2014高考被动语态专项练习(共12页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Luna被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。如：He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态) The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如：Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。(一般过去时)Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)三、被动语态的用法：1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。2、 当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如：The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is belved to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有It is reported that据报道It is said that据说It is belved that大家相信It is suggested that有人建议四、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：(1)主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的，变为主动句时，通常删去"by"，但原主语被强调者除外。如：They set up this hospital in 1975. This hospital was set up in 1975.这所医院建于1975年。Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。(2)含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack.The truth was told (to) us by Jack.五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look, feel, smell等。下列动词没有被动式：happen，cost，take，haveAn accident was happened yesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。An accident happened yesterday.( )The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。六、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。2.一般过去时(was/ were+done) The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。5.现在完成时(have/ has been + done)Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。6.过去完成时(had been+done)They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。被动语态专项练习单项选择1. Good books _ again and again.A. should be readed B. should be readC. must read D. ought to read2. The children _ by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked afterC. were looked after D. looked3. He _ some pces of advice, but he _ to them.A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listenedC. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen4. When_ the accident _ ?A. was, happen B. did, happenC. is, happen D. was, happened5. The question _ by us soon.A. is going to discuss B. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed6. The lab _ about five years ago.A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built7. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up8. They _ printing 500 cops by the end of last month.A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished9. Rice _ also _ in their hometown.A. isgrown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown10. He _ by the teachers.A. is always praised B. praisesC. have been praised D. always is praised11. Great changes _ place. Many new schools_ .A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are openC. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened12. The picture_ in October, 1996.A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken13. We can't use the bridge now, because it_ .A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repair14. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing15. The war_ in 1941.A. broke out B. had been broken outC. was broken out D. had broken out16. When water_ , it will be changed into vapour.A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats17. We can't enter the room because its door_ .A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking18. They _day and night.A. are made work B. are made to workC. made to be worked D. are making to work19. Chang'an Road is _of people.A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled20. Man-made satellites _into space by many countrs.A. was sent up B. is sent upC. have been sent up D. has been sent up21. This English song _ often _ by the children.A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung22.The of our house _once a week.A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned23. When _ the People's Republic of China_ ?A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found24. Mary's radio _ by my brother just now.A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended25. Your exercise books _ after class.A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in26. Some trees may _ at other times of the year.A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted27. The sun _ at night as usual.A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see参考答案单项选择1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B被动语态专项训练：1. Ill be going to work on foot while my bicycle-.(a) is being repaired (b) is repaired (c) will repaired (d) has been repaired2. The radar sets-for a long time without any trouble. (a) have been running (b) have been run (c) have run (d) were running3. While the ice box-, a lot of defects were found. (a) was being examined (b) was examined (c) was examining (d) had been examined4. Do you remember-to Dr. Henry during your last visit? (a) to be introduced (b) being introduced （c）having introduced (d) to have introduced5. The book if worthy of-. (a) reading (b) read (c) having read (d) being read6. I dislike-while try to learn skiing. (a) being looked at (b) looking at (c) to look at (d) having looked at7. “Do you have any clothes-today?” my mother asked. (a) to wash (b)be washed (c) wash (d) to be washed8. