山西省2020届高三考前适应性测试（二）英语试题Word版含解析.docx

英语试题本卷须知：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答复非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷 上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每题1.5分，总分值7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15o . B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.答案是C.1. How will the speakers probably go on their trip?A. By cat. B. By train. C. By plane.2. What did the woman study at university?A. Journalism. B. Geography. C. International affairs.3. What will the man do?A. Dry the clothes. B. Walk the dog. C. Buy some food.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a supermarket. B. In the man， s house. C. In a post office.5. When does the woman want to celebrate the end of their exams?A. On the 15th. B. On the 16th. C. On the 17th.第二节（共15小题;每题L 5分，总分值22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中 选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题海小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。11. What is the best title for the passage?A. Green fortune card a card for your familyShanghai gets tough with incorrect trash sortingB. Big data, smart devices help Shanghai sort garbageCompulsory garbage classification regulation in Shanghai【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. C【解这是一篇说明文。上海，中国大陆第一个实行强制垃圾处理的城市，正在使用能够统计居民 垃圾倾倒量的智能平台促进循环利用。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 Through data shown on the screen, staff of the platform will know the amount of garbage collected and when and who dumped them.根据屏幕上显不 的数据，平台工作人员可以知道，提供的垃圾数量、以及倾倒垃圾的时间和人员。因此，智 能垃圾箱可以帮助社会工作者追踪倒垃圾的人。应选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 Residents can swipe 刷）the card after selecting the waste type on a screen above the smart bins, and the bin will open automatically. 可知， 在智能垃圾箱上方的屏幕上选择垃圾类型后，居民可以刷卡，然后垃圾箱就会自动翻开。由 此可知，使用垃圾箱的第一步是选择垃圾类型。应选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段 But proper garbage handling and necessary construction should catch up to avoid such a good idea from becoming a formalism project, Luo Yameng, a Beijing-based urban-planning and eco-city expert, told the Global Times on Thursday. 可知，适当的垃圾处理和必要的建设应该跟上，以防止这样的好主意成为形式主义工程，Luo Yameng,北京城市规划与生态城市专家，周四告诉？环球时报？。由此可以看出，Luo Yameng 的意思是，应采取后续措施确保成功。应选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 Shanghai, the first Chinese mainland city to carry out a compulsory garbage classification regulation in July, is using intellectual platforms that can count the amount of garbage residents dump 彳到to promote recycling. pJ 知，七月，上海，中国大陆第一个实行垃圾强制分类管理的城市，正在使用能够统计居民垃 圾倾倒量的智能平台促进循环利用。由此可以看出，文章的标题可以是，“大数据和智能平 台助力上海垃圾分类，应选C。DI' ve been teaching college for many years, long enough to note the steady relaxation of attention in matters of student dress. I' ve long grown used to the tom jeans, flip-flops, shorts in the dead of the Maine winter, and ball caps worn backward. Still, I took note recently when one of my students showed up in pajama bottoms. I couldn' t help stopping him and remarking, “Did you just roll out of bed?"His response: "Five minutes ago. Hr m familiar with the school of thought that says that how students dress is irrelevant, so long as they' re learning. I deposit it in the same category as “Grammar and spelling don' t matter, so long as they' re expressing themselves. Perhaps. But I also wonder about the wisdom of confusing the line between bed and desk. I should think that dressing properly before entering a formal environment, such as a college lecture hall, is a sort of visible reminder to oneself (and one' s teachers) that impressions are important and that we have come together to get down to business.I smile when I think back on the occasions that my parents associated with needing to look presentable. Once, when I was 11 and my brother 9, my father announced that he was taking us into Manhattan (just a subway ride away) to see the film of “2001: A Space Odyssey. " My brother and I were happy at the prospect, but were soon deflated when my father directed us to put on our best clothes, including jackets and ties. “But why?” I begged, not wanting to change out of my comfortable jeans, T-shirt, and sneakers.