2022年最新高中英语语法-状语从句归纳总结讲课稿 .docx

精品_精品资料_状语从句一 分类：种类连接词留意区分：when/whenever/while/as/before/after/instantly/until/till/by the time/as soon as/hardly when/no sooner than/the moment/the minute/immediately可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从as和 when、while ：as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词.当从句的动作发生于主句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_句： the minute, the moment, every time, the first time动作之前, 只能用 when 引导这个从句, 不行用 as 或 while .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_时间例： The moment he reached the country, he started his状语search. 他一到达这个国家,就开头他的探寻工作.有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句：directly例： Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet.校长一进来, 大家就寂静下来的点从句表示 " 随时间推移 " 连词能用 as,不用 when 或 while .till/until和 not till/until ：until 可用于句首,而 till 通常不用于句首.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_where/whereverwhere,表示某一个. wherever,表示任何一个.状语because和 since、for、as、now that：because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的缘由,回答why 提出的问题.当缘由是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as 或缘由可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_状语Because/as/since/now that/forsince.由 because 引导的从句假如放在句末,且前面有逗号, 就可以用 for 来代替.但假如不是说明直接缘由,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for.now that 都表示“既然” now that肯定要是现在发生的, since 可以是现在, 也可以是过去和现在.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_条件状语if/unless/once/in case/as long as/on condition that多用一般时态,假如表示一般将来的情形,就用一般现在时, 假如表示过去将来的情形,就用一般过去时.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_目的so that,/in order that/for fear that/in case/lestso that 和 in order that 后常接 may, should, could, would等情态状语动词其规律由 so 与 such 的不同词性打算.such 是形容词,修饰结果名词或名词词组, so 是副词, 只能修饰形容词或副词.so 仍sothat, suchthat状语可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little 连用, 形成固定搭配.比较状语Than/not so/as as/the more the moreYour watch is not the same as his.the same a结s构方式状语as if, as though, as, justas-so,as if 和 as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Though/although/evenif/eventhough/as/, nomatter让步what/who/which/how/when , whatever/whoever状语/whichever/however/whenever,whether-or-（不管 -都）as 在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式.although 和 though 用正常语序,可和 yet 连用,但不行和but 连用可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_时间 状语从句：when 当 的时候 while 在 期间 as当 的时候 , 一边 一边 before 在 之前 since 自从 以来 till/until 直到 hardly when刚 as soon as 一 就 after 在 之后 not till/until（ 直到 才）no sooner than的点 状语从句：where 在那里 wherever 无论哪里 就刚 就可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_缘由 状语从句：because 由于 since 由于,既然 as 由于 for 为了 now that （既然）目的 状语从句： （ so）that=in order that （以便）so as（ not） to （ 以便 不） in case（以免）lest（以免） 结果 状语从句：so+adj./adv.+that（如此 以致）so that（结果 ）such+n.+that（假如 以致）that（所以,因此） 让步 状语从句： though/although 不行同 but 连用.though/although（虽然）however （可是）even though/if （即使）no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever（不论什么 /哪一个 /哪里 /谁/何时）比较 状语从句： as （正如）asas（和 一样）not as/so a（s 不如 ）than（比 更）the+比较级 +the+比较级 （越 越 ）条件 状语从句： if （假设）unless（假如不）so long as（只要）on condition that（假如） 方式 状语从句： as（像 那样的）just as（正像）as if （似乎）as though（似乎）二 各种状语从句的简化方法：状由 when/while/as/once/whenever 引导的时间状语从句当主句的主语和从可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_语由 if/unless 引导的条件状语从句从由 though/although/even though/even if引导的让步状语从句句由 because引导的缘由状语从句由 wherever 引导的的点状语从句句的主语一样时, 且谓语动词为 be,常省略从句的主语和谓 语 be.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1以 after 和 before 引导的状语从句的主语如与主句主语一样时, 从句等于 after/before+doing sth.作状语.例： After she sang, she left the rich man's house = After singing,she left the rich man's house 2以 as soon as引导的状语从句的主语如与主句主语一样时,从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语,此时的动词为非连续性动词.例： Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village= Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village 3时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一样时,有时可简化为不定式作状语.例： She stopped when she saw her husband = She stopped to see her husbandIf you want to understand the farmers,you must go to the countryside= To understand the farmer,s you must go to the countryside4. 结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一样时,可以简化为不定式作状语. 如两者主语不一样时,就应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语.例： He was so tired that he couldn't go any further = He was too tired to go any furtherI came here so that I could ask some questions = I came herein order to ask some questions可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. 以 when,while 引导的时间状语从句和以 if 引导的条件状语从句的主语如与主句主语一样时, 从句等于 when/while/if +doing sth.作状语,表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中.例：When he turned on the radio,he found it broken= When turning on the radio,he found it broken可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_While she was walking along the stree,t she was hit by a car was hit by a car= While walking along the street,she可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_6. 缘由状语从句的主语与主句主语一样时,可简化为分词短语作状语.例： Since l didn't know Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English= Not knowing Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English留意： 形容词短语也可作表示缘由的状语,来代替缘由状语从句,放在句首、句末均可,但一般应加逗号.例： As he was thirsty and eager to get a little res,t he went into the tea-house= Thirsty and eager to get a little res,t he went into the tea-house7. 在时间、 缘由、条件等状语从句中, 如从句和主句主语不一样时, 可简化为分词复合结构作状语.有时也可简化为 “with/without名词或代词非常词 短语 ”形式作状语.例： When the film start appeared, the children got exited= The film start appearing,the children gotexitedIf all the work is done, you can have a rest = With all the work done,you can have a restNothing can live if there is no air = Nothing can live without air 8让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一样时, 可简化为分词短语作状语. 不一样时, 常简化为 with或 in spite of 介词短语作状语.例： Although he faced his death,he didn't say anything before the enemy= Facing the death, he didn't say anything before the enemy.Although there was dange,r he rushed out to carry the boy to safety= In spite of danger,he rushed out to carry the boy to safety三表示 " 一就 " 的结构hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan和 as soon as都可以表示 " 一就 " 的意思,例： I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain.留意：假如 hardly, scarcely 或 no sooner置于句首,句子必需用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.四 As 引导的让步状语从句的倒装：1形容词 +as+主语+系动词：例： Tired as he is, he offers to help me.尽管他已经很累了,他仍是主动提出帮忙我.2过去分词 +as+主语+系动词：例： Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.尽管这本书写得很好 ,作者仍是不中意并准备修改它.3名词+as+主语+系动词：例： Student as he is, he does not study hard.他虽然是个同学,但却不努力学习.4副词+as+主语+谓语部分：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_例： Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely.我虽然敬佩他的士气,但我认为他这样做是不明智的.5动词原形 +as+主语+谓语的剩余部分：例： Try as you will ,you wont be able to persuade him.不管你怎么努力,你都说服不了他.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载