Unit 5 单元测试题-学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册(含答案).docx

Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）第二局部阅读（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。AMTRAK TURNS 50SEATTLECHICAGOCHICAGOPORTLANDEMERYVILLELOS ANGELESAmtrak, America's national railroad network, was set up half a century ago. We celebrate Amtrak's routes （路线）over US railways.LOS ANGELES65 HRS 20 MINS, Texas Eagle, 2, 728 milesEMERYVILLE51 HRS 20 MINS, California Zephyr, 2,438 milesPORTLAND46 HRS, Empire Builder, 2,255 milesSEATTLE46 HRS, Empire Builder, 2,205 miles48. A. expected49. A. At first50. A. research51. A. families52. A. hurt53. A. strange54. A. believe55. A. thoughB. decidedB. Above allB. businessB. relationshipsB.saddenedB. difficultB. understandB. unlessC. realizedC. In additionC. interviewsC. dramasC. encouragedC. beautifulC. acceptC. onceD. hopedD. For exampleD. testsD. lifestylesD. attractedD. satisfyingD. imagineD. before第二节（共10小题；每题L5分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Pinyin is a Romanization system 56.(use) to learn Mandarin (普通话). It describes the sounds of Mandarin using the Western (Roman) alphabet (字母表). Commonly, Pinyin is used for 57.(teach) school children to read. And it is also 58.(wide) used in teaching Westerners who wish to learn Mandarin.Pinyin was developed in the 1950s and is now the official Romanization system of China, Singapore, and the American Library Association. Library standards make it 59.(easy) to find Chinese language materials than before. A worldwide standard also helps the exchange of information between organizations in various 60.(country).Learning Pinyin is important. Pinyin provides a comfortable base 61.anyone trying to learn Mandarin: it looks familiar (熟悉的).It offers a way 62.(read) Chinese without using Chinese characters a major 63.(difficult) for foreigners who want to learn Mandarin. Pinyin is not perfect. It uses many letter combinations (组合)64.are unknown in English and other Western languages. Anyone who has not studied Pinyin is likely to mispronounce the spellings. Although there are some disadvantages of Pinyin. 65.is best to have a single system of Romanization for the Mandarin language.第四局部写作(共两节，总分值40分)第一节（总分值15分）假定你是李华，你所在的学校将举办以“汉字的演变”为主题的活动。请给 你的留学生朋友Elsa写封邮件邀请她参加，内容包括：1 .活动的时间以及地点；2 .活动的内容。注意：写作词数应为80左右。第二节（总分值25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完 整的短文。My family hadn't done anything different in forever. So when my aunt Jen invited us to the outdoor spring celebration at her farm last month, I was so excited that I decided to make an extra-special treat. "Yummy!” my little sister said, stealing a sweet.“That飞 enough, Indi!” I said. "I need those for my lambs （羔羊）!”“I didn't know lambs liked sweets J She laughed.I laughed too. "Tm not feeding them to the lambs. I'm making lamb decorations （装饰）fbr my cupcakes.” "I want to help!” she said.“Me too!” said my brother.“OK J I said. "I guess you two can decorate your own.”Of course, they used way too many sweets.“I have the fluffiest （最蓬松的）sheep of all!” said Tex.“Mine is fluffier!said Indi.“They look equally fluffy to me J I said. "Maybe they9 re twins, just like you.” “Okey-dokey!” said my dad. "The picnic goes from twelve to three. We'd betterget a move on!” First, we had to wait for Tex to find his shoes. Next, as we were driving down the road, we had to go back to the house because my mom forgot herwallet. Then, about halfway to Aunt Jen's house, we had to drive far out of our way to find a place fbr Indi to use the restroom. After that, my parents decided it'd be quicker to take this one little side road as a shortcut. But the shortcut ended up turning into a long cut! We drove forever on a winding road, and just when we were in the middle of nowhere, our car started making a strange noise.