2022年明道大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

2022年明道大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic （灾难性的） event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the world's people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Gloomy WorldB、World's Worst DisasterC、The Origin of The Second World WarD> The Time of The Second World War【正确答案】B【答案解析】disaster是catastrophic （灾难性的）event的另一种表达。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、 Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、Learning starts with the children's interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as "home-schoolers."【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳 定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容 是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第20题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/ However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、 Susan's daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第21题【单项选择题】【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights10 to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musical events. Once in Europe, you can stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So don't give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B、 The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C、The student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night.D、 The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是 很容易的。因此选择A。第22题【单项选择题】2008.10 JCountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called 'Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan". The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey11 through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwood's drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephen's book astonished the world because.A、 it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers.C、 he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D> it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案：Do第24题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C> The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接12着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第25题【单项选择题】阅读选择In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七工5板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others .We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is around four.C、 when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： "How did you live to be 100?"Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是“这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区”，文章开头局部提到了"community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。13第27题【单项选择题】Sickness often eating too much.A、as a result ofB> result ofC、result inD、result from【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查result的词组辨析。as a result of：由于的结果result in： 导致result from：由造成，因而产生第28题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受极度地不舒适。【试题 分析】此题考查短语辨析。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第29题【单项选择题】【I阅读芈U断】Finally, though a child's "teachers" may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teacher's close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received.14A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。文章讲虽然儿童习得母语的“教师可能没有受过专门的 语言教学的训练，但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密切的个人关系比教师接受专门的语言教学训练更重要。第30题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第31题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not （往往）,on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers （老前辈， 老人）,especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the "God" sometimes they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Hong Kong is worthy of its reputation as a business center of the world.15B、 It is uneasy to be offered smiles and services.C> Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of "TheCustomer is the God !"D、 Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段强调的是这里“顾客是上帝的这种理念和气氛。因此选择C。第32题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、 they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进彳亍了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第33题【单项选择题】Water is composed hydrogen and oxygen.A、ofB、withC、forD about16【正确答案】A【答案解析】be composed of：由组成。句意：水是由氢与氧化合而成的。第34题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are.A、science fictions with a recurrent themeB、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the futureC、read worldwideD、political implications【正确答案】c【答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许 多种语言，因此C选项是正确答案。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillary's campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说"Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度J 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选17承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第36题【单项选择题】2007.04）The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theliving room.A、thatB、itC> oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第37题【单项选择题】阅读选择In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others .We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is around four.C、 when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是Bo18第38题【单项选择题】阅读选择In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、 Greater probability of having other diseases.C、Differences in the biology of the cancer.D、 Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第39题【单项选择题】【概括大意】"Many of life's failures," the supreme innovator said, "are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up." Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、Edison'S comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第40题【单项选择题】19第3题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第4题【单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下， 搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第5题【单项选择题】阅读选择It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every2【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say "Hi" when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one person's behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is.A、 Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks.B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not.C、 The way of behaving that differs from country to country.D> In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正确答案】c【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主题。因此 选择C。第41题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track