电大专科建筑施工技术方案设计期末复习试题及参考答案资料小抄.docx

电大专科建筑施工技术方案设计期末复习试题及参考答案资料小抄电大建筑施工技术方案设计复习参考题、答案 一、 单项选择题 1、某土方工程的挖方量为1000m3，已知该土的Ks=1.25，Ks=1.05，实际需运走的土方量是 ( ). A.800m3 B.962m3 C.1250m3 D.1050m3 2、在基坑中常用（ ）用作既挡土又防水的支护结构。A.预制桩 B.深井井点 C.土层锚杆 D.连续钢板桩 3、某土方工程，要求降水深度4m，实测地基上的渗透系数为40m/d，宜选用的井点降水方式是（ ） A.轻型井点 B.深井井点 C.管井井点 D.电渗井点 4、环形轻型井点，井点管围城的面积314m2,则假想半径为（ ）。A5m B.10m C.15m D.20m 5、填方工程的压实质量的指标是（ ）。A.最大干重量 B.压实系数 C.最优含水量 D.干重度 6. 大型场地平整工程，当挖、填深度不大时，土方机械宜选用（ ）。 A.推土机 B.正铲挖土机 C.反铲挖土机 D.抓铲挖土机 7. 土方工程机械中,正向挖土、后方卸土的是（ ）。 A.推土机 B.正铲挖土机 C.反铲挖土机 D.抓铲挖土机 8.羊足碾最相宜碾压（ ）。 A.细纱 B.粗纱 C.粘性土 D.类土 9.钢筋混凝土预制桩主筋的连接宜采纳（ ）。 A.对焊 B.电弧焊 C.电阻点焊 D.埋弧压力焊 10.钢筋混凝土预制桩的混凝土强度达到设计强度的( )时,才可以进行打桩作业。 A.50% B.70% C.90% D.100% 11.基槽（坑）开挖时土方堆置地点，离槽（坑）边一般应在（）以外，堆置高度不宜超过1.5m以免影响土方开挖或塌方。              A、1.0m       B、1.5m     C、2.0m      D、2.5m 12.一般的工业与民用建筑屋面防水等级为（   ）。  A、级           B、级          C、级           D、级 13. 某组砼试块，三块抗压试验结果如下：21N/2、23/2和28N/2，则该组砼强度代表值为（）。A、21N/2  B、23N/2   C、24N/2    D、都不对 14. 起重机滑轮组的省力系数019，钢筋混凝土构件重120kN，卷扬机应选用( )。 AJJM3 BJJK3 CJJM5 DJJK5 15. 柱的临时固定后的校正主要是指( )。 A.柱顶标高 B。牛腿标高 C平面位置 D垂直度 16.三元乙丙橡胶防水油毡是( )。 A.沥青防水卷材 B合成高分子防水卷材 C树脂防水卷材 D高聚物改性沥青防水卷材 17. 充盈系数用于检查（ ）质量事故。 A.断桩 B.吊脚桩 C.缩径桩 D.桩尖进水 18. 当柱距大于4倍桩径时，（ ）。 A.自中间向四周打 B.自两边向中心打 C.由一侧向另一侧打 D.自中间向两侧打 19. .一般黏土砖墙的砌筑，应选用（ ）。 A.水泥砂浆 B.混合砂浆 C.粘土砂浆 D.石灰砂浆 20. 沥青的延长度是表示沥青的( )。 A.粘性 B塑性 C抗老化性 D温度稳定性 二、多项选择题 1. 以下关于砼施工缝留设的位置，正确的是（）。A、高度大于1m的梁不应与板同时浇筑砼          B、单向板可留在平行于短边的任何位置 C、砼墙的施工缝不得留在纵横墙交接处   D、砼栏板的施工缝应与梯段的施工缝相对应 2. 单层工业厂房吊装前的打算工作包括( ) A.场地清理 B铺设道路 C敷设管线 D构件打算 E基础打算 3. 连续多跨屋面卷材的铺设次序应为( )。 A.先高跨后低跨 B先低跨后高跨 C先远后近 D先近后远 E先天沟后屋脊 4. 预制桩根据沉桩方法不同分为（ ）。A.摩擦桩 B.端承桩 C.打入桩 D.静力压桩 E.振动桩 F.水力冲桩 5. 套管成孔灌注桩施工时常发生的工程事故有（ ）。 A.断桩 B缩径桩 C.吊脚桩 D.桩尖破坏 E.孔壁坍塌 6. 下列有关砌筑墙体留直槎的做法正确的是（）。 A、必需在竖向每隔500配置6钢筋B、拉结筋两头须弯90°钩 C、拉结筋须伸出接槎一面500D、每根拉结筋下料时取1000长即可 7. 下列有关屋面防水工程施工质量的叙述中正确的是（）。A、没有由于结构变形引起的裂缝 B、预制屋面板灌缝砼中粗骨料大小不大于15 C、屋面抹砂时在节点处要做好圆角   D、屋面找平层的允许偏差值不宜超过7 8. 分件吊装法与综合吊装法相比的主要优点是( )。 A.效率高 B停机点少 C开行路途短 D能充分发挥起重机性能 E施工组织简洁 9. 泥浆护壁成孔灌注桩施工时常发生的工程事故有（ ）。A.断桩 B.孔壁坍塌 C.孔底隔层或夹砂 D.斜孔 E.流砂 10. 影响填压实质量的主要因素有（）。A、压实功 B、土的含水率 C、土的可松性 D、每层铺土厚度 11.下列属于土方工程的施工特点是( )。 A 工程量大 B 受气候条件影响大 C 施工条件困难 D 受施工四周环境影响大 E 受施工人员素养影响大 12.影响土方边坡大小的因素主要有( )等。 A 挖方深度 B 土质条件 C 边坡上荷载状况 D 土方施工方法 E 排水状况 13.桩排式支护结构常用的构件主要有( )。 A 地下连续墙 B 型钢桩 C 钢板桩 D 钢筋混凝土预制桩 E 混凝土灌注桩 14.土层锚杆的施工工序主要是( )。 A 钻孔 B 插钢筋 C 灌浆 D 防腐处理 E 预应力张拉 15.土钉支护的施工工序主要是( )。 A 成孔 B 插钢筋 C 张拉预应力筋 D 注浆 E 喷射混凝土 16.流砂防治的主要措施有( )等。 A 地下连续墙 B 打钢板桩 C 井点降水 D 集水坑降水 E 抢挖法 17.井点降水的类型主要有( )等。 A 深井井点 B 轻型井点 C 喷射井点 D 管井井点 E 浅井井点 F 电渗井点 18.下列哪些土料不应用作回填土( )。 A.黏土 B 含水量大的黏土 C有机质含量大于8%的土 D砂土 E冻土 19.桩锤根据动力源和动作方式分为（）。 A 落锤 B 动力锤 C 柴油锤 D 单动汽锤 E.双动汽锤 20.桩架的主要作用（）。 .A.悬吊桩捶 B爱护桩身 C引导方向 D吊桩就位 E固定桩位 三、推断正误(每小题 2 分,.共 30 分。在括号内,正确的打“”，错误的打“X”) 1.