“Sorry J said my mom. "We're going to have to pull over and call roadside services.”"Nooo!” I said. "We're already late.”“Don't worry J said my dad. "I'm sure help will arrive soon.” 注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在相应位置作答。But as you can probably guess by the way this story has gone so far, help did not arrive soon at all.At first, we kids weren't exactly jumping up and down about picnicking there.1-20 略21-25 ADDCB41-45 DCABA56. used59. easier62. to read26-30 DCBDA46-50 CBCDA57. teaching60. countries63. difficulty参考答案31-35 ABCAD51-55 BDCBD58. widely61. for / to64. that / which36-40 DEFAG65.it写作 第一节One possible version:Dear Elsa,I'm writing to invite you to take part in an activity held by our school next Friday from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. in the school hall.The activity will focus on the history and development of Chinese characters. Related pictures and films will be shown during the period. Besides, I heard some experts would be invited to give speeches. I know you're interested in Chinese culture so I believe you will like it.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua 第二节One possible version:But as you can probably guess by the way this story has gone so far, help did not arrive soon at all. "We're going to miss everything!,9 said Tex. "Not fair!" said Indi. “Look on the bright side J said Dad. "Our car couldn't have picked a prettier place to break down.” “I agree/9 Mom said. "How about we walk over to that wildflower field and have our own springtime celebration? I'm sure Aunt Jen wouldn't mind if we ate the potato salad and fruit/9At first, we kids weren 7 exactly jumping up and down about picnicking there. But as we started looking around, cool things started happening. 66Look! Mom pointed at two rabbits happily eating grass. "We're not the only ones who think this is a good place for a picnic." Just then, we heard a big sound, and hundreds of birds rose up out of the trees, and flew into the sky! I said, "That is the most magical thing I've ever seen in my life! All in all, it was a pretty special picnic.局部解析阅读第一节A篇主题语境：人与社会历史、社会与文化本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国国家铁路客运公司（Amtrak）的概况。21. Ao细节理解题。比照四条线路的距离可知，洛杉矶芝加哥这一路线是 最长的。四条线路中的 Texas Eagle> California Zephyr> Empire Builder 均为列 车名。22. Do细节理解题。根据第一个表格中的21,000 The number of route miles covered by Amtrak. It takes in 46 states, as well as Washington, D. C. and three Canadian provinces可知，21,000代表Amtrak的火车所行驶的英里数。23. Do细节理解题。根据第二个表格中的The first train run by Amtrak in 1971 was The Clocker可知，Amtrak公司的第一辆火车于1971年开始运行。补充说明：Amtrak：美国国家铁路客运公司（National Railroad Passenger Corporation of the USA）,常用商标为Amtrak,简称美国国铁或美铁，是美国唯一一家长途和城 际铁路客运公司，创立于1971年5月1日，总部位于美国哥伦比亚特区华盛顿 联合车站。Amtrak是一个由英文美国（America）和铁轨（track）组成的混成leaf-peeping： 赏叶B篇主题语境：人与自我生活与学习本文是夹叙夹议文。作者是来自美国的外教，他觉得中国人讲的英语有时 候很奇怪。24. Co 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 As soon as I said this, all of the students looked surprised. I knew I had said something wrong. I realized that instead of telling them that everybody brings gifts to the hun li for the couple, I had said people bring gifts for them at the li 可知，学生们感到惊讶是因为作者把“婚礼”说成了“离 婚”。25. Bo 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 It is a result of first thinking in Chinese and then translating each word in the sentence into English 可知，作者认为中国人有时 讲的英语很奇怪的一个原因是用汉语思考，再逐字翻译成英语。26. Do 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 However, when we leave a car, we say "get out of the car”. Perhaps the student had learned "get off “ means xia in Chinese and he thought the phrase could be followed by any means of transportation. To avoid such mistakes, you should take collocations seriously 可知,作者认为这个学生之所以那 么说是因为在平常学习时没有注意词语的搭配。27. Co推理判断题。