新目标人教版七年级下册英语期中考试知识点和语法总结.doc

新目标人教版七年级下册英语期中考试知识点和语法总结七年级下册英语 Unit1 Can you play the guitar? 一、知识梳理：短语归纳 1.play chess 下国际象棋 2.play the guitar 弹吉他 3.speak English 说英语 4.English club 英语俱乐部 5.talk to 跟说 6.play the violin 拉小提琴 7.play the piano 弹钢琴 8.play the drums 敲鼓 9.make friends 结交朋友 10.do kung fu 表演 (中国) 功夫 11.tell stories 讲故事 12.play games 做游戏 13.on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 1.play +球类/棋类/ 牌类 下棋，打球 ，打牌 2.play the +西洋乐器 弹/拉乐器 3.be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth.擅长做某事 4.be good with sb.对某人有办法，善于应付某人 5.need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事 6.can + 动词原形 能/会做某事 7.join the club 加入俱乐部 8.like to do sth./like doing sth.喜欢做某事 用法集萃 典句必背 1.Can you draw? Yes, I can./ No, I cant.2.What club do you want to join? I want to join the chess club.3.You can join the English club.4.Sounds good./That sounds good.5.I can speak English and I can also play soccer.6.Please call Mrs.Miller at 555-3721.二、语法探究 .情态动词 概念：情态动词表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如：需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。特点：形式上没有人称和数的变化，有的也没有时态的变化；不能单独作谓语，因为情态动词本身词义不完全；必须和不带“to”的动词原形连用。意义：情态动词一般有多个意义。否定式：情态动词的否定式一般为在其后加not。一般疑问式：一般疑问句通常将其提到句首。.情态动词can的用法 A.意义 1.表示_。如：He can speak English very well.他英语说得很好。She can sing some English songs.她会唱几首英文歌曲。2.表示_。如：You can play the violin after school every day.每天下课后你可以拉小提琴。Students cant take cell phones or players to school.学生不允许带手机或到学校。3.表示_。如：Can you tell me an English story? 你能给我讲个英语故事吗？ Could you help me with my English? 你能帮我学英语吗？ 温馨提示：上句中的could 是can 的过去式，用在一般现在时的句子中，表示比can更客气的请求。4.cant 表示_。如：Is that Mr.Smith? 那是史密斯先生吗？ That cant be him.He is in New York now.那不可能是他。他现在在纽约呢。B.句型变化 肯定句：He can play the _drums.否定句：He _play the drums.一般疑问句：_he _the drums? 两种回答：Yes, he _ /No, he _ 对画线部分提问：_he play? 易错点针对训练 .单项选择 ( )1.Can you _him to s smoking? Sure.AtellBsayCtalkDspeak ( )2.The little boy _English very_.Aspeaks; good Bspeaks; well Csays; well Dtells; well .用good或 well 填空 1.He is a _student; he is _and studies_.2.The food smells _and it sells _.使用适当的介词填空 1.Running is good_a mans health.2.Parents arent always good _their children.3.The lady is very good _her cat.4.If you are not good _driving, youd better keep the car away.使用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The book is very _(interest).2.I need a_(rela_) holiday.3.Are you _(interest) in music? 4.He doesnt feel _(rela_) when he is at work.三、单元话题作文：假设王宏学校的英语广播站急需招一名英语广播员，王宏擅长英语，他想加入英语广播站。请根据下面关于王宏的信息，帮助他写一份不少于60词的申请。Name Wang Hong Age 15 Like English, music, sports Things sing English songs, dance,play the guitar Telephone Number 8934-5862 E-mail wanghong126. 要求：1.语句通顺、语意连贯；2.申请要包括表格中的所有信息；3.申请的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear Sir, My name is Wang Hong.Im 15.I want to join the English radio station and work with you.I like English a lot.And I love music.I do sports every day.I can sing English songs very well.I can also dance.I do well in playing the guitar.I think I can be good at this job.If you need me, please call me at 8934-5862.Or, you can e-mail me at wanghong126.I hope to get your letter soon。