土方工程根据土的力学性质来分类的( )。 2.砖墙砌筑应采纳混合砂浆( )。 3.深层搅拌法主要用于加固软土地基。( ) 4.施工降水应在基础垫层施工完成后才能停止。( ) 5.流砂防治的途径必需是减小动水压力。( ) 6.流砂现象最简单发生在黏土中。( ) 7.井点降水时一般应连续抽水。( ) 8.换土回填时各类土应掺和运用。( ) 9.压实遍数与压实质量效果成正比。( ) 10.抓铲挖土机的挖土特点是“直上直下,自重切土”。 ( ) 11.钢筋混凝土预制桩的钢筋骨架宜采纳对焊连接。( ) 12.钢筋混凝土预制桩应在混凝土强度等级达到 70%方可运输。( ) 13.打桩依次应从中心向四周打。( ) 14.泥浆在泥浆护壁成孔灌注桩施工中的作用只是防止塌孔。( ) 15.泥浆在泥浆护壁成孔灌注桩施工中清孔工作应支配在钢筋笼下放前进行。( ) 16. 砖墙转角临时间断处，如留斜槎设置困难，也可以留直槎。 （ ） 17. 平移轴线法用来检查屋架的轴线直线度。（ ） 18. 屋架的正向扶直和反向扶直，在扶直过程中的主要区分是：起重机一个升臂、一个降臂操作。（ ） 19. 预应力结构的砼，国家规范指出，砼强度不宜低于C30。（） 20. 有抗震要求的梁、柱，不宜以强度等级较低的钢筋代换原设计中的钢筋。（   ） 四、简答题(每小题 8 分.共 16 分) 1.土方工程的施工特点及主要施工内容。 2.为什么在雨季施工时,土方边坡要留的宽一点? 3.什么是施工缝？留置原则及处理方法是什么？ 4. 简述柱的最终固定方法。 五、计算题(共 14 分) 1、跨度 18m的钢筋混凝土屋架,重 45KN,安装到标高+14.50m处的柱顶,顶面标高 +0.7m屋架的绑扎方法如图所示,试确定起重机的起重量和起重高度。 3.0m 2.0m 2. 钢筋混凝土柱重60kN，柱长6m,安装到标高+60m的框架柱上，吊钩中心踞柱顶2m，采 用W1-100型履带式起重机，停机面标高-050m，确定起重机的起重量和起重高度? 3.已知混凝土的试验室协作比为水泥：砂：石子：水1：2.10：3.23：0.44。现场测定砂的含水率为3%，石子的含水率为1%，试计算施工协作比。若每m3混凝土的水泥用量为280kg，搅拌机出料容量为400，试求搅拌机的一次投料量。 建筑施工技术方案设计复习题答案 一、单项选择题 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.D 11. A 12. C  13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. c 18. C 19. A 20. B 二、多项选择题（本题有一个以上答案，多选或错选均不得分。） 1. ABD 2. ABDE 3. ACE 4. DE 5. ABCD 6. ABC 7. ABC 8. ABDE 9. BCDE 10. ABD 11.ABCD 12.ABCDE 13.CDE 14.ACDE 15.ABDE 16.ABCE 17.ABCDF 18.BCE 19.ACDE 20.ACD 三、推断正误（每小题 2 分，共 30 分。在括号内，正确的打“”，错误的打“X”) 1.X 2. 3. 4.X 5.X 6.X 7.X 8.X 9.X 10. 11. 12.X 13.X 14.X 15.X 16. 17. × 18. 19. 20. X  四、简答题 1、答题要点：工程量大、施工条件困难。露天作业，受地区、气候、水文地质等条件影响大等。 2、答题要点：（1）.雨季进行土方边坡施工时，应增加边坡的宽度。（2）因为雨季施工时， 土的含水量增大，抗剪强度降低，简单引起边坡塌方。 3.答：由于施工技术或组织缘由，导致混凝土浇筑不能连续进行，先浇混凝土已经凝聚硬化、再接着浇筑混凝土时形成的新旧混凝土之间的结合面称为施工缝。留设原则：结构受剪力较小、施工便利； 处理方法：（已浇混凝土强度达1.2N/mm2后，）剔除表面松动、薄弱层水潮湿、冲洗铺一层水泥浆或水泥砂浆接着浇筑。4.答：柱子采纳浇灌细豆石混凝土的方法最终固定，为防止柱子在校正后被大风或木楔变形使柱子产生新偏差，灌缝工作应在校正后马上进行，灌缝时，应将柱底杂物清理干净，并要洒水潮湿。在灌混凝土和振捣时不得碰撞柱子或楔子。灌混凝土之前，应先灌一层稀砂浆使其填满空隙，然后灌细豆石混凝土，但要分两次进行，第一次灌至楔子底，待混凝土强度达到25%后，拔去楔子，再灌满混凝土。第一次灌筑后，柱可能会出现新的偏差，其缘由可能是振捣混凝土时碰动了楔块，或者两面相对的木楔因受潮程度不同，膨胀变形不一产生的，故在其次次灌筑前，必需对柱的垂直度进行复查，如超过允许偏差，应予调整。五、计算题 1、解：起重量 Q = 45 + 2.0 = 47kN 起重高度 H = (14.50 - 0.7) + 3 + 2 + 0.3 = 19.1m 2 、解:Q=Q1+q=60+5=65KN H=h1+h2+h3+h4=(6.0+0.50)+0.2+6.0+2.0=14.7m 3、 施工协作比：1：2.10(1+3%)：3.23(1+1%)=1：2.16：3.26 一次投料量： 水泥：280×0.4=112kg，取100kg 砂：  100×2.16=216kg 石子：100×3.26=326kg 水：（0.442.10×3%3.23×1%）×100=34.47kg 请您删除一下内容，O(_)O感谢！2015年中心电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄请您删除一下内容，O(_)O感谢！