根据最后一段中的If you have a chance to hear a native speaker from an English-speaking country, practice repeating what you hear. They can teach you how to have a conversation可知，作者给想要提高会话技能的英语 学习者提供了建议要多跟来自英语国家的人学习。C篇主题语境：人与社会历史、社会与文化本文是说明文。文章介绍了德语开展的历史。28. Bo 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Experts believe the basis of the German language, Proto - Germanic, began to develop about 2000 BCE, as people began to live in western areas of the Baltic Sea可知，专家认为德语最先是由约公元前2000 年的原始日耳曼语开展而来的。29. Do 写作目的题。第三段中的 As with many languages, German has developed along with society and sociopolitical factors have helped shape the language into what it is today为本段中心句，指出德语的开展受到了多种因素的影响，包括其他语 言、移民、战争、贸易以及科技开展，之后作者用具体的事例对这一观点进行 了解释说明。30. Ao 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 A major influence on the standardization of German was Martin Luther's German translation of an influential book in 1522. That “style“ was largely based on the language used at the Saxon court. This became the basis of what we know as German today可知,马丁潞德翻译的著作为当代德 语的开展奠定了基础。31. Ao主旨大意题。文章介绍了德语从原始日耳曼语开展为当代德语的过程， 并指出了开展过程中的影响因素。由此可知，本文主要介绍的是德语开展的历 史。补充说明：Proto-Germanic：原始日耳曼语，或共同日耳曼语(Common Germanic), 是猜测中存在的一个所有日耳曼语族语言的共同祖先。D篇主题语境：人与自我生活与学习本文是议论文。作者认为，在数字化时代，学习书写汉字仍是十分必要 的。32. Bo 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 I still remember looking at Chinese and not understanding anything it said and yet feeling a strong attraction. In fact, some students start learning Chinese because of the characters 可知，作者认为汉字吸引 了一局部外国人学习汉语。33. Co 推理判断题。第二段中作者提出 Is it really necessary to learn how to write by hand in Chinese?这一问题，之后提至U When using smartphones or computers, we can use phonetic input systems, which choose the characters we want for us as long as we can remember how they are pronounced, 指出人们在手机或者电脑上借 助语音输入系统就可以找到对应的汉字，因此可以推断有人质疑在电子时代学 习书写汉字的必要性。34. Ao 篇章结构题。根据第三段中的 But unless you don't care about written language at all, you should leam the basics of handwriting. Without it, it will be very hard to understand characters可知，作者认为，如果不了解书法的基本知识，理 解汉字会很难，人们需要通过掌握一些基本的书写知识来进一步理解汉字。因 此，此处this指代“理解汉字”。35. Do推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为，汉语学习者应该掌握最基 本的500个汉字，甚至可以根据自己的需要扩大到1,000个。因此可以推断， 作者支持汉语学习者学习书写汉字。第二节主题语境：人与自我生活与学习本文是说明文。文章介绍了学习第二语言的好处。36. Do D项总领全文，指出学习第二语言有很多好处，下文作了具体介绍。37. Eo E 项与上文中的 Learning a second language improves your memory.Becoming bilingual exercises your brain, challenges you to concentrate, and improves your problem-solving skills为语义上的顺承关系，指出学习第二语言可以增强记 忆、强化大脑、提高成绩。且该项与本局部小标题You become smarter相照 应。38. Fo F 项与下文中的 Traveling through a foreign country becomes much easier if you can speak the language of that country为语义上的顺承关系，指出学习第二语 言可以帮助人们拓宽旅行的目的地。F项中的vacation与本局部中的traveling 为近义词复现关系。39. Ao 卜文中的 Researchers are also saying that people who can speak different languages are more creative than monolingual speakers 指出， 学习 夕卜语可 以使人变 得更有创造性。本句中的creative与A项中的creativity为原词复现关系，故A 项为此处小标题。40. Go G 项中的 Confident 与上文 Confidence increases when a new skill is mastered, and learning a foreign language is no different 中的 Confidence 为原词复 现关系，指出学习外语可以让人变得更有自信。补充说明：Ludwig Wittgenstein：路德维希维特根斯坦，出生于奥地利，后入英国籍。维 特根斯坦是20世纪最有影响力的哲学家之一，其研究领域主要在数学哲学、精 神哲学和语言哲学等方面。语言运用第一节主题语境：人与自我生活与学习本文是记叙文。作者被一部中国的玄幻剧吸引，感受到了中文的魅力，并 决定开始学习中文。41. Do 42. Co 根据上文中的 Fve always been fascinated by languages, but Tve never been any good at learning them可知，作者虽然总是被语言吸引，但是并不 擅长学习它们。在法语课上，作者从不“注意(paid attention to) ”课上所学知 识，因此老师对作者的表现感到很不“高兴(happy)Ao根据下文中的I've startedseveral others可知，此处是在讲述作者对“语 言(language) ”的兴趣是从何时开始的。43. Bo 根据下文中的 They include Latin, Russian, Spanish, and probably several others. None of them stuck可知，作者学习了很多语言，包括拉丁语、俄语、西 班牙语以及其他语言，所学语言多到自己都不“记得(remember) ”，但是没有 一门语言坚持学习了下来。44. Ao 根据空前的 And then came lockdown 以及空后的 still be able to work from home可知，封城后，作者因为能够继续居家办公而感到很“幸运(lucky)Co 47. B。