山西省运城市2020届高三调研测试英语试题Word版含解析.docx

运城市2021年高三调研测试英语试卷本试题总分值150分，考试时间120分钟。听力不计入总分，答案一律写在答题卡上。本卷须知：1 .答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、 准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。2 .答题时使用0. 5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3 .请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。4 .保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7。5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18 C. £ 9. 15.答案是C.1. What is the woman? s plan for her holiday?A. To go to Hawaii. B. To go to Hong Kong. C. To stay at home.2. What time wi11 the woman leave?A. At 13:00. B. At 14:30. C. At 16:20.3. What pet does the man decide to keep finally?A. A dog. B. A cat. C. A rabbit.4. Where does this conversation take place?A. On the train. B. In the airplane. C. In the hotel.5. What is the woman doing?A. Offering the man some advice.B. Telling the man some bad news.11. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. show the relation between productivity and job creationdiscuss the effect of technological advances on employmentB. argue against the wide use of artificial intelligenceexplain the impact of technologies on productivity【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文讨论了技术进步对就业的影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 By 2021, a significant gap appears between the two lines, showing economic growth with no parallel increase in job creation.可矢口, 图表上 20212021强烈支持McAfee的主张。故答案为Do【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 it raises the possibility that poor job growth could be simply a result of a depressed economy.可知，根据David Autor的说法，就业增长的变化并不 一定是由技术造成的，而可能是由萧条的经济造成的。故答案为A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Though he expects the historical pattern to hold, it is ugenuinely a question,he says. "If technology disrupts enough, who knows what will happen?”可知，Lawrence Katz对这个话题的态度是客观的。故答案为C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 who has studied the connections between jobs and technology, doubts that technology could account for such a sudden change in total employment. Moreover, he also doubts that productivity has, in fact, risen steadily in the United States in the past decade.可知，这篇文章的主要目的是讨论技术进步对就业的影响。故 答案为B。DIt is fashionable today to criticize Big Business, and there is one issue on which the many critics agree: CEO pay. We hear that CEOs are paid too much (or too much relative to workers) , or that they control others' pay, or that their pay is insufficiently related to positive outcomes. But the more likely truth is CEO pay is largely caused by intense competition.It is true that CEO pay has gone uptop ones may make 300 times the pay of typicalworkers on average, and since the mid-1970s, CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%. The typical CEO of a top American corporation-from the 350 largest such companies-now makes about $18. 9 million a year.While individual cases of overpayment definitely exist, in general, the determinants of CEO pay are not so mysterious and not so trapped in corruption (腐 败).In fact, overall CEO compensation for the top companies rises pretty much in line with the value of those companies on the stock market.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay, though, is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of Americans highest-earning 1 % have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy.It' s not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U. S. economy.Today? s CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many more skills than simply being able to ,run the company.，r CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them. They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slipup can cause a bad consequence. Then there, s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly incredible.There is yet another trend: virtually all major American companies are becoming tech companies, one way or another. An agribusiness company, for instance, may focus on R&I) in highly IT- intensive areas such as genome sequencing (基因组序歹(J). Similarly, it is hard to do a good job running the Walt Disney Company just by picking good movie scripts and courting stars ； you also need to build a firm capable of creating significant CGI (计算机生成图像)products for cartoon movies at the highest levels of technical sophistication and with many frontier innovations along the way.On top of all of this, major CEOs still have to do the job they have always done- which includes motivating employees, serving as an internal role model, helping to define and extend a corporate culture, understanding the internal accounting, and presenting budgets and business plans to the board. Good CEOs are some of the world? s most powerful creators and have some of the very deepest skills of understanding. 12. Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?A. The growth in the number of cooperationThe general pay rise with a better economyB. Increased business opportunities for top firmsClose cooperation among leading economics13. Compared with their predecessors, today, s CEOs are required to.A. foster a stronger sense of teamworkfinance more research and developmentB. establish closer ties with tech companiesoperate more globalized companies14. The meaning of the underlined word “slipup” (line 5, paragraph 4) is close toA.operationB.successC.mistakeD.promotionThe most suitable title for this text would be .A.CEOs Are NotOverpaidB.CEO Pay: PastandPresentC.CEOs' ChallengesofTodayD.CEO Traits:NotEasytoDefine【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A【解析】本文是说明文。文章分析了 CEO的薪酬高的原因和如今面临的挑战，说明CEO高工资是符合 情理的。【12题详解】细节理用隼题。根据第四段的 The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay, though, is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly.（然而，了解CEO薪酬增长的最正确模式是，在一个顶级公司的 商业时机正在迅速增长的世界中，CEO人才有限。）可知，增加了顶级公司的商业时机，促进 了 CEO薪酬的增加。应选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段的 Then there' s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly incredible.（还 有一个事实是，美国的大公司比以往任何时候都更加全球化，供给链遍布更多的国家。领导 这个系统需要相当不可思议的知识。）可推断，今天的CEO需要经营更多的全球化公司。应选 Do【14题详解】词句猜测题。 根据上文 They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors（他们还需要比他们的前任更好的公共关系技能），结合as引导原因状语从句， 说明主句的原因可推断，划线句表达的意思是：因为即使是轻微失误的代价也会造成不良后 果。故划线词与mistakes意思一致。应选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段提出CEO薪酬高是热门话题，二到五段分析了 CEO高薪酬的原 因，说明首席执行官薪酬的决定因素并不那么神秘，也不那么陷入腐败。事实上，整体CEO 的薪酬几乎符合这些公司在股票市场上的价值；六到八段分析了今天的CEO面临的挑战，因 此推断文章主要讲述首席执行官的薪酬是合理的。故A项“CEO没有被给予过高的薪酬为最 正确标题。应选A。第二节（共5小题；每题3分，总分值15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余 选 项。Letters last forever!When was the last time you actually wrote a letter? People now mail fewer letters. The trend in mailing less correspondence is likely to continue.16 Maybe widespread use of e-mai 1 and cheaper long-distance calling makeletter writing less appealing. Using newer forms of communication is certainly easierthan writing a letter. 17.Consider how we use the newer forms of communication. Both phone calls and e-mail are quick ways to keep in touch with our friends. 18However, reading ourletters again and again can help us feel close to the people who sent them.Although letters take longer to write, they are certainly a more memorable way to communicate. 19 Once the ideas are organized, the words need to be written down on paper. The effort to put ideas on a page frequently deepens our thinking. The person who receives our letter gains insights about our beliefs, rather than simply receiving a short response to an e-mail.Although phone calls and e-mails are important forms of communication, I believe that we should all take the time to master the skill of writing a good letter. True, writing a letter does take more time, but that is the benefit of a letter. By taking more time to compose our thoughts, we become more thoughtful. 20. We createa meaningful memory that the recipient can return to again and again.A. Chances are, it has been awhile.B. In doing so, we create more than just a note.C. They often save handwritten letters for many years.D. For example, much thought is involved in composing a letter.E. There are probably many reasons why people mail fewer letters today.F. I think that the drawback with phone calls is that we can, t save and print them. G. However, I think that replacing handwritten letters with e-mails or phone calls is a poor choice.【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. B【解析】本文是议论文。作者分析了现在邮寄信件减少的原因和手写信件的好处。【16题详解】空前一段中提到“人们现在邮寄的信件变少了。 ；选项E意思为：人们现在写信少了可能 有许多原因。选项E是顺承上一段的话题，是承上启下。应选E项。【17题详解】选项G意思为：但是，我认为用电子邮件或取代手写的信件是一个不好的选择。选项G中 however表示语义转折；空前一句提到“使用更新的交流方式当然比写信更容易。；选项G 中提到“这不是一个好的选择”，前后两个句子之间是语义转折。应选G项。【18题详解】选项F意思为：我认为 的缺点是我们不能保存和打印它们。空后一句提到“一遍又一遍地 阅读信件的好处；按照常理，只有保存下来的信件才能“一遍又一遍地阅读；however表 示转折关系，因此所填句子应该是说明“更新的交流方式的缺乏之处。应选F项。【19题详解】选项D意思为：例如，在写一封信的时候需要很多的思考。空后下文提到“一旦组织好想法, 需要把词语写在纸上。努力把想法写在纸上又常常加深我们的思考。，这是说明写信的过 程是一个思考的过程。与选项D话题相符。应选D项。【20题详解】此题线索是词汇复现。选项B意思为：这样做，我们创立的不仅仅是一条信息。选项B中“we create和空后一句中的"We create”是并列句式。应选B项。第三局部语言知识运用（共两节，总分值55分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题;每题2分，总分值40分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。What I RegretAt lunchtime, Jimmy, Patrick, Devon, and I began our regular routine of our lunches. I glanced across the busy cafeteria and saw the 21 student, Joel. He was holding his plate and waiting in lines.Patrick 22 him too. "Why' s the new kid dressed like the headmaster?” he asked. Devon and Jimmy laughed.