2015年中心电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄The battle for young viewers CCTV is embracing Internet culture and working with independent producers on TV shows to woo audiences under 35. Han Bing bin reports. After charming audiences with his warm smile for 14 years, China Central Television host Li Jiaming recently found himself targeted by a group of young netizens unhappy with his style. The complaints came after Li hosted the premiere of Rising Star on Oct 31. It is a singing competition show that originated in Israel. Many young netizens found his hosting style slow and boring and mocked it as “CCTV evening gala style“. They even initiated an online campaign to replace him. The 40-year-old hosts reaction to the criticism was surprising. During the second episode, he jokingly called himself “the slow Jiaming“ and acted much younger, talking faster and louder. “Its like selling a product. When the customers file a complaint, you must change,“ says Li. “In the Internet age, you get feedback very quickly. These young people are so cute. When youre willing to change for them, they will quickly like you back.“ In order to win more young viewers, CCTV is relying on programs such as Rising Star to embrace Internet culture. In Rising Star, a studio audience and fans watching on television vote for their favorite singers in real time, using the instant-messaging app WeChat. Rising Star was designed to be a live broadcast, but the Chinese version isnt because of policy reasons. Still, WeChat votes by viewers at home are still a major factor in determining which contestants advance to the next round. In the shows latest episode, more than 6.5 million votes were cast via WeChat. “Now the competition among entertainment shows is very fierce. Audiences have more diverse needs. CCTV needs to embrace an open attitude, interact with young audiences and blend with the Internet,“ says Lyu Yitao, director of CCTVs entertainment channel. The producer of Rising Star, Enlight Media, says the program will have “a phenomenal effect“ given CCTVs audience base nationwide. “But it comes with a challenge,“ says Zhang Hang, chief producer of the program and CEO of Enlight Medias TV business. Unlike top-ranking provincial satellite channels such as Hunan TV, which have a large base of young fans thanks to a series of phenomenally popular entertainment and reality shows, CCTV productions are usually more conservative and serious, and thus have a much older audience base. “If we were to run this program on Hunan, we may attract twice as many viewers,“ says Zhang. “But since we didnt make it there, we now have to make the best out of the given conditions. And it means we have to make certain compromises.