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature-. (a) taking (b) to take (c) take (d) taken9. Let teachers words-. (a) being remembered (b) remembering (c) he remembered (d) remember10. He has come to-. (a) checked his blood pressure (b) having his blood pressure checked (c) have his blood pressure checked (d) have checked his blood pressureKeys:A A A B D A D D C C被动语态专项训练21)It is said that a new robot _by him in a few days. A) designedB) has been designed C) will be designedD) will have been designed 2)We are late. I expect the film _by the time we get to the cinema. A) will already have started B) would already have started C) shall have already started D) has already been started 3) She will stop showing off if no notice_ of her. A) is taken B) takesC) will be takenD) has taken 4) Diamond _in Brazil in 1971. A) is foundB) has been found C) was found D) had been found 5)“Have you movedsintosthe new flat?”“Not yet. The room_.” A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being painted 6) My pictures _until next Friday. A) won't develop B) aren't developed C) don't develop D) won' t be developed 7) Tim _since he lost his job three weeks ago. A) had been unemployedB) was unemployedC) has been unemployed D) has unemployed 8) A great number of colleges and universities _since 1949. A) has been establish B) have been established C) have established D) had been established 9) I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we _if we leave it here. A) would be fined B) will be fined C) will being fined D) will have been fined 10)“_two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?” A) They have been given B) I have been givenC) I am givenD) They have given to me 11) The subject of these lectures _by the lecture committee. A) is announced B) have been announced C) are announced D) has been announced 12) I found an aspirin bottle _dropped on the floor of David's room. A) wasB) hadC) had been D) is13)The goods _when we arrived at the airport. A) were just unloadingB) were just been unloading C) had just unloaded D) were just being unloaded 14) If one _by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance. A) overcomes B) is overcome C) has been overcome D) overcome 15) Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them _taken in the past. A) was not B) were notC) were not being D) had not been 16) You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now _sour. A) I smell B) it is smelt C) it smells D) it is smelling 17) After the race_, the celebration began. A) had been won B) is won C) will be won D)has been won 18) He was here for a little while, but I don't knowswhereshe _now. A) is B) was C) had been D) has been 19) The young teacher has _ competent. A) been proved to be B) proved to be C) been provedD) proved being 20) Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, _photographically in March 1930. A) discovered B) was discovered C) by discovery D) when discovered 21) To get a better view of the stage, _. A)our seats had to be changed B) our seats were changed C) we had to change our seats D) our seats were changed by us 22) After synthetic_, engineers had a better choice of material. A) created B) has created C) has been created D) had been created 23) I think much attention _your pronunciation. A) must be paid to B) ought to be paid to C) must pay to D) should be paid to 24) Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts _Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold. A) have taken B) have been taken C) have been taking D) have been taking 25) I don't remember _the chance to try this method. A)shavingsbeen given B) to have been given C)shavingsgiven D) to have given 26) We could ask someone to do the work privately without it_. A) know B) be known C) being known D) to be known 27) The construction of the laboratory _by the end of next month. A) must be completed B) must have been completed C) will be completing D) will have been completing 28) They would tell how the African _on a ship to an American port. A) was brought B) could have been brought C) had been brought D) was to be brought 29) He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses _to Peter. A) is belonged to B) belonged C) belongs D) is belonging 30) Negotiation _again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then. A) is to be opened B) is on the point of opening C) is going to open D) opens 31) The reason for all the changes being made _to us yet. A) has not explained B) has not been explained C) did not explained D) were not explained 32) Experiments in the photography of moving objects _in both the United States and Europe well before 1900. A) were conducting B)were conducted C) had been conducted D) had conducted 33) When he turned the corner, he found himself _by a man in black. A) tailed B) been tailed C) was tailed D) had been tailed 34) A candidate for the democratic presidential nomination _at this moment. A) is interviewing B) being interviewed C) is being interviewed D) interviewing 35) As we approached the work site, the workers were seen _the new house. A) building B) build C) built D) to build 36) As we know, all the regulations in school _. A) must keep to B) must be kept C) must keep D) must be kept up 37) The composition _any more. A) need not to be corrected B) doesn't need to be corrected C) doesn't need be corrected D) need not correct 38) The bank is reported in the local newspaper _in broad daylight yesterday A) to be robbed B) to have keen robbed C) robbed D)shavings been robbed 39) Hurry up, or the tickets _out by the time we get there. A) will have sold B) will sell C) have sold D) will have been sold 40) He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it _. A) was damaged B) should be damagedC) damaged D) would be damaged 被动语态部分练习题答案： 1)C 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)D 6)D 7)C 8)B 9)B 10)B11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)C 17)A 18)A 19)B20)B 21)C 22)D 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)C 27)A 28)C29)C 30)A 31)B 32)C 33)A 34)C 35)A 36)B 37)B38)B 39)D 40)B专心-专注-专业