Yours, Wang Hong Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 一、知识梳理：短语归纳 1.what time 几点 2.go to school 去上学 3.get up 起床 4.take a shower 洗淋浴 5.brush teeth 刷牙 6.get to 到达 7.do homework 做家庭作业 8.go to work 去上班 9.go home 回家 10.eat breakfast 吃早饭 11.get dressed 穿上衣服 12.get home 到家 13.eitheror 要么要么 14.go to bed early 早点上床睡觉 15.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上 16.take a walk=go for a walk 散步 17.lots of=a lot of 许多，大量 18.take for a walk带去散步 19.at night 在晚上 20.be late for=arrive late for 迟到  21.eat quickly 吃的快 22.an interesting job 一份有趣的工作 23.after that 在那之后 24.play sports =do sports做运动 25.healthy habits 健康的饮食习惯 26.for breakfastlunchdinner 对于早餐、午餐、晚餐而言 27.eat lots of fruit and vegetables 吃大量的水果和蔬菜 用法集萃 1.at + 具体时间点 在几点（几分）2.eat/have breakfast/ lunch/dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 3.thirtyhalf past +基数词 点半 4.fifteena quarter to +基数词 差一刻钟到点 5.take a/an +名词 从事活动 6.from to 从到 7.need to do sth.需要做某事 典句必背 1.What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点钟起床？ I usually get up at si_ thirty.我通常6:30起床。2.Thats a funny time for breakfast.那是个有趣的早餐时间。3.When do students usually eat dinner? 学生们通常什么时候吃完饭？ They usually eat dinner at a quarter to seven in the evening.他们通常在晚上6:45吃晚饭。4.In the evening, I either watch TV or play puter games.在晚上，我要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。5.At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.在十二点，她午餐吃很多水果和蔬菜。6.She knows its not good for her, but it tastes good.她知道它对她没好处，但是尝起来很好。7.Here are your clothes.这是你的衣服。8.It tastes good.尝起来好吃。9.I have a very healthy life.我有一个非常健康的生活 二、语法探究 .一般现在时态特殊疑问句的结构 1.结构：特殊疑问词 be 主语？ 特殊疑问词 助动词do/does 主语 实义动词？ When/What time is the party? When do you go to school? What time does he go to work? 常用的特殊疑问词：_/_(什么时候), _(什么地方), _(谁), _(谁的), _(如何)。2.对画线部分提问：(1)They get dressed at si_._they get dressed? (2)She takes a walk at nine._she _a walk? (3)He usually swims in the lake._he _？ (4)Jack goes to school on foot. _Jack _to school? 温馨提示：what time 对具体某一时刻进行提问；when 对笼统时间进行提问。.英语时间表示法 1.使用数字(_数 _数)。如：7：20seven twenty ; 8: 55eight fifty-five。2.使用介词(past或to)。当分钟数30分钟时，使用介词_， “分钟数 past 小时数”。如：9：10ten minutes past nine; 10: 30half past ten; 当分钟数30分钟时，使用介词_，“(60分钟数) to (小时数1)”。如：11: 40twenty minutes to twelve.温馨提示：(1)特殊时间段的表示法：30分钟可以使用_代替；15 分钟可以使用_代替。如：5: 30 half past five; 9: 45a quarter to ten。(2)在某一时刻使用介词_。(3)提问时间使用：“What time is it？” 或“Whats the time？” .英语中的频度副词的用法 英语中常用的频度副词及含义：_(总是；一直)， _(通常), _(从来没有)，_(有时候) 等，常用在行为动词前。如：I usually take a walk after dinner.晚饭后我经常散步。He never goes to school late.他上学从不迟到。They sometimes eat lunch at school.他们有时候在学校吃午饭。易错点针对训练 .单项选择 ( )1.Either you or she _on duty today, dont forget it.OK, I wont.Ais Bam Care Dbe ( )2.My parents ask me to finish my homework _after school.Its a good habit.AoneBfirstCones Donce .用first, one, ones 或 once 填空 1.He is the _in the English test.2.Please have an le.Thanks, I have _.3.These les are green, and the red _are in the basket.4.He cleans his car _a week.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Either she or I _(be) busy this week.2.Either you or he _(be) at work now.3.There _(be) two books and a pen on the desk.4._(arrive) at school on time, he gets up very early.