高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全带答案第j2421期.docx

高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、 I wanted to pay the train, but my friend insisted. Finally I had to.A. fee; give upB. fare; give inC. money; give outD. fare; give away答案：B解析：考查名词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想付火车票，但我的朋友坚持要我付。最后我不得不让步。A.fee费 用；give up 放弃;B. fare 车费;give in 让步;C. money 金钱；give out 分发；D. fare 车费；give away 赠送。train fare火车票费用。根据 but my friend insisted .可知，朋友坚持付车票钱，所以作者不得不让步。应选B。2、Will it suit your that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening?A. satisfactionB. appointmentC. delightD. convenience答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们今晚7点见面，你看方便吗?A.satisfaction满意；B.appointment约会，预约， 约定；C.delight高兴；D.convenience方便。分析可知，名词convenience符合句意，作动词suit的宾语。应选 D项。3、For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond theirA. inspirations. restorationC. fascinationD. comprehension答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝彻底复习课本的人来说，这样的考试将远远超出他们的理解。A.inspiration 灵感；B. restoration 恢复；C. fascination 魅力；D. comprehension 理解。 根据"For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review,“可知，考试超过了不彻底复习课本的人的理解。应选D。解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一份备忘录，您接 时可以参考。A. consultant顾问；B. recommendation 推荐;C. recognition识别;D. reference参考。根据上文“Here is a memo for your指将备忘录作为接 的参 考，应用reference。应选D。31、 What's the matter? He's been walking around with. He failed the examination.A. a long faceB. a wide faceC. a straight faceD. a good face答案：A解析：考查名词短语辨析。句意：一有什么事吗?他一直愁眉苦脸地走来走去。一他考试不及格。A. a long face板着 脸，愁眉苦脸；B. a wide face一张宽的脸；C.a straight face没有表情的脸,一本正经的脸；D.a good face好 的相貌。由语意可知，他考试不及格导致他愁眉苦脸。应选A项。32、 We will explore a different to gathering information.A. adventureB. approachC. advanceD. addition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们将探索一种不同的方法来收集信息。A.adventure探险；冒险；B.approach方 法；C.advance进步;D.addition附加物；补充物。短语：approach to sth./z的方法,此处指收集信息的一 种不同的方法，应选B。33、Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students gain to competitiveuniversities.A. admissionB. distinctionC. boundaryD. approval答案：A 解析:10考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大学。A.admission进入, 录取；B.distinction 区别；C.boundary 边界；D.approval 批准。由“Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students可知，句子表示大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大 学，因此空格处是录取，进入，应选A。34、 What the doctor warned us is that the sleep may cause anger, poor memory and poor concentration.A. want inB. demand onC. lack inD. lack of答案：D解析：考查短语辨析。句意：医生警告我们的是，睡眠缺乏会引起愤怒、记忆力差和注意力不集中。A. want in动词 短语"想要进来"B. demand on名词短语"需要"C. lack in ,错误表达，正确形容词短语为be lacking in"在 缺少；D.lackof名词短语缺少。根据句子结构，设空处缺少名词短语，与sleep一同作从句的主语，表示 睡眠缺乏。应选D。小提示：35、I like reading poems, because poems can certain.A. convey; emotionB. convey; emotionsC. express; emotionsD. explain; emotions答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为传递；传达和情感；情绪。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形，第二个空格根 据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。36、The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my, peers, and subordinates.A. alumniB. internsC. colleaguesD. seniors答案：D 解析:11 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法似乎奏效了，因为我赢得了长辈、同龄人和下属的尊重。A. alumni校友;interns 实习生；C. colleagues 同事；D. seniors 长辈。根据后面 peers （同龄人）and subordinates （下属）， 可知此处应该是长辈。应选D项。37、 One difficult task faced by both developed and developing countries is to guarantee the of naturalresources at the lowest possible environmental cost.A. inspectionB. exploitationC. contradictionD. exception答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：兴旺国家和开展中国家面临的一项艰巨任务是保证以尽可能低的环境代价开发自然资源。A. inspection 检查;B. exploitation 利用，开发；C. contradiction 矛盾；D. exception 例外。根据语境和 后文“of natural resources at the lowest possible environmental cost”可知,此处指自然资源的开发。应选 B 项。38、Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A. regardB. attitudeC. establishmentD. wisdom答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据"Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors”可知，他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。