【精品】中考英语 第二轮 语法考点聚焦 第35讲 定语从句课件1（可编辑.ppt

中考英语 第二轮 语法考点聚焦 第35讲 定语从句课件1中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能、结构和关系词的用法上，重点考查由that，which，who引导的定语从句。高频考向一定语从句的关系词定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引出。who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？He is the man(who/whom/that)I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。The coat(that/which)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。whose用来指人或物，在句中只用作定语。如：Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如：Ill never forget the days when we studied together.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。This is the city where my father worked ten years ago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。解析：句意为“如果电影院能提供人们在家里不能获得的电影体验，电影院可能会有一个更加光明的未来。”由句意及句子结构可判断，空格处所填内容引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语。that指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who和whom指代人，who在从句中可作主语，whom作宾语；what不能作关系代词引导定语从句，由先行词experience是表示物的名词可得知正确答案。【例3】This is the primary school _ I studied three years ago.Awhere Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich答案：_解析：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。A高频考向二关系词只能用that而不用which的情况当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first thing that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是关灯。当先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：All that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。Im going to buy everything that I need.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。当先行词前面有only，just，very，any，no等词修饰时。如：Thats the only thing that we can do now.那是我们现在唯一能做的事情。当先行词指代的既含有人又含有物时。如：They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。【例4】This is one of the most interesting cities _ I have ever visited.(2016，兰州)Awho Bthat Cwhich Dwhere答案：_解析：分析题干和选项可知，此题考查定语从句中关系代词的选择。“_ I have ever visited”为定语从句，先行词cities指事物且关系词代替先行词在从句中作visited的宾语；另外，当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that而不用which。B【例5】Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.Awho Bwhich Cthat Dwhom答案：_解析：先行词指代的既含有人又含有物时，关系代词用that。C高频考向三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况当先行词为all，any或其合成词或a few且指人时。如：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。当先行词为that，this，those或these且指人时。如：Those who hadnt bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些还没买着票的人挤在候车厅里。当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whom引导均可，但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用whom。如：The guest(who/whom)Ill first introduce to you is a little girl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。I met a few friends of mine，among whom was my old classmate.我遇见几位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。【例6】Success will belong to those _ never say“impossible”Awhom Bwhat Cwho Dwhich答案：_解析：先行词是those，故关系代词用who。C