“Joel' s cool. He' s in my English and history classes,，z I said. However, I kept the 23 that Joel and I had become friends when we worked on a project together. We 24 that we were both enthusiastic readers 一 something I would never admit to Patrick, Jimmy, and Devon.I saw that Joel was 25 toward us. "Don' t do it, “ I thought, but in seconds he was at our table. My friends raised their eyebrows. Jimmy, Devon and Patrick piled their backpacks on the table and chairs so that there was no 26 left for another person to sit down. Patrick said, "I don' t think we have room.This 27 situation froze the air. I could 28 Joel looking at me, but I stared at my 29 as if it contained precious pearls of wisdom instead of rice and beans. After a long, uncomfortable pause, Joel 30. I31 have spoken up for him, but I couldn' t walk away from my three friends,could I?Joel didn' t speak to me after that 32 He was soon 33 around with another group of kids. A few months later, I saw an announcement about Joel being chosen to be president of the class book club. I was 34 for Joel? s achievements, but I realized I had made a big mistake 35 I saidnothing at the lunch table that day. Why was I so 36 that my friends mightfind out that I like to read?As I stared at the announcement, I knew I needed to 37 to Joel evenif he did not want to become my friend again. I was certain that my three friends would not 38. I was also certain that I 39 losing them as well. However, I knew that I would lose myself if I did nothing.As the dismissal bell rang, I gathered up my books, took (a) deep 40,and went to find Joel.21.A.goodB.newC.luckyD.top22A.noticedB.helpedC.examinedD.called23.A.wordsB.ideasC.truthD.promise24.A.forgotB.arguedC.discussedD.discovered25.A.noddingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving26.A.bookB.foodc.timeD.space27.A.awkwardB.dangerousc.pleasantD.comfortable28.A.tasteB.smellc.hearD.feel29.A.faceB.lunchc.backpackD.table30.A.leftB.laughedc.startedD.stopped31. A. needB.shouldC.wouldD.must32. A. greetingB.changeC.meetingD.lesson33. A. turningB.lookingC.showingD.hanging34. A. happyB.sorryC.thankfulD.anxious35. A. ifB.untilC.whenD.where36. A. confusedB.surprisedC.excitedD.afraid37. A. adaptB.apologizeC.smileD.refer38. A. refuseB.agreeC.mindD.choose39. A. riskedB.permittedC.triedD.suggested40. A. delightB.silenceC.breathD.thought【答案】21. B22. A23. C 24. D25. C26. D 27. A28.D 29.B 30. A 31.B 32.C 33. D34. A35. C 36. D37. B38. B39. A 40. C【解析】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了一件让他感到非常懊悔的事情。作者和Joel本来是朋友，但是因 为其他三个朋友的关系，一次见面时，作者没有理睬Joel。对于这件事，作者感到自己做错 了，于是想向Joel抱歉。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我瞥了一眼繁忙的自助餐厅，看到了新来的学生Joel。A. good 好的；B. new新的；C.lucky幸运的；D.top顶端的。根据下文Patrick的问话Why' s the new kid dressed like the headmaster?可知，Joel 是新来的学生。应选 B 项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Patrick也注意到了他。A. noticed注意到；B. helped帮助；C.examined检查；D. called打 。根据Patrick的问话“为什么新来的孩子穿得像校长？ 可知，他注意到了 Joel。应选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我隐瞒了一个事实，那就是我和Joel在一起做工程时成为 了朋友。A. words话语；B. ideas想法；C. truth事实，实情；D. promise承诺。根据下 一句"something I would never admit to Patrick, Jimmy, and Devon”可知，作者不想 告诉Patrick, Jimmy和Devon这个事实。短语keep the truth "隐瞒事实”。应选C项。 【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们发现我们都是热情的读者一一这是我永远不会向Patrick, Jimmy 和 Devon 成认的。A. forgot 忘t己；B. argued 争论；C. discussed 讨论；D. discovered 发现。作者发现和Joel对阅读的共同爱好，于是成了朋友。应选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看见Joel正向我们走来。A. nodding点头；B. flying飞；C. walking 走路；D. driving 开车。根据上文 Joel and I had become friends 可知，Joel 认 识作者，因此看到作者，就向他走过来。应选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jimmy, Devon和Patrick把背包堆在桌子和椅子上，这样就没有 地方让另一个人坐下。A. book书；B. food食物；C. time时间；D. space空间。根据下一 句Patrick所说的话I don' t think we have room.可知,他们没有留出让Joel坐的空间。 应选D项。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种为难的局面使空气都凝固了。A. awkward为难的；B. dangerous危险的；C. pleasant愉快的；D. comfortable舒适的。Joel走过来，但是其他 三个孩子不让Joel和他们坐在一起，因此场面很为难。应选A项。L28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到Joel在看着我，但我盯着我的午餐，就好似里面装的 是智慧的珍贵珍珠，而不是米饭和豆子。A. taste品尝；B. smell闻；C. hear听；D. feel 感觉。根据后半句I stared at my 9可知,作者没有看Joel,而是看其他的地方，因此是 感觉到Joel看着他。应选D项。L29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到Joel在看着我，但我盯着我的午餐，就好似里面装的 是智慧的珍贵珍珠，而不是米饭和豆子。A. face脸；B. lunch午餐；C. backpack背包；D. table桌子。根据后面的rice and beans可知，作者是盯着自己的午餐。应选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一段漫长、令人不安的停留之后，Joel离开了。A. left离开;B. laughed笑;C. started开始;D. stopped停止。作者没有理睬Joel,因此Joel离开了。应选A项。【31题详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我本应该为他说话的。A. need必要；B. should应该；C. would 将会；D. must必须。此处是ushould have done”结构，意思为“本应该做 ，但实际上 没有；作者认为自己本应该为Joel在其他三个朋友面前说好话的，但是他没有。应选B项。 【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次见面后，Joel没再跟我说话。A. greeting问候；B. change 改变；C. meeting见面；D. lesson课程，教训。那是Joel到新学校后和作者的唯一一次见 面。应选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很快就和另一群孩子一起玩了。A. turning转向；B. looking 看；C. showing展示；D. hanging挂着。此处是短语hang around “闲逛，出去玩”。应选 D项。L34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为Joel的成就感到快乐。A. happy快乐的；B. s