39、Jim has changed a lot this year and has made a good on others.A. stressB. confusionC. impressionD. campus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆今年变化很大，给别人留下了很好的印象。A.stress压力；B.confusion困惑；12Compression印象；D.campus校园。由前面的Jim has changed a lot可知,句子表示“吉姆今年变化很大,给别人留下了很好的印象,make a good impression on sb.是固定短语，意为“给某人留下很好的印象,应选Co40、Zhanguimei's selfless to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and loveher.A. faultB. complexityC. devotionD. agony答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅对教育事业的无私奉献是众所周知的，她的所有学生都尊敬爱戴她。A. fault过错；B. complexity难题；C.devotion奉献；D. agony极大的痛苦。根据句中的"selfless（无私的）可知， "devotion（奉献）符合句意。应选C。41、 On your way to New York William will keep you if you don't want to be lonely.A. companyB. companionC. safetyD. friend答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：在你去纽约的路上，威廉将会陪着你如果你不想太孤单的话。A.company陪伴;B. companion同伴；C.safety平安；D.friend朋友。根据句意可知，固定搭配keep one's company意为"陪伴某人最合适。应选A。42、 The on Sarah's face told me that she got annoyed.A. confidenceB. expressionC. appearanceD. impression答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。A.confidence信心；B.expression表情；C.appearance 外貌；D.impression E|J象。根据"told me that she got annoyed”可知，此处是指脸上的表情。应选Bo1343、 The organization has grown enormously since its in 1955.A. libertyB. divisionC. appointmentD. foundation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织自1955年成立以来开展迅速。A.liberty自由；B.division分开、分配；C.appointment 约定；D.foundation 建立。根据上文“The organization has grown enormously（这个组织开展迅速） 可知，该组织自1955年成立以来开展迅速。应选D。44、 There come two buses. The former is very crowded, but there is much room in.A. lateB. laterC. latterD. the latter答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：来了两辆公共汽车。前面一辆非常拥挤，但后面一辆有很大的空间。A.late迟（的），作 形容词或副词；B. later后来（的），作形容词或副词；C.latter后者（的），作形容词或名词；D. the latter 后者。根据There come two buses. The forme门s very crowded”可知，这里特指两辆公共汽车的后面一辆。应选Do45、 Before liberation the laboring people had no to education.A. accessB. approachC. entranceD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：解放前，劳动人民没有受教育的机会。A. access使用机会，通路；B.approach方 法，途径；C. entrance入口； D.admission准许进入。结合句意表这“有接触的机会，可以接触"用have access too 应选 A。46、There is a world of between liking someone and loving them.A. differenceB. amusementC. expressionD. description14答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同；B.amusement高兴；C.expression表达;D.description描写。根据句子意思可知，"like和“love是近义词，但是 程度不一样，所以表达出它们的不同。应选A项。47、 I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my.A. forceB. strengthC. energyD. power答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐怕我帮不了你的忙，这事我无能为力。A. force武力；B.strength力量；C. energy 能量；D. power 能力。根据上文"I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my可知为短语 beyond one's power表示“力所不及。应选Do48> During the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Paul's Cathedral built many years ago.A. impressionB. panicC. resourceD. impact答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是多年前修建的圣保罗大教堂。A.impression 印象;B. panic 恐慌；C. resource 资源；D. impact 影响。根据句中“the trip to London"和"St. Paul's Cathedral"可知，句中陈述的是圣保罗大教堂是伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的景点，"impression意为印象，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。49、 To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel.A. consumptionB. collectionC. commitmentD. distribution答案：A 解析:15 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了对抗全球变暖，科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。A. consumption消耗；B. collection 收藏品；C. commitment 承诺；D. distribution 分配。根据上文“To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel”可知，指科学家们正在研究减少燃料消 耗的节能措施，来对抗全球变暖，应用consumption。应选A。50、 Our main task at the moment is to provide a for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas.A. routeB. concernC. shelterD. schedule答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们目前的主要任务是，为受灾地区的幸存者提供庇护所。A.route路线；B.concern 关心；C.shelter 避难所,住所；D.schedule 时间表。