2022年反义疑问句用法归纳资料讲解.docx

精品_精品资料_精品文档反意疑问句用法完全归纳一、基本用法与结构反意疑问句由“陈述句 +简略疑问句” 两部分组成, 第一部分提出一种看法, 其次部分用来质疑或表示证明.陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一样,而且确定和否定形式彼此相反,即陈述部分为确定式时,疑问部分用否定式,陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用确定式：He likes English, doesnt he.他喜爱英语,是吗？He doesnt like English, does he.他不喜爱英语,是吗？【注】1. 如陈述部分含有 seldom, hardly, never, few, nothing 等否定词或半否定词, 其疑问部分要用肯式：He has few friends here, has he.他在这儿几乎没什么伴侣,是吗？She said nothing, did she.她什么也没说,是不是？2. 如陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词,疑问部分仍用否定式：It is unfair, isn t it.这不公正,不是吗.It is impossible, isn t it.那是不行能的,是吗.二、反意疑问句的主语问题1. 基本原就：疑问部分的主语应与陈述部分主语一样,且只能是代词：Mary is a nurse, isn t she.玛丽是护士,对吗？2. 当陈述部分为 there be 句型 时,疑问部分仍用there 作“主语”：There was nothing in the room, was there.房间里什么也没有,是吗？3. 当陈述部分的主语是 指示代词 时,疑问部分用it, they 等代词 ：That is a new car, isnt it.这是一辆新汽车,是吗.4. 当 陈 述 部 分 的 主 语 是 复 合 不 定 代 词 时 , 如 陈 述 部 分 的 主 语 为somebody, someone, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody等复 合不 定代词,其反意疑问句的主语在正式文体中用he,在口语或非正式文体中通常 用 they ：Nobody was late, were they.没有一个人迟到,是吗.5.当陈述部分的主语是something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时,其反意疑问句的主语要用it ：Everything is ready, isnt it.一切都预备好了吗？Nothing is important, is it.没有什么重要的,不是吗.三、陈述部分有动词have 的反意疑问句1. 当 have 为助动词时,其反意疑问句沿用同样的助动词：He has already left, hasn t he.他已经离开了,是吗.2. 当 have 为实意动词时,要分两种情形： 如表示“ 全部”,反意疑问句可以用have,也可以用 do ：He has a lot of friends here, hasn t doesn t he.他在这儿有很多伴侣,是吗？ 但是如陈述部分用的是have 的否定式,反意疑问句用have 仍是用 do,取决于陈述部分的动词形式：He hasnt any money, has he.他没有钱,是吗.精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精品文档He doesnt have any money, does he. 他没有钱,是吗. 如表示“ 吃”、“ 玩”等意思,反意疑问句要用do：He has supper at 5, doesnt he.他 5 点吃晚餐,是吗.He had a good time at the party, didn t he.他在晚会上玩得很高兴,是吗.3. 当用于 have to 时,通常也有两种可能：如表示常常性的行为 ,就多用加助动词 do 的形式.如表示 特定的行为 ,就多用 have：He often has to get up early, doesn t he.他常常要早起,是吗. He has to go to bed late tonight, hasn t he.他今晚要迟睡,是吗.四、含情态动词的反意疑问句1. 基本原就： 在通常情形下, 当陈述部分含有情态动词时,疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词：He can speak English, cant he ？他会说英语,是吗？We shouldn t go, should we.我们不应当去,对不对？2. 当陈述部分含有must 时,要分两种情形 ： 如 must 表示“ 必需”或“ 有必要 ”,疑问部分用 mustn t 或 neednt ：You must leave at once, mustn t needn t you.你必需 有必要 立刻离开,是吗.但是如陈述部分有mustnt 表示禁止,疑问部分要 must：You mustnt laugh, must you.你不准笑,知道吗. 如 must 表示估计,疑问部分 不能用 must,而应依据 must 后的动词结构采纳相应的动词形式：He must be tired, isn t he.他肯定累了,是吗.五、陈述部分为祈使句的反意疑问句1. 基本原就：如陈述部分为祈使句 ,疑问部分通常用will you ：Please help us, will you.请帮帮我们,好吗？Come with us, will you.同我们一起去,好吗？Don t forget to post the letter, will you.请别忘了寄信.2. 当祈使句为 Lets 时,疑问部分总是用shall we：Lets go there together, shall we.我们一起去,好吗.Let s sit under the tree, shall we.咱们就坐这树下吧,好不好？3. 当祈使句为 Let us, 时,如表示 恳求,疑问部分用 will you ,如表示 建议, 疑问部分用 shall we：Let us know your address, will you.请把你的的址告知我们,好吗. Let us go swimming together, shall we.我们一起去游泳好吗.六、陈述部分为主从复合句的反意疑问句1. 当陈述部分为主从复合句【主句+从句】时,疑问部分一般应与主句保持一样：He said that he didn t like it, didn t he.他说他不喜爱它,是不是？He knows where I live, doesn t he.他知道我住什么的方,是不是？2. 当陈述部分为I think believe, suppose that. 等时,疑问部分通常与 从句保持一样 留意否定的转移 ：精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精品文档I think that it is too short, isnt it.我认为它太短了,对不对它太短吗 . I don t think he will come, will he.我认为他不会来,对吗他会来吗 .【注】这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think 等动词为一般现在时的情形.七、反意疑问句其他几种用法1. 当陈述部分是 Im 时,疑问部分通常用arent ：Im wrong, aren t .我错了,是吗Im older than you, aren t .我年纪比你大,对不对？2. 当陈述部分是 I wish时,疑问部分通常用may II wish to go with them, may I.我想同他们一起去,可以吗？3. 当陈述部分有 had better 时,疑问部分用had：Hed better leave here, hadn t he.他最好离开这儿,是吗？4. 含 有ought to的 反 意 疑 问 句 , 陈 述 部 分 是 肯 定 的 , 疑 问 部 分 用shouldn't / oughtn't + 主语.He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he. / shouldn't he.他应当知道怎么做,不是吗？5. 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用 didn't + 主语或 usedn't +主语.He used to take pictures there, didn't he. / usedn't he.6 陈述部分有 would rather +v. ,疑问部分多用 wouldn't + 主语 .He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he.7. 