“Because, “ he said, "we' re going to New York. Other people would observe and assess us based on our appearance."So yes, I' m all for freedom of choice in matters of dress, and yes, I do want my students to be comfortable. But I also want to pay my respects to those students who believe that appearances count.12. Why did the author stop the student?A. He got up too late.B. He was late for class.C. He disobeyed the rules.D. He wore pajama bottoms.in the fourth paragraph mean?B. Relaxed.D. Worried.13. What does the underlined word “deflated”A. Discouraged.C. Surprised.14. Why does the author mention his childhood experience?A. To introduce the topic.B. To entertain the reader.C. To remember his father.D. To support his argument.15. What does the author argue in the passage?A. Students should have a dress code.B. Pajama bottoms should be banned.C. Bad behavior leads to poor learning.D. School uniforms matter to students.【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者以自己的经历告诉读者：着装虽然是个人的自由选择，但 是在正式的场合应该着装得体，学生应该有学生的着装标准。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “I took note recently when one of my students showed up in pajama bottoms. I couldn' t help stopping him and remarking”可知, 当个学生 穿着睡裤出现的时候，作者忍不住阻止了他。因此，作者是因为他穿着睡裤而拦住了他。应 选Do【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的 “My brother and I were happy at the prospect, but were soon deflated when my father directed us to put on our best clothes, including jackets and ties. "But why?” I begged, not wanting to change out of my comfortable jeans, T-shirt, and sneakers”可知，作者和哥哥为去看电影感到快乐，父亲要求作者他们穿上最 好的衣服，甚至要穿上夹克，打上领带。而作者却想穿舒服的牛仔衣。所以根据but转折可 以推知，当父亲这样要求时，作者的快乐之情荡然无存，很“泄气，应选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的 推 should think that dressing properly before entering a formal environment, such as a college lecture hall, is a sort of visible reminder to oneself （and one，s teachers） that impressions are important and that we have come together to get down to business”可知，在进入一个正式的环境（比方大学演讲厅）之前， 穿着得体是一种明显的提醒，提醒自己（以及自己的老师）印象很重要，提醒自己我们是来谈 正事的。接下来，作者以自己童年的经历在去纽约看电影的时候，父亲要求他们正式着装, 因为父亲认为纽约人会根据外表来评判他们）正好说明了这一点：别人会根据你的外表来评 判你，你给别人的印象很重要。所以作者提到自己的童年经历是为了支持自己的论点。应选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。作者在文中通过自己的个人经历告诉我们：在进入一个正式的环境时，穿着应 该得体。根据最后一段中的“I do want my students to be comfortable. But I also want to pay my respects to those students who believe that appearances count可知，作 者希望自己的学生感到舒适，但同时对那些认为外表重要的学生表示敬意，也就是说，作者 认为外表也很重要。由此推知，作者想要传递的中心思想是：在正式的场合应该着装得体。 那么，学生就应该有学生的着装标准。应选A。第二节（共5小题;每题3分，总分值15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。With high rents and low wage growth, it's hardly surprising that young adults increasingly rely on parents for financial support. 16 A survey last year estimated that the $500 billion in financial help that parents give adult children is double what those same parents manage to save for retirement. Nearly 75% parents reported they put their adult kids' needs ahead of retirement.17 The less you have saved for retirement, the more likely you will feelmoney-stressed in retirementthat' s not the goal, right? and you may end up needing to rely on your kids for help in your later years. That' s surely not an outcome the entire family wants.The decision to provide financial support for an adult child is, of course, personal. That said, if you have even the tiniest worries about retirement security, you owe it to your entire family to reconsider your support. Not overnight, but by setting a timeline expectation for when your child will be independent. 