根据句中 for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas 可知，此处指给受灾地区的幸存者提供住所。应选C。51、 Giorgio, now fifteen, and Lucia, also in her teens, were reaching the of their adolescence.A. crisisB. criterionC. causalityD. credibility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现年15岁的乔治和青少年的的露西亚正处于青春的危机期。A.crisis危机；B.criterion标准；C.causality因果关系;D.credibility可靠性。根据句意和选项可知,他们都处于青春期,有青 春期的问题，所以应选危机。应选A项。52、 Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeling of.A. brotherhoodB. brotherC. brothersD. brotherly答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：一起作战的士兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊；B.brother兄弟；C.brothers 兄弟（复数）；D. brotherly 兄弟的。根据上文"Soldiers who are fighting together"（一起作战的士兵）可知,16一起作战的士兵会有强烈的兄弟情谊，所以此处指兄弟情谊，应用名词brotherhood,应选A。53、 It's a pity that her suggestion met with.A. rejections. expectationC. distinctionD. cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：太遗憾了，她的建议遭到反对。A.rejection反对;B.expectation期待;C.distinctionD.cooperation 合作。根据"It's a pity that”可知建议遭到反对。应选 A。54、I want to buy as a birthday gift for my sister.A. some jewelB. a piece of jewelC. a jewelleryD. a piece of jewellery答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我想买一件珠宝作为我妹妹的生日礼物。jewel指宝石，珍宝，一般指的仅仅是宝石； jewellery珠宝首饰，侧重指首饰,为不可数名词,表示“一件珠宝应用a piece of jewellery。应选D。55、The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly.A. atmosphereB. adventureC. astronomyD. agriculture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个国家的领导人在友好的气氛中进行了会谈。A. atmosphere气氛；B. adventure 冒险；C. astronomy天文学；D.agriculture农业。在句中构建的情境下，显然只有用atmosphere表示“（友好 的）气氛是合理的。应选A项。174、 We encourage all students to work at their own.A. outcomeB. equationC. paceD. brand答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们鼓励所有学生按照自己的节奏学习。A. outcome结果；B. equation等式；C. pace节奏；D. brand品牌。根据句意，此处表达"节奏，作介词at的宾语，用名词形式。应选C项。5、 To our great, over 5 million of people died of Covid-19.A. satisfactionB. sorrowC. delightD. joy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们深感悲哀的是,超过500万人死于Covid-19。A. satisfaction满足，满意；B. sorrow 悲伤；C. delight 快乐;D. joy 喜悦。根据空后“over 5 million of people died of Covid-19”可知，因为 500 万人死于Covid-19,所以这是让人悲伤的。应选B。6、As a public, Yao Ming knows what to do in face of this kind of thing.A. characters. opinionC. statueD. figure答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个公众人物，姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做。A.character性格；B.opinion意见；C.statue雕塑；D.figure人物。根据常识可知，姚明是一个公众人物，因此空格处是“人物。 应选Do7、 It is to come into your leaders' office without their permission.A. a good mannerB. a bad mannerC. bad mannersD. good manners答案：C解析：考查固定句型。句意：未经领导允许进入他们的办公室是不礼貌的。分析句子可知，"manner意为方式，方 法,名词词性，作礼貌讲时,应用其复数形式“manners", "It is bad manners to do sth."意为"做某事是不礼貌 的，故空格处应用“bad manners”。应选C项。8、 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. perseveranceB. interactionC. appreciationD. amusement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。A.perseverance坚持不懈；B.interaction相互作用;C.appreciation感激；D.amusement可笑。根据句意可知，节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。应选A选项。9、Our school is based on the basic that all students should develop their full potential.A. optionB. intelligenceC. principleD. structure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学校基于的基本原那么是所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的潜力。A. option选项;intelligence智力；C.principle原那么；D.structure结构。根据句意可知，“所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的潜 力应该是学校的基本原那么，"principle意为原那么，名词词性，符合句意。应选C项。10、 Covid-19 vaccines are used to strengthen the body's to infection.A. resolutionB. reservationC. resistanceD. separation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：新冠病毒疫苗用于增强身体对感染的抵抗力。A. resolution决心；B. reservation预约;C.resistance阻力，抵抗力；D.separation别离。根据后文“to infection指增强身体对感染的抵抗力,3resistance符合语境。应选CoI watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost of it.A. viewB. sceneC. visionD. sight答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着飞机越飞越高，直到它消失在我的视线里。根据句子分析可知，此处表示 "看不见”,表达为sb. lose sight of sth.。