陈述部分有 You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用 wouldn't + 主语.You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you.8 . 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语.What colours, aren't they.What a smell, isn't it.9. 陈述部分由neither ,nor, eitheror 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分依据其实际规律意义而定.Neither you nor I am engineer, are we.10.并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词依据邻近从句 的谓语而定.Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he.11.带情态动词dare 或 need 的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用need dare + 主语.We need not do it again, need we . He dare not say so, dare you.当 dare, need 为实义动词 时,疑问部分用助 动词 do + 主语.She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she.12. 当陈述部分以one 不定代词做主语时,附加问句的主语在正式常场用one,非正式场合用he.One should learn from others,shouldnonte / he. One can bte one oswn master, can one.One can not be too careful, can one.精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精品文档13. 当 陈 述 部 分 是I m sure that, . we are sure . I m afraid that . We are sure that. I feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时,反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一样.14. 当陈述句的主语为each 时, 反意疑问句的主语用he.Each has his strong points, hasn hte / doesn hte.15. 当陈述句的主语为 each of us, each of you, each of them时, 反意疑问句的主语用 we, you, they .Each of us has been here, haven wte.Each of them has an English dictionary, haven thtey.16.当陈述句的主语为each of结构时,反意疑问句的主语用he ,she, it 强调个体 , 用 we, you, they 强调全体 .Each of these novels is to be discussed this term, isn it.t Each of us have got the prize, haven wte.17. 陈述句主语为 such 时,反意疑问句的主语单数用it ,复数用 they.Such is his trick, isn it.tSuch are your excuses, aren thtey.18. 在"none of" 结构中,如 of 后的名词或代词是单数,后面的主语也为单数,这种情形,主要由于of 后的名词或代词为不行数名词.None of it is here, is it.19. 当 陈 述 句 部 分 是there used to be结 构 时 ,反 意 疑 问 句用 wasnt weren t there .There used to be three pine trees in the yard,weren tthere. There used to be shop at the corner of the street,wasntthere.习题一、构成形式：“确定的陈述部分否定的附加疑问句“或”否定的陈述部分确定的附加疑问句”1. She is a singer, ？ （2022 年重庆）A. doesnt sheB. hasnt sheC. isnt she2.（改为反意疑问句）Melissa got a birthday present.（ 2022 年四川）Melissa got a birthday present , ？答案： 1. C 2. Didnt she二、反意疑问句的答语： 回答如为确定句就前为 “Yes”,如为否定句就前用 “No”.假如前边的陈述句为否定句,其回答应“实事求是”1. Cats are as big as tigers, arent they ？ . （ 2022 年江苏南通）A. Yes, they areB. No theyaren tC. Yes, theyaren tD. No, they are2. You will go swimming this Saturday , won t you ？ . I have to work this Saturday. （ 2022 年四川省）A. Yes, I willB. Yes, I wontC. No, I wont答案： BC精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精品文档三.陈述句中如有否定词hardly,never,few,little ,no,nobody,nowhere,nothing等时,附加疑问句要用确定形式1.（变反意疑问句）.There is little milk in the bottle.There is little milk in the bottle, ？2.（改为反意疑问句）The old man can hardly dress himself.The old man can hardly dress himself ,？3. （改为反意疑问句）Jims never come to school late , ？4. （改为反意疑问句）Miss King hardly spoke a word the whole time. Miss king hardly spoke a word the whole time,？答案： 1. is there 2. can he 3. has he 4. did she四、陈述句中如有 have 时,须留意 have 如是实义动词,附加疑问句可用 have 形式,也可用 do 形式.当陈述句中的 have 是助动词时,附加疑问句要用 do 的适当形式1. （改为反意疑问句）Bruces just come back from England. Bruces just come back from England , ？2. His sister had a bad cough , she？A. wasntB. doesnt C. hadntD. didnt答案： 1. Hasnt he2. D五、陈述句是 there be 句型时,附加疑问句的主语用thereThere is some water in the bottle,isnt ？A. thereB. itC. that答案： A六、陈述句假如是祈使句,附加疑问句常用 will you 或 wont you 等使语气变得委婉.但以 let's 开头的祈使句, 附加疑问句要用 shall we; 而以 let us 开头的祈使句就用 will you1. Lets go and play football , ？ Thats wonderful.A. will youB. do youC. wontweD. shall we2. （改为反意疑问句）Lets have a discussion about it. Lets have a discussion about it , .答案： 1. D 2.shall we特殊提示当陈述部分含有宾语从句时, 附加疑问部分应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系.但当陈述部分的主句是I think （believe / suppose）等结构时,附加疑问部分应与从句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,并留意否定转移.如：Peter says（that ） I did it , doesnt he ？I think （ that ） shes serious, isnt she ？精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载