2020年12月英语四级真题第2套.docx

2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题（二）Part IWilting(30 minutes)Directions ffior this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation. You should wi te at least 120 woris but no more than 180 words.Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections In this section, * will hear three news reports. At the end ofeach news repon, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be s融 n only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), ,C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line througU the centre .Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) He wanted to buy a home.8) He suffered from a shock.2. A) Invite the waiter to a iancy dinner.B) Tell her story to the Daily News.C) He Lost a huge sum of money.D) He did an unusual good deed.C) Give some money to the waiter.D) Pay the waiter's school tuition.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news repott you have just ffieard.3. A) Whether or not to move to the state's mainland.B) How to keep the viLLage from sinking into the sea.C) Where to get the funds for rebuilding their viLLage.D) What to do about the rising leveL of the seawater.4. A) It takes too Long a time.C) It has to wait for the state's finatapprovaL.8) It costs too much money.D) It faces strong opposition from manyviLLagers.Questins 5 to 7 are based on tffie news repott you have Just heard.5. A) To investigate whether people are gratefuL for heLp.B) To see whether peopLe hoLd doors open for strangers.C) To explore ways of inducing gratitude in peopLe.D) To find out how peopLe express gratitude.6. A) They induced strangers to taLk with them.B) They heLped 15 to 20 peopLe in a bad mood.C) They heLd doors open for peopLe at various places.D) They interviewed peopLe who didn't say thank you.7. A) PeopLe can be educated to be grateful.C) Most peopLe have bad days now and then.B) Most peopLe express gratitude for heLp. D) PeopLe are ungrateful when in a bad mood.IlYfJ! 2020 12 J3 24Section BDirections Jn this section, Jt'U will hear two long conversations. At the.ena of each conversation, Jt'U will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou heara question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markeaA), B), C) and D). Then inark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet J with a single line through the centre.Quetio ns 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you havejusfi heard.8. A) To order a solar panel installation.B) To report a serious leak in his roof.9. A) He plans to install solar pllnels.B) He owns afour-bedroom house.10. A) The service ofthe solar panel company.8) The cost of a solar panel installation.11. A) One year and a half.B) Less than four years.C) To enquire about solar pai;iel installations.D) To coiplain about the faulty solar panels.C) He saves $ 300 a year.D) He has a large family._C) The maintenance of the solar panels.D) The quality of the solar panels.C) Roughly six years.D) About five years.Questions 12 to 15。招 based on the conversation you havejust ffieardA) At a travel agency.C) At an airline transfer service.8) At an Australian airport.D) At a local transportation authority.12. A) She would be able to visit more scenic spots.B) She wanted to save as much money as possible.C) She vm3111d like to have eveeything taken care of.D) She wanted to spend more time with her family.14. A) Fourdays.8) Five days.15. A) Choosing sdne activities herself.B) Spending Christmas with Australians.C) One week.D) Two weeks.C) Driving along the Great Ocean Road.D) Learning more about winemakingSection CDirectii ns Jn this section, Jt'U will hear three pzssages. At the end ofeach passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only ONce. After ycu heara question, Jt'U must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ) , B) , C) and D ) . Then mark the co Responding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the p0eyou havejust heard.16. A) Bringtheirown bagsvyhenshopping. C) Dispose .of their trash properly.8) Use public transportwhen traveling. D) Pay a green tax upon arrival.17. A) It has not been doing a good job in recycling.B) It has witnessed a rise in accidental dinning.C) It has not attracted many tourists in recent years.D) It has experienced an overall decline in air quality.18. A) To charge a small fee on plastic products in supermarkets.B) To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali Island.C)1 To promote the use of paper bags for shopping.D) To impose a penalty on anyone caught litfiering.2O2OQ120 25Questins 19 to21 are based od the passage you have just heard.19. A) It gives birth to several babies at a time.B) It is the least protected mammal secies.20. A) Global warming.8) Polluted seawaters.21. A) To mate.8) To look for food.C) Its breeding grounds are now btter preserved.D) Its population is. now showing signs of increase.C) Commercial hunting.D) Decreasing birthrates.C) To escape hunters.D) To seek breeding grounds.22. A) They prefer to drink low-fat milk.8) They think milk is good for health.23. A) It is not as healthy as once thought.8) It is not easy to stay fresh for long.24. A) They drinktoo many pints every day.8) They are sensitive to certain minerals.25. A) It is easier for sick pe ole to digest.B) It provides, some necessary nutrients.C) They consume less milk these days.D) They buy more milk than the British.C) It benefits the elderly more.D) It tends to make popple fat.C) They lack the necessary proteins to digest it.D) They have eaten fiood inconpatible with milk.C) It is healthier than other animal products.D) It supplies the body with enough calories.Questions 22 to 25* are based oi)the passage you have just heard.Part Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)Section ADirections In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepasagB through carefully before making 30ur choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2* with a single line through the centre. You may not we any of the words in the bank more than once.When my son completes a task, I can't help but praise him. It's only natural to give praise where praise is due, right? But is there *such 0 thing as too much praise?According to psychogj st Kaiheiine Phillip, children don't- benefit from 26 u praise as much as w*d like to think. "Parents' often praise, believing they are building iheir child's self-confidence. However, over-praising can have a 27 effect/' says Phillip. "When we use the same praise 28, it may become empy and no longer valued* by the child. Tt can also become an expectation that anything they do aust be 29 with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fiear of 30 their parents. HDoesthismeanweshoulddoawaywithallthepraise?Phillipsaysno. ,rThekeyto healthy praise is to fiocus on the process rather than the 31 . It is the recognition of a child's attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential/' she says. "Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow. HSo how do we break the 32 of praise we're all so accustomed to? Phillip says it's important to33 between "person praise" and "process praise". "Person praise is 34 saying how great someone is. It's a form of personal approval. Process praise is acknowledgement of the efforts the personImU! 