“ When the current season of Rising Star ends, Zhang says his company will conduct an overall evaluation of the program and make adjustments for future seasons. Although audience ratings havent lived up to Zhangs expectations, he says the program has already helped CCTV attract more young people. According to Enlight Media, the number of people ages 15 to 35 who watched the first episode of Rising Star was 76 percent higher than the usual audience for CCTV entertainment productions. In order to attract young audiences, CCTV has been working with independent production companies. As one of CCTVs closest partners, Enlight Media has produced several entertainment and reality shows for the companys channels, including the Chinese version of The Biggest Loser on CCTVs business channel and an original teenager talent show Shaonian Zhongguoqiang (Strong Young Chinese) on CCTV1. This year CCTV also licensed EE-Media, the producer of the popular Super Girl talent shows, to produce the talk show Hi! 2014, hosted by Taiwan pop star Harlem Yu and one of Chinas most popular TV stars Xie Na. The show is geared toward younger audiences. Canxing Productions, which rose to fame with the success of its Voice of China series on Zhejiang TV, also produced two talent shows for CCTV. One is an original production called Songs of China, which ended up as one of CCTVs most watched programs of 2014. The State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television announced earlier this year that, starting in 2015, only one music talent show can be aired nationwide during prime time each season, and there can be only one program based on foreign formats each year. However, domestic media report that such policies dont apply to CCTV, meaning it will become a highly desired platform by production companies. Wang Changtian, CEO of Enlight Media, confirmed to the Shanghai Securities News that its programs scheduled to air on CCTV next year, which include at least two reality shows, wont be affected. A kung fu-themed reality show, produced by Canxing, is also reportedly scheduled to run on CCTV next year. CCTV is “very active. The level of its acceptance of new ideas is even beyond my imagination,“ says Zhang Hang. “Our cooperation with CCTV will surely continue.“ When winter comes, nothing is more relaxing than a hot spring bath. For thousands of years, natural mineral-rich hot spring baths have also been used to relieve health ailments. The water found in natural hot springs contains a variety of different minerals, and the most common one is sulfur. It has a “rotten egg“ smell but is excellent for skin. The sulfur-containing water might be just what the doctor ordered when it comes to relieving pain, stress, itchy skin, arthritis and more. Hot springs resorts are thriving as biting cold winter arrives. Here we take a look at some of the best natural hot springs China has to offer.