 2当主语是第一人称时，将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。【例题2】Mrs Black doesn't believe her son is able to design a digital camera, ? (2002上海卷) A. is he B. isnt he C. doesnt he D. does he 解析：选 D。本题要考查的是学生能否找出句子的主语。因为主语不是第一人称所以，这句句子不属于否定转移的范畴。Mrs Black doesnt believe是主语和谓语，而her son is是从句，所以反意疑问句应根据主句的主语和谓语来提出的。 3名词性从句中有插入语时，此时应注意从句仍然不倒装。【例题3】 Please remind me _ he said he was going . I may be in time to see him off. （2006全国卷I） A. where B. when C. how D. what 解析：选B. 这是由when引导的宾语丛句，其中he said看成是插入语，宾语从句的引导词应做状语。再根据后面的语境“我可以及时为他送行”可知，此处应指时间，故答案为B.【例题4】-What did your parents think about your decision? - They always let me do _ I think I should. （2006全国卷II） A. when B. that C. how D. what 解析：选D，I think是插入语, I should后面省略了do, do缺少宾语。所以，本题是由what引导宾语从句。二 名词性从句的连接词。1 What和that的区别。that引导名词性从句时只起连接词作用，本身无实际意义，在从句中不作任何成分； what引导名词性从句时本身有意义，即表示“什么”或“所的事物”（the thing（s） that），同时又在从句中担任一定的成分。【例题5】See the flags on top of the building? That was_ we did this morning. （06全国I）Awhen Bwhich Cwhere DWhat解析：选D本题考查名词从句作表语。根据名词从句的基本特点，该句中的动词谓语did须有宾语，又表示笼统意义，故选what，表示“所的”。 【例题6】_fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. （2002上海春季）AWhat BThat CThis DWhich 解析：选B这是含有一个主语从句的句子。因为主语从句句意完整,只缺一个引导词，所以要选that。这句话的意思是"国与国之间的时装差异可以从一个方面反映出其文化的差异"。答案为B。2Whether和if的区别。if和whether都可以用来引导名词性从句，但引导主语从句（位于句首时）、表语从句、同位语从句以及在介词之后引导宾语从句时要用whether，而不用if。【例题7】We havent settled the question of _it is necessary for him to study abroad. （2006江苏卷） A. if B. where C. whether D. that 解析：选C。本题考查介词的宾语从句的引导词。if不能引导介词后的宾语从句，故A项可排除；再由句子结构判断，此处不缺状语，故排除B项。由句意“他是否有必要去国外学习”可判定答案为C项。【例题8】_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. （1996全国）A. If            B. Whether         C. That            D. Where解析：选B。根据 depends on the weather这一信息可知，“我们明天去野营的事还未定”，故选用 whether。If 不可引导主语从句。C、D两项不合题意。3What和whatever、who和whoever等的区别。whoever引导名词性从句时相当于anyone who，those who。 whatever引导名词性从句时相当于anything that。试比较以下句子：Who broke the window is unknown不知道是谁打破了窗户。Whoever breaks the law will be punished凡是犯法者都要受到惩罚。Do what you like你爱干什么就干什么。Do whatever you like你爱干什么就干什么。（whatever比what语气强）【例题9】_ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（2006辽宁）AWhatBWhoCWhateverDWhoever解析：选A 本题考查名词性从句中连接代词的用法，what引导助于从句作主语，句意为：“是这家商店不同的是它提供了更多的私人服务。”联结词不指人，不能用who, whoever。同时没有无论什么等含义，故排除whatever。【例题10】 _makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. (2006辽宁卷) A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever解析: 选 A。解决该题的关键在于弄清从句的主要成分,再结合句意进行正确的判断.前面的从句是主语从句，主语从句中缺少主语，由句意可知，应由 what引导，故答案为A4Where、when、why的用法。Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。【例题11】 - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. - Is that _ you had a few days off ? ( NMET1999)A. why B. what C. when D. where 解析：选A。根据语境，甲说上周驱车去珠海观看航模展览。乙据此来询问甲这是否是请几天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C, D均与该题语境不符。根据上句提供的语境，下句应该问“那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗？”【例题12】Do you remember _ he came?Yes, I do, he came by car.A. How B. when C. that D. if解析：选A. 这是一句宾语从句。根据语境，回答的是乘小汽车这种方式来的，所以我们选用表示方式的副词how来引导宾语从句。5That的省略。引导宾语从句时，that通常可以省略，但引导主语、表语和同位语从句时，that不能省。【例题13】A warm thought suddenly came to me _I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday（2006安徽）Aif Bwhen Cthat Dwhich解析：选C。 that 引导同位语从句，做thought的同位语【例题14】One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. -2006上海卷 A. how B. why C. that D. when解析: 选C. 由句式结构可知,此处为引导表语从句的连词.由句式及句意可知,从句部分结构完整,意义明确,所以,该空格处应选择that.三名词性从句中的虚拟语气。1在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用 “should + 动词原形”形式，should 可省略。这样的动词有：一个“坚持”：insist；两个“命令”：order，command；三个“建议”：suggest，advise，propose；四个“要求”：ask，demand， request，require。【例题15】 be sent to work there? (02 上海卷) AWho do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should解析：选A。 do you suggest 是插入语，而who又在句子中做主语，另外在suggest后可理解为should已被省略，故而选A。而C不符合英语的表达习惯。2表语从句和同位语从句中 在表示“意愿、要求、命令、建议”等名词之后的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”形式，should 可省略。这类名词有：idea，proposal，suggestion，order，plan，decision，advice，desire，requirement等。例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening? 3主语从句中在“It is / was + 形容词 (或过去分词) + 主语从句” 的句型中, 从句中的动词形式不论人称和数, 都可以用“should + 动词原形”结构，should可省略。本句型中常用的形容词有：necessary，important，strange，natural，essential等；常用的过去分词通常是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词，例如suggested，ordered，demanded，required，requested，proposed，advised，decided等。【例题16】Dont you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is he has refused to. (05 江苏卷) A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not sent; what解析：选B。本题考查了以上所讲的知识点和表语从句。4在动词wish后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用过去式，表示与现在事实相反的一种愿望；用“had + 过去分词”，表示与过去事实相反的一种愿望或已经发生的一件遗憾事情；用“should / would / might / could + 动词原形”表示与将来事实相反或不可能实现的愿望。例如I wish that I had a car (now).I wished that he were sitting here (now).I wish that I had known that yesterday.I wish that you could/would have called yesterday.四名词性从句的其他重点。1介词后的名词性从句。【例题17】We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.（06江苏卷）AifBwhereCwhetherDthat解析：选C。 本题考察介词的宾语从句的用法。此处whether引导的宾语从句做介词of 的宾语，意为“是否”。2当宾语从句中含有复合句时的用法。【例题18】Mr. Hall understands that _ maths has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. （2003安徽春季）Aunless Bsince Calthough Dwhen 解析：选C。 