18Let adult kids contribute to family expenses. Once an adult child has a job, even if they are still living at home, it's time to have them participate in paying bills. At least, they should pay their share of a family cellphone plan.19 Helping an adult child get established is one thing, but often help can extend into financing a nicer than needed lifestyle. For example, give money for groceries so they don，t exist on a poor diet. 20 However, buying for a new car (which should be a used car) or contributing to rent for their own place (rather than shared) is you not setting smart limits.Anyway, you must have enough savings to take care of yourself.A. Set limits on what you will help with.B. Make a major financial sacrifice for adult kids.C. Besides, helping rent a shared apartment is also reasonable.D. While the support is financial, we， re not talking pocket money.E. And most importantly, you can also establish clear financial boundaries.F. You should reduce your budget to come up with the extra cash to help.G. Parents who make that choice could set everyone up for a difficult future.【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. C【解析】本文是说明文。由于房租高工资低增长，年轻人开始依赖于父母得到经济支持。本文给家长 们提出了几条建议。【16题详解】根据空前 With high rents and low wage growth, it's hardly surprising that young adults increasingly rely on parents for financial support.得知，由于房租高工资低增长，年 轻人开始依赖于父母得到经济支持。下文表示转折，虽然支持是财政上的，但我们谈的不是 零花钱。应选D。【17题详解】根据空后 The less you have saved for retirement, the more likely you will feel money-stressed in retirementthat' s not the goal, right? 一and you may end upneeding to rely on your kids for help in your later years.得知你为退休攒的钱越少， 你就越有可能在退休时感到钱的压力一一这不是目的，对吧？ -你可能在晚年需要依靠你的孩 子来帮助你。选项承接上文，做出这种选择的父母可能会让每个人都有一个艰难的未来。应 选Go【18题详解】根据空前 Not overnight, but by setting a timeline expectation for when your child will be independent.得知不是一夜之间，而是为你的孩子设定一个独立的时间表。选项承接上文 最重要的是，你也可以和子女建立清晰的金钱界限。应选E。【19题详解】根据空后 Helping an adult child get established is one thing, but often help can extend into financing a nicer 一 than 一 needed lifestyle. For example, give money for groceries so they don，t exist on a poor diet.得知帮助一个成年的孩子建立关系是一回 事，但通常帮助可以扩展到资助一个比需要更好的生活方式。例如，给钱买日用品，这样他 们就不至于吃得太差。所以前面建议关于限制你的帮助范围。为本段的标题。应选A。【20题详解】根据空前 Helping an adult child get established is one thing, but often help can extend into financing a nicer 一 than 一 needed lifestyle. For example, give money for groceries so they don，t exist on a poor diet.得知前面提到的可以帮助孩子们做的事情， 下面要建议其他的帮助，C.另外帮助孩子租赁提供的公寓是合理的。承接自然。应选C。第三局部语言知识运用（共两节，总分值55分）第一节（共20小题;每题2分，总分值40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正 确选项。I' ve done almost every sport I can think of, so I' ve had a lot of coaches. And my best coach was my 21 teacher, Mrs. Lane. It seemed she knew everything,22 about you.One Wednesday I practiced 23 a balled-up sheet of paper into the wastebasket from ten feet out. 24 it left my fingertips, Mrs. Lane came in and said, “25! She pulled my ball of paper out from the wastebasket and 26 it to me. Then she walked to the 27 of the room and set the wastebasket in the comer.“You did so well that I' d like to see some more, she said “Get up and join me.We 28 the door. "Id like to see 10 more shots, from here. Every time you miss, you 29 me one hour of detention （放学后留校）.The class became 30. Any kid who's ever thrown a balled-up sheet ofpaper knows that there? s barely enough 31 to get it all the way across the room, let alone accurately.I 32 the ball as tightly as I could and took my first shot. Enough 33 but wide left. The class 34 One hour of detention. Next shot: short. Two hours. At last I made three shots and 35 seven. Seven hours of one-on-one with Mrs. Lane.Later I 36 why she was my best coach. I was 37 to the school, having moved from