同义句转换 He has a job in town.He has _in town.三、 单元话题作文：主题：谈论日常作息习惯 My School Day I am a student.I usually get up at seven, and I eat breakfast at seven thirty.Then I go to school at eight.School starts at eight thirty.I have seven classes a day.I eat lunch at twelve.I go home at 17:00.I often eat dinner at 19:00 and then play the piano.I do my homework at 20:00.At 22:00, I go to bed.That is my school day.Unit 3 How do you get to school? 一、单元知识梳理：短语归纳 1.get to school 到达学校 2.take the subway 乘地铁 3.ride a bike 骑自行车 4.how far 多远 5.from home to school 从家到学校 6.every day 每天 7.take the bus 乘公共汽车 8.by bike 骑自行车 9.bus s 公共汽车站 10.think of 认为 11.between and 在和之间 12.one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 13.play with 和玩 14.e true 实现 15.have to 不得不 16.get home on foot=walk home 步行回家 17.ten minuteswalk 步行十分钟的路程 18.two hundred people 两百人 19.hundreds of books 成百上千本书 1.take to = go to by 乘去 2.How do / does （sb.）get to ? 是怎样到的？ 3.How far is it from to ? 从到有多远？ 4.It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 5.How long does it take to do sth.? 做花费多长时间？ 6.It is + adj.+ to do sth.做某事是.的 7.Thanks for + sth./ doing sth.感谢你（做）某事 用法集萃 典句必背 1.How do you get to school? 你怎么去上学？ I ride my bike.我骑自行车。2.-How far is it from your home to school? 从你家到学校有多远？ -Its about 数字 kilometers./Its about ten minutes drive.大约公里。/大约十分钟的车程。3.-How long does it take you to get to school? 去上学花费你多久？ -It takes me about 数字 minutes/hours.大约需要分钟/小时。4.For many students, it is easy to get to school.对很多学生来说，很容易到达学校。5.There is a very big river between their school and the village.在他们学校和村庄之间有一条很大的河流。二、语法探究 .how引导的一般现在时态的特殊疑问句 1.特殊疑问词how提问动作的_。如：How do you go to school? “你如何上学呢？” I ride my bike to school.“我骑自行车去上学。” 2.表达动作行为的方式， 使用动词take (乘坐)、ride (乘车) 、walk(步行)、fly(乘飞机)等；使用介词by等。主语 take/ride/walk/fly to 地点主语 go to 地点 by 交通工具。如：(1)He takes the plane to Beijing.He _Beijing.He goes to Beijing by _.(2)She walks to school.She goes to school _.how far 与 how long的区别 how far是提问两地之间的_，how long 用来提问 _或某个事物的_。如：It is five kilometers from my home to my school.(距离) _is it from your home to your school? The river is 1,000 kilometers long.(距离) _is the river? The meeting is 2 hours.(时间段) _is the meeting? .hundred的两种用法 1.hundreds of 名词复数，“数以百记的，成百上千的，”表示一种“_”；2.数字 hundred 名词复数， “百”，表示“_”。如：There are hundreds of people on the island.岛屿上有成百上千的人。He has five hundred interesting books.他有五百本有趣的书籍。易错点针对训练 .单项选择 ( )1.The island is the biggest one _islands.Aamong hundred of Bamong three hundred Cbetween hundreds of Dbetween three hundreds ( )2._takes the old man a long time _the door of his own.AIt; to open BIt; opening CThat; to open DThat; opens .用among或between填空 1.In the word “map”， letter “a” stands _letter “m” and letter “p”.2.Look! There is a man standing _the students.He is our teacher.根据汉语提示完成句子 1.He has _(两百本) storybooks at home.2._(成百上千的) people are rela_ing on the square on hot summer nights.同义句转换 1.The girl is five years old.She is a _girl.2.He spends half an hour watching TV every night._him thirty minutes _TV every night.三、单元话题写作 主题：上学的交通方式 写作思路：开篇点题：点出自己的出行方式；具体内容：自己选择这种交通方式的原因；结束语: 表明自己的观点。