2020。12 Q 26has just - 35. Children who receive person praise are more likely to fieel shame after losing/1 says Phillip.A) chooseF) experiencedK) repeatedlyB) constantG) negativeL) rewardedC) disappointingH) outcomeM) separatelyD) diitinguishI) patternN) simplyE) exhaustingJ) plural0) undertakenSection BDiRECtions In this secttbn, you are gothg to read a passagu wt!th ten statements attached to ti, Each statement contains information gtven th one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from wht:ch the information 七 dertvea . Yru may choose a paragraph moru than oncu . Each paragraph ts marked wtih a letfier. Answer the questtbns by marking the corresponding - letfier on Answer Sheet 2.Poverty is a story about us , not themA) Too often still, we think we know what poverty looks like. Kt's the way we've been taught, the images we've been force-fed for decades. The chronically homeless. The undocumented immigrant. The urban poor, usually personified as a woman of color, the "welfare queen" politicians stil too often reference.B) But as incdne inequality rises to record levels in the United States, even in the midst of a record ecdiomic expansion, those familiar images are outdated, hurtful, and counterproductive to fiocusing attention on solutions and building ladders of opportunity.C) Today's faces of income inequality and lack of opportunity look like all of us. Its Anna Landre, a disabled Georgetown University student fighting to keep health benefits that allow her the freedom to live her life. It's Tiffanie Standard, a counselorfor young women of color inai>hiladelphia'who want to betechentrepreneurs-butwhomustworZmultiplejobstostayafloat. It'i Ken Outlaw, a welder in rural North Carolina whose dream of going back to school at a local community college was dashed by Hurricane Florence-just one otthe extreme weather events that have tipped the balance for struggling Americans across the nation.D) If these are the central characters of our story about poverty, what layers of perceptions, myths, and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support? In pursuit of revealing this complicated reality. Mothering tustice, led by women of color, went lait year to the state capital in Lansing, Michigan, to lobbyon issues that affect working mothers. One of the Mothering Justice , otganizers went to the office of a state representative to talk about the lack of affordable childcare- the vestiges (®ii.) of a system that expected mothers to stay home with their children while their husbands worked. A legislative staffer dismissed the activist's concerns, telling her "my husband iook care of that-I stayed home."E) That comment, says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson, '"was meant to shame" and relied on the familiar notion that a woman of color concerned about income inequality and programs that promote mobility must by definition beaa single* mom, probably with multiple kids. In this cage, the Mothering Justice activist happened to be married. And in mosfi cases in the America of 2019z the images that come to mind when we hear the words polity or income' inequality fail miserably in lmf!t2020¥12 27reflecting a complicated reality poverty touches virtually all of us. The face of income inequality, for all but a very few of usz is the one we each see in the mirror.F) How many of us arep r in the U. S. ? It depends on who you ask. According to the Census Bureau, 38 million people in the U. & are living blow the official poverty thresholds. Taking into account economic need beyond that absolute measure, the Institute for Policy Studies fiound that 140 million people are poor or low-if me. That's almost halt the U. S. population.G) Whatever the measure, within that massive group, poverty is extremely diverse. We know that some people a re more affected than others, like children, the elderly, people with disabilities, and pqple of color.H) But the factthat4in 10 ;Americans can't coue up with $.400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason economic insbilitj stretches across race, gender, and geography. It even reaches into the middle classes, as real wages Oave stagnated (for alt but the very wealthy and temporary spells of financial instability are not uncommon.I) Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it. The big American myth is that you can pull yoursif up by your own efforts and change a bad situation into a good one. The reality is that finding opportunity without hetp from families, friends, schools, and community is virtually impossible. And the playing fiel4 is nothing close to level.J) The Frameworks Institute, a research group that focuses on public framing of issues, has studied what sustains stereotypes and' narratives of poverty in the Unified Kingdom. "People view economic success and wellbeing in lite as a product of choice, wiltpower, and drive/* says Nat Kendall-Taylor, CEO of Frameworks. nWhen we see people who are struggling/' he saysr those assumptions 'J lead us to the perception that, peqple in poverty are lazy, they don't care； and they haven't made the right decisions."AK) Does this sound familiar? Similar ideas surround poverty in the U.&. And these assumptions give a false picture of reality." When people enter into that patfiern of thinking/' says Kendall-Taylor,n it's cognitively qfifortable tQ make sense of issues of poverty in that way. It creates a kind of cognitive blindness-all of the factors exfiernalto a person's drive and choices thatthey've made become invisible and fade from view."Those ex_fiernal factors incfude the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race, gender, or ability. Assumptions get worse when people who are poor use government benefits to help them surviye. There is a great tension between "the poor" and those who are receiving what has become a dirty word "welfare."L) According to the General Social Sqrvey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too little on "assistance to the. poor.。On the other hand, 22 percent think we are spending too little on "weltare" 37 percent believe we are spending too much.M) “ Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color-speciiically black women and black mothers/' says Atkinson of Mothering tustice. It's true that black mothers are more affected by poverty than many other groups, yet they are .disproportionately the face of poverty. For example, Americans routinelyoverestimatetheshareofblackrecipients of publicassistance programs.N) In reality, most people .will experience some form of financial hardship at some point in their lives. Indeed, pele tendio dip in and out of poverty, perhaps due to unexpected obstacles like losing a job,Im。2020 12 Jj 28or when hours of a low-wage job fluctuate.O) Something each of us can do is to treat each other with the dignity