Miami this summer. I was significantly 38 in math, but I' d been able to hide what I didn' t know. Actually Mrs. Lane had 39 what I didn' t know. Each detention was tailored to address a40 that she had spotted. It was thrilling to finally understand the thingsthat I' d pretended to know.I grew comfortable with her.21. A.footballB.22. A.normallyB.23. A.throwingB.24. A.Each timeB.instant25. A. TerribleB.26. A. donatedB.languageC.especiallyC.breakingC.SinceC.NiceC.foldedC.scienceD.mathgenerallyD.usuallyrollingD.cuttingIfD.TheCarefulD.CasualhandedD.changed39. A 40. D27.A.backB.frontC.middleD.entrance28.A.closedB.answeredC.approachedD.watched29.A.offerB.lendc.sendD.owe30.A.emptyB.noisyc.crowdedD.lonely31.A.weightB.skillc.shapeD.strength32.A.squeezedB.caughtc.kickedD.played33.A.rangeB.heightc.distanceD.force34.A.shoutedB.agreedc.jumpedD.sighed35.A.addedB.missedc.avoidedD.found36.A.set downB.showed offc.figured outD.made sure37.A.smallB.localc.newD.young38.A.wellB.behindc.quickD.around39. A. discoveredrememberedB.predictedc.ignoredD.40.A.businessB.sadnessc.kindnessD.weakness【答案】21. D 22.B23. A 24. D25. B26. C 27. A28.C 29.D30. B 31. A32.A 33. C34. D35. B 36. C37. C38. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 “我的数学老师莱恩对新到这所学校的“我"非常关注，这 让“我很感动的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的教练是我的数学老师莱恩太太。A. football足球；B. language语言；C. science科学；D. math数学。由最后一段的math可知，莱恩太太是数 学老师。应选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:看起来她什么都知道，特别是关于你的事。A. normally正常地B. especially 尤其；C. generally 大体上；D. usually 通常。especially 表示语气进一步加 强，说明莱恩老师特别善于了解学生，符合语境的需要。应选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期三，我练习从十英尺远的地方把一张揉成团的纸扔进废 纸篓。A. throwing 扔；B. breaking 折断；C. rolling 滚动；D. cutting 切下。由下文的 “10 more shots"可知,此处选择throwing表示投掷纸团。应选A。【24题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：它一离开我的指尖，莱恩太太就进来了，她说，“不错。A. Each time每次；B. Since自从；C, If如果；D. The instant -就。此处表示“我刚投掷出纸团,老师就进来了, the instant引导时间状语从句。应选D。25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它一离开我的指尖，莱恩太太就进来了，她说，“不错。A. Terrible可怕的；B. Nice宜人的，好的；C. Careful小心的；D. Casual随便的。因为从 较远处“我将纸团投进了纸篓，因此莱恩老师做出了肯定的评价。应选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把我的纸团从废纸篓拿了出来，然后把它递给我。A. donated 捐赠；B. folded折叠；C. handed递交；D. changed改变。下文提到莱恩老师让“我”再 次投掷纸团，因此她拿出纸团后递给了 “我。应选C。27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她走到教室的后面，把废纸篓放在墙角处。A. back后面;B. front前面；C. middle中间；D. entrance入口。莱恩老师走进教室，为了让“我”再 一次投掷纸团，因此她把纸篓拿到更远的教室后面。应选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们走到门口。A. closed关闭;B. answered答复；C. approached 靠近；D. watched观看。莱恩老师让“我再一次投掷纸团，我们来到了教室门口，这样离 纸篓是最远的了。应选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一次投不中，你就欠我一个小时的留校时间。A. offer提供；B. lend借出；C. send发送；D. owe欠。由下文可知，“我 一次投不中，就耍留下一个 小时，这是“欠老师的时间。应选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全班都在窃窃私语。A. empty空的；B. noisy吵闹的；C crowded 拥挤的；D. lonely孤独的。听到莱恩老师的话，学生们自然而然要议论纷纷。应选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何一个曾经扔过纸团的孩子都知道，这样的纸团几乎没有足够 的重量能穿过房间，更不用说精确命中了。A. weight重量；B. skill技巧；C. shape形状; D. strength力量。纸团的重量比较轻，很难穿越那么远的距离命中目标。应选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽可能地把纸球捏紧，然后进行第一次投掷。A. squeezed挤压;B. caught抓住；C. kicked踢；D. played玩耍。为了使纸团飞得足够远和尽可能命中目标, “我自然要将纸团捏紧。应选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我扔的距离足够远，但太偏向左边。A. range范围；B. height 高度；C. distance距离；D. force力量。由but表示转折可知，扔的方向偏差较大，不过 扔的距离倒是足够了。应选C。34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班学生为我叹气，留校一小时。A. shouted叫喊；B. agreed 同意；C. jumped跳跃；D. sighed叹气。“我第一次没投中，同学在为“我叹气。应选 Do【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后我投中了三个，七个没进去。A. added增加；B. missed错 过，想念；C. avoided防止；D. found发现。此处需要填入表示没投中的词语，与“made three shots构成比照。应选B。【36题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：后来我弄清楚了为什么她是我最好的教练。A. set down写下；B. showed off炫耀；C. figured out想出；D. made sure