该题考查连词在宾语从句中的用法.观察题干Mr. Hall understands是主句,其后有that引导的宾语从句,可将该句简化为: _maths has always been easy for him,it is not easy for the students.分析简化后的句子可知,maths has always been easy for him与it is not easy for the students之间含有转折关系,其他选项不合逻辑。名词性从句练习姓名_学号_1: They are teachers and dont realize _ to start and run a company. A. what takes it B. what they took C. what it takes D. what takes them 2: In order to encourage the workers to work hard, the manager decides to award _ produces the most in the factory. A. who B. whom C. whomever D. whoever 3: On stepping into the office, the girl was frightened to find that the whole office was fill with _ looked like tiny worms. A. that B. something C. what D. anything 4: _Tom was worried about seemed clearly to the whole family. A. That B. Which C. That D. How 5: The teacher usually graded the students on _they have done. A. that B. what C. which D. how 6: We never doubt _ our school team will win the match against No 3 Mid-school.A. whether B. that C. if D. what 7: _ we can find from the following, the number of students dropping out is going down. A. what B. it C. as D. what 8: Will you see to _ you brother is OK at home while we are out on work. A. this if B. it that C. it weather D. that weather 9: To those scientists, it still remains to be a question _ man can go back to the old days with time machine. A. if B. that C. how D. weather 10: When woken up, he found he was standing on _ seemed to be a small piece of rock.A. that B. what C. which D. it 11: In one word, the hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people. A. in which B. when C. which D. that 12: -What about your TEFL test? -I have answered all the questions, but not sure _I could get a high enough score. A. what B. if C. when D. why 13: The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely. A. when B. where C. which D. whose. 14: _the sports meet of our school is held is still not decided. A. What B. Where C. If D. That 15: Excuse me, _ would you like your tea, white or black? -With milk, please.A. whether B when C. What D. how 16: Finally we arrived at _ used to a battlefield. A. what B. where C. where there D. it 17: -It seems that he was succeeded at last in the USA. -But you can never imagine _A. what a hard life he has experienced. B. what he has experienced a hard life C. he has experienced what a hard life.D. what a hard life has he experienced 18: There is a common belief among them _rubbish can and should be put to good use. A. which B. if C. whether D. that 19: Human beings are different from animals _they can use language as a tool to communicate. A. in which B. in that C. for that D. for which 20: _ David says sound right to Helen. Thats why he has made up her mind to leave the matter to him _ happens.A. Whatever; whatever B. No matter what, whatever C. No matter what, no matter what D. Whatever; no matter what 21: _ sometimes keeps her awake all night _ Tom is getting more and more quiet at home. A. That; which B. It; that C. Whether; what D. What; that 22: In some countries, _ called “public schools” are not owned by the public. A. which B. as C. that D. what 23: -I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.-That was probably _ I was seeing the doctor. A. why B. what C. that D. when 24: Word comes _ some New Zealand guests will come to visit our school tomorrow. A. that B. which C. / D. about which 25: Dave lost his job and was short of money, so _his flat and move in with his brother. A. that he did was to sell B. what he did sell C. what he did sold D. what he did was to sell 26. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.A. whichever B. howeverC. whateverD. whenever27. The old tower must be saved, _ the cost. A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. wherever28. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped.A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that29. Is that the small town you often refer to?Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what30. Franks dream was to have his own shop to produce the workings of his own hands .A. that B. in which C. by which D. how  31. I was surprised by her words , which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made .A. what B. that C. how D. which 32. The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.A. which; where B. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which33. The way he did it was different we were used to .A. in whichB. in what C. from what D. from which 34. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A. thatB. whatC. asD. which35. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.     Awhy      Bwhat      Cwho      Dthat36. If a shop has chairs_ women can park their men , women will spend more time in the shop.A. that B. whichC. when D. where 37. He tried his best to solve the problem, _difficult it was. A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although38. The old ladys hand shook frequently . She explained to her doctor this shaking had begun half a year before , and ,only because of this , she had been forced to give up her job .A. when ; how B. how ; when C. how ; how D. why ; why