The Best Way for Me to Go to School Different students go to school in different ways in our school, but I like to go to school on foot.First, I live near the school, so my home is not far from my school.And it takes me a few minutes to get there.Second, there is a crossing on my way to school, and sometimes the traffic is very busy.I think it is safer to go to school on foot.Third, I think walking is good for my health.Its also good e_ercise.Its a kind of sport and it makes me study better.So I think the best way to go to school is on foot.What about you? Unit 4 Dont eat in class.短语归纳 1.on time 准时，按时 2.listen to 听 3.in class 在课上 4.be/arrive late for class/work 上课/上班迟到 5.have to 不得不 6.be/keep quiet 安静 7.leave for Shanghai 动身前往上海 8.go out to eat/play外出去吃饭/去玩  9.do/wash the dishes 清洗餐具 10.make breakfast for sb. 做早饭  11.make (ones) bed 铺床 12.be noisy 吵闹  12.fight with sb.和某人打架 13.keep ones hair short 留短发 14.play with sb. 和某人一起玩 15.wear a uniform 穿校服 16.have fun doing sth.玩得高兴 17.arrive in Beijing/at school到北京/到学校 18.arrive home 到家 19. make/follow/break the rules 制订/遵守/违反规则 用法集萃 1.祈使句 Be+adj./ V原形+ Dont + be+ adj./ Dont + 动词原形+ No+Ving/+名词复数  / Never+ 2.Let sb.do sth./ Let sb.not do sth./ Dont let sb.do sth.3.too many + 可数名词复数 too much +不可数名词 太多的 much too+adj.太much too hy  4.practice doing sth.练习做某事 5.be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 6.be strict in sth.对某事要要求严格 7.leave sth.sp.把某物忘在某地 8.keep + 宾语+形容词 使保持某种状态 9.learn to do sth.学会做某事 10.remember to do sth.记得去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 11.have to do sth. 不得不做某事 12.Its important for us to follow the rules at school.典句必背 1.Dont arrive late for class.上课不要迟到。2.Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？ 3.And we always have to wear the school uniform.并且我们总是不得不穿校服。4.There are too many rules! 有太多的规则！ 5.Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! 不要把脏盘子留在厨房里！ 6.I have to keep my hair short.我不得不留短发。二、语法探究：.祈使句 定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫_句。时态：使用_时态。结构：动词原形其他成分 please.否定祈使句在动词原形前面_。如：Be quiet in the classroom, please.在教室里请保持安静。Dont fight.不要打架。.情态动词have to 和must 1.情态动词have to和must都表示“_”的意思。have to 表示从_条件上来看必须做某事；must表示说话人_必须要做某事。如：There is no bus, you have to walk home.(没有公交车是客观条件) 没有公共汽车，你必须走回家。I must study English well.(想学好英语是一种主观想法) 我必须要学好英语。2.have to有_、_和_的变化，而must 只有一种形式。如：He has to stay at home, its raining.他必须待在家中，下雨了。3.在否定结构中dont have to表示“_”， 而mustnt表示“_”。如：You dont have to wait for him.你没必要等他。You mustnt play with fire.Its dangerous.你禁止玩火。那很危险。练习：( )1.Can I go to the park, Mum? Certainly.But you _be back before si_ oclock.A.can B.may C.might D.must ( )2.You _s when the traffic light turns red.A.can B.have to C.need D.had better ( )3._e late to school tomorrow! A.Do B.Does C.Be D.Dont ( )4.下面哪句话是祈使句？ A.Hi, there.B.Here you are.C.Be quick.D.No way! 易错点针对训练 .用wear，put on 或 dress 填空。1.He _his coat and goes out.2.She is _a red skirt today.3.The little child can_himself now.用too many, too much 或 much too 填空。1.There are _people and _traffic in the street.Its _crowded.2.Watching TV _is bad for our health.用 too, also 或 either 填空。1.He speaks English.He can _speak Chinese.2.I like Mount Tai.