A. view风景;B.scene场景；C.vision视觉;D.sight视野,视线。应选DoIf what your friend comes up with surprises you, don't express your immediately.A. regionB. rejectionC. electionD. mission答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的朋友给你惊喜，不要立即表示拒绝。A.region地区；B.rejection拒绝，抛 弃；C.election 选举；D.mission 任务。根据"If what your friend comes up with surprises you”可知,不要拒绝朋友 给你带来的惊喜。应选Bo13、What you do every day will eventually affect whether you can achieve your goal. In other words, your behavior will have a vital on your success.A. effortB. effectC. affectionD. affect答案：B解析：考查名词用法和词义辨析。句意：你每天做的事情最终会影响你是否能实现你的目标。换句话说，你的行为 将对你的成功有至关重要的影响。A. effort努力；B. effect影响；C.affection喜爱；D.affect影响。根据句意可知，行为对于成功有影响，空处缺少名词作宾语，affect为动词。应选B项。14、 Hearing the funny speech given by the famous professor, all of us burst into.A. laughedB. laughterC. laughingD. laugh答案：B解析：考查固定短语。句意：听到这位著名教授的有趣演讲，我们大家爆发了大笑。burst into laughter突然大笑； 放声大笑是固定短语，根据句意，应选B。15、My teacher has given me lots of. They're very useful.A. informations. newsC. suggestionsD. advice答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的老师给了我很多建议。他们是非常有用的。A. information信息，不可数名词;news新闻，不可数名词；C.suggestions建议，可数名词复数；D. advice建议，不可数名词。根据后文 They're可知，此处lots of后需接可数名词复数suggestions。应选C。16、Literally, overcapacity （产能过乘I） pressured operating margins （利润），impacting players that lack scale or management to reduce costs.A. stabilityB. fluencyC. persistenceD. expertise答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，产能过剩给运营利润率带来了压力，影响了那些缺乏规模或管理经验以 降低本钱的企业。A. stability稳定性；B.fluency流畅性;C.persistence坚持,持久性；D.expertise专长，专 门知识。management expertise为固定短语，意为"管理才干"，符合句意。应选D。17 She's battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A. complaintB. consequenceC. conscienceD. composition答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨;B. consequence 结果；C. conscience 良心；D. composition 成分。 根据“whether to tell the police what she saw.” 可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。18、 The little girl was the only in the strong earthquake. I think her was a real wonder.A. survive; survivalB. survive; survivorC. survival; survivorD. survivor; survival答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。A.survive 幸存，survival 幸存；B.survive 幸存，survivor 幸存者；C.survival 幸存，survivor 幸存者；D.survivor 幸存者， survival幸存。根据句意可知，女孩是唯一的幸存者，第一空是"幸存者survivor；第二空处意为她的幸存， 第二空是名词幸存survival。应选D。19、 This country is rich in natural.A. sectionB. reflectC. resourcesD. responsibility答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：这个国家自然资源丰富。A.section局部；B.reflect反射，反响，反思；C.resources资源；D. responsibility责任。结合句意考查固定搭配natural resources,意为：自然资源。应选C。20、 As a player, Lang Ping brought and glory to her country.A. injureB. improveC. honestD. honour答案：D解析：考查动词、名词、形容词词性和词义辨析。句意：作为一名运发动，郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。A. injure伤害，动词；B. improve提高，动词；C.honest老实的，形容词；D. honour荣誉，名词或动词。分析句 子可知，空处与glory一起作brought的宾语，用名词；根据句意可知，郎平为国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。应选D项。21、Can you see the building clearly in the foggy day?-It makes no to me whether its foggy or not, for Km blind.A. senseB. mistakeC. differenceD. meaning答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：一一在雾天你能清楚地看到那座建筑物吗?一一不管雾不雾对我都没有关系，因为我看不见。A.sense意识；B.mistake错误；C.difference不同；D.meaning意义。由fo门'm blind (因 为我看不见)可知，句子表示''不管雾不雾对我都没有关系，make no difference to sb.为固定短语，意为对某 人来说无所谓/没关系，因此空格处为difference,应选C。22、His hard work made him very successful in his job.A. NP AdjpB. NP AdvpC. Adjp NPD. NP NP答案：c解析：考查句子结构中词性构成类型。句意：他的努力工作使他在工作上非常成功。第一个划线局部very successful 是形容词短语，英文缩写是Adjp,副词very修饰形容词successful,该短语在句中作宾语补足语。第二个划 线局部his job,是一个名词短语，英文缩写是NP,该短语作介词in的宾语。应选C。23、 Mr. Moses was once the head of World Architectural Association(WAA), yet he is now nothing more than aA. retired anthropologistB. retiring anthropologyC. retired architectD. retiring architecture答案：c解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：摩西先生曾是世界建筑协会(WAA)的主席，但他现在只不过是一个退休的7建筑师。表示退休的应用过去分词转换的形容词retired； architect”建筑师，architecture建筑，根据上文 the head of World Ar