根据语境可知，当晚上或者周末作者感到“无聊(bored) ”的时 候，他就会浏览一些电视节目来看。这也让作者“发现了(found) ”一部人物关 系复杂的中国玄幻剧。48. Co 49. Do根据语境可知，作者看到一半时“意识到(realized) ”很多中文台 词和英文翻译是不匹配的。”例如(Forexample) ”，一个演员不是直接被称呼 名字，而是被叫做“师姐”。50. Ao根据语境可知，作者进行了一些“研究(research) ”，发现自己遇到了困 难。51. Bo 根据上文中的 a Chinese fantasy drama filled with complex relationshipss 空前的 Shijie, which I learned can be translated as "martial sister”,以及下文中的 So many different words fbr “aunt"，“uncle" and "grandfather"！ Characters with more than one name可知，这部电视剧的人物关系很复杂，而“师姐”这一称谓让作者 见识到了中国人物“关系(relationships)”的复杂性。诸如“aunt”、“uncle”以及 “grandfather”都有不同的称谓。52. Do 53. Co根据语境可知，作者不仅因为中文和文化有着紧密的联系而被 “吸引(attracted) ”，同时他还认为中文是一门富有诗意的、“美丽的(beautiful) ”语言。54. Bo 55. Do根据语境可知，作者不想看翻译的语言，想要“理解(understand) ”最原始的资料，哪怕在实现这一目标”之前(before) ”需要花费 很长时间。第二节主题语境：人与社会历史、社会与文化本文是说明文。文章介绍了汉语拼音。56. usedo考查动词-ed形式作定语。此处表示“用于学习普通话的体系”， Romanization system与use之间为被动关系，故填动词-ed形式作后置定语修饰 Romanization system oteachingo考查动词-ing形式作宾语。设空处作介词for的宾语，故填 teaching。57. widelyo考查副词。设空处修饰动词used,故填widely。58. easiero考查形容词比拟级。根据下文中的than before可知，此处应用形容 词比拟级，故填easierocountrieso考查可数名词复数。country意为“国家”，为可数名词，根据空前 的various可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填countrieso59. for / too考查固定搭配。provide sth for7 tosb为某人提供某物。60. to reado考查动词不定式作定语。way后常跟动词不定式作定语，表示“做 某事的方法”，故填to read。61. difficultyo考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填名词 difficulty othat/whicho考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词letter combinations,且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词that/whicho62. ito考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结 构,故填it。In numbers184The number of Amtrak trains running each day in 1971. Today, it runs 300 daily, carrying nearly 85,700 passengers.32.5mThe number of Amtrak passenger trips made in the 2019 fiscal year （财政年 度）.21,000The number of route miles covered by Amtrak. It takes in 46 states, as well as Washington, D.C. and three Canadian provinces （省）.Built in 1955, Amtrak's old-style Great Dome railcar showed landscapes （风 景）in California, New Mexico, Arizona and its final tour of duty （责任）in 2019 一 Albany to Montreal, a prize ticket in leaf-peeping season.All change: You can't cross the US on one train. Routes that travel east and west end in Chicago or New Orleans.The first train run by Amtrak in 1971 was The Clocker, which headed to Philadelphia from New York City shortly after midnight.21. Which of the following routes is the longest?A. LOS ANGELES-CHICAGO.B. EMERYVILLE-CHICAGO.C. PORTLAND-CHICAGO.D. SEATTLE-CHICAGO.22. What does the number “21,000" refer to?A. Daily Amtrak passengers.B. Places Amtrak has visited.C. Money Amtrak made in 2019.D. Route miles covered by Amtrak.23. What do we know about Amtrak?A. It allows people to cross the US on one train.B. It sent passengers to New York City at first.C. Its service covers the U.S. only.D. Its first train set out in 1971.When I first moved to China in 1998,1 thought I would impress my class by using some Chinese in my speech about American weddings （婚礼）.I told them everyone brings a gift to the wedding for the couple. As soon as I said this, all of the students looked surprised. I knew I had said something wrong. I realized that instead of telling them that everybody brings gifts to the hun li for the couple, I had said people bring gifts for them at the li hunI get laughs from some of my students because I often make mistakes and my Chinese sounds strange at times. But I tell them that sometimes their English is really strange too.One asksJ'What are you like to do in your free time?” And the other answers, C6I very like basketball. I find that even good English speakers make such mistakes. The second is by far the most common mistake I have heard among Chinese English speakers. It is a result of fi