国家开放大学计算机网络实验报告5.docx
实验名称路由器的配置实验报告实验目的：1 .理解路由器的工作原理及其作用，认识路由器的各种接口.理解静态路由的工作原理和应用环境，掌握配置静态路由的基本命令2 .理解动态路由协议RIP的原理和应用环境，掌握配置 RIP协议的基本命令.理解动态路由协议OSPF的基本特点和分组类型，掌握在路由器（三层交换机） 上配置OSPF协议的基本命令；3 .学会在路由器（三层交换机）上查看、分析路由表的方法，并学会通过分析路 由跟踪信息画出数据包转发路径的方法。实验条件:Packet tracer 5.0实验内容:、静态路由器的配置.画出结构图并配置两个PC的IP及掩码、网关RouRol;r-PT erORoutRouIT-24SchO2951Sw-24 hlPC-PTPCIPC-PTPCQ1 .为路由器的两个接口分配IP,注意：位于DCE端的路由器串口要配置时钟频率64000 ,并路由器端口要手动开启Router>enableRouteMconfigure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router (config)ftinterface FastEthernetO/0Router (config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernetO/O, changed state to up ip address 192. 168. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 0Router (config-if)#exitRouter (config)ftinterface Serial2/0Router (conf ig-if)#no shutdownRouter (config-if)#clock rate 64000Router (conf ig-if) #ip address 10. 0. 0. 1 255. 0. 0. 02 .在两台路由器上配置静态路由，命令如下：Router (config) #ip route 192. 168. 1. 0 255. 255. 255. 0 10. 0. 0. 2.查看三台网络设备上的路由表并测试两台PC的连通性POping 192. 168. 2. 2Pinging 192.168. 2. 2 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 8ms, Maximum = 15ms, Average = 9ms二、RIP动态路由配置1 .配置两PC的IP地址及掩码和网关配置三层交换机的接口IP.如果在三层交换机的物理端口上配置，那么需用命令 no switchport将其变为三 层端口，才可以配置IP2 .如果在三层交换机的虚拟端口上配置，那么可以直接配置IP,但要先划分vlan,并将物理端口分配至相应的vlan中3 .配置两路由器的接口IP,注意：位于 DCE端的路由器串口要配置时钟频率 64000,并路由器端口要手动开启°4 .为三层交换机及两台路由器配置 rip协议，命令如下PC-PT PCOPC-PT PCOPC-PTPCLRouter>enableRouterftconfigure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router (config)ftrouter ripRouter (config) ftnetwork 192. 168. 1. 0 255. 255. 06.查看三台网络设备上的路由表并测试两台PC的连通性Router>enableRouterftconfigure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router (config)ftrouter ripRouter (config) ftnetwork 192. 168. 1. 0 255. 255. 06.查看三台网络设备上的路由表并测试两台PC的连通性POping 192. 168. 4. 2Pinging 192.168. 4. 2 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192. 168. 4. 2:bytes=32 time=23ms TTL=125Reply from 192. 168. 4. 2:Reply from 192. 168. 4. 2:bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168. 4. 2:Reply from 192.168. 4. 2:bytes=32 time=23ms TTL=125Reply from 192. 168. 4. 2:Reply from 192. 168. 4. 2:bytes=32 time=21ms TTL=125Ping statistics for 192.168.4.2:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 20ms, Maximum = 23ms, Average = 21ms 三、OSPF动态路由配置.配置两PC的IP地址及掩码和网关1 .配置三层交换机的接口 IP Switch>enSwitchftconf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#int f1/0%Invalid interface type and numberSwitch(config)#int fO/1Switch(config-if)#no switchport%LINEPR0T0-5-UPD0WN:LineprotocolonInterfaceFastEthernetO/1,changed state to down%LINEPR0T0-5-UPD0WN:LineprotocolonInterfaceFastEthernetO/1,changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#exitSwitch(config)#int fO/2Switch(config-if)#no switchportSwitch(config-if) #exit2 .配置两路由器的接口IP,注意：位于 DCE端的路由器串口要配置时钟频率64000 ,并路由器端口要手动开启。Router>enableRouterftconfigure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router (config)ftinterface FastEthernetO/0Router (config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernetO/O, changed state to up%LINEPR0T0-5-UPD0WN:Line protocol on Interface FastEthernetO/O,changed state to upRouter (conf ig-if) #ip address 192. 168. 2. 2 255. 255. 255. 0Router(config-if)#Router (config)ftinterface Serial2/0Router (conf ig-if)#no shutdownRouter (config-if)ttclock rate 64000.为三层交换机及两台路由器配置rip协议，命令如下Switch>enSwitchttconfig tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)ftrouter ospf 100:00:45: %0SPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.3.1 on FastEthernetO/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading DoneSwitch(config-router)ftnetwork 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 2Switch (config-router)ftnetwork 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 2Router>enRouterttconfig tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router (config)ftrouter ospf 100:00:45: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.2.1 on FastEthernetl/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading DoneRouter(config-router)ftnetwork 192.1168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 2Router(config-router)ftnetwork 192.1168.3.0 255.255.255.0 area 27.查看三台网络设备上的路由表并测试两台PC的连通性POping 192. 168. 4. 2Pinging 192.168. 4. 2 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=125Reply from 192. 168. 4. 2:Reply from 192. 168. 4. 2:bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=125Ping statistics for 192.168.4.2:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 110ms, Maximum = 125ms, Average = 117ms 8.查看路由表 Switchttshow ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, 0 - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2El - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, LI - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernetO/2C192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernetO/10110/782via192. 168.2.2,00:08:40,FastEthernetO/10110/783via192. 168.2.2,00:08:40,FastEthernetO/1 实验总结：通过本次实验，我初步掌握了静态路由，rip和ospf路由配置。对网络层路由 器的工作原理有了进一步的了解。最后学会查看路由表。
