【原创】（新高考）2022届选择性必修一 Unit3-Unit5训练卷 A卷 教师版.docx

(新高考)2022届高三一轮单元训练卷选修一 Unit 3-Unit 5 (A)本卷须知：1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准 考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .选择题的作答：每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案 标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在 试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4 .考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡并上交。第一卷（选择题）第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）略第二局部 阅读理解（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题：每题2.5分，总分值37.5分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最正确选项。A（2021 山东济南 5 月模拟）Known for its complicated, seemingly wave I ike sandstone walls and the rays of sunlight that shine into them, Arizona's Antelope Canyon（羚羊峡谷）is an everlasting attraction for tourists. It's a slot （狭缝）canyon, meaning it formed from water can ing it out over millions of years. It sits about 3,700 feet above sea level and takes its name from the antelope that once lived in it.The canyon forms part of Lake Powell Navajo Tribal Park in the Navajo Nation. The Navajo Nation limits visits to either the Upper or Lower Antelope Canyon to two hours and requires all visitors （o be led by authorised guides. If you're planning a （rip and need help with deciding which area io visit, keep these recommendations in mind.When: Tours are available twice a day during the week year-round, though exact times vary by season; tours arc not available on weekends or major holidays.Cost: Tour companies' fees vary, but tickets, including entrance to the park, generally start at around $60 for 90minute tours of Upper Antelope Canyon. Tours of Lower Antelope Canyon tend （o be around an hour and generally cost around S40 per adult and S20 for children.Must-know tip: Most of Arizona does not follow daylight saving lime （夏令时），though the Navajo Nation, where Antelope Canyon is located, does. Check with your tour operator to confirm the precise time of your tour.Antelope Canyon receives tons of visitors and, in order to protect the canyon walls from damage, no bags of any kind are permitted in either the Upper or Lower section. Also keep in mind （hat while most tour companies welcome small children, not all of them will.1. What makes Antelope Canyon attractive?A. Its remarkable height.B. The origin of its name.C. Its unique natural feature.D. The process of its formation.2. How much may a couple pay for a one-hour tour in Lower Antelope Canyon?A. $60.B. $80.C.$100.D.$120.3. What must be kept in mind about the Antelope Canyon tour?A. The age limit for kids.B. The definite tour time.C. Carrying a small backpack.D. Booking tickets in tour agencies.【答案】1-3 CBB【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国亚利桑那州美丽的羚羊峡谷以及 游客游览这一景点的本卷须知等。1 .细节,理解题。根据第一段中的“Known for its complicated, seemingly wavelike sandstone walls and the rays of sunlight that shine into them . everlasting attraction for tourists."可知，羚羊峡谷的自然风光吸引了游客。应选C。2 .细节理解题。根据 Cost 局部中的“Tours of Lower Antelope Canyon tend to be around an hour and generally cost around $40 per adull,，可知，一位成年人的票价是 40 美元。故 一对夫妇需要付80美元。3 .细节理解题。根据 Mustknow tip 局部中的“Check with your tour operator to confirm the precise time of your tour."这一信息可知，游客们需要记住游览确实切时间。BA 23yearold British woman has invented a product that she hopes will one day take the place of single-use plastic. The new product is made by combining fishing waste and algae （藻类）.Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, for her final year project at the University of Sussex. She continued her research after she left the university.On November 13ih. the James Dyson Foundation announced that Hughes was the international winner of the 2021 James Dyson Award for design.NdarinaTcx is edible, meaning it can be eaten without danger. Hughes says it also is strong and stable. But unlike plastic, MarinaTex breaks down in four to six weeks under normal conditions and does not pollute the soil.The inventor said she is concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters. She noted one report that there would be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans by the year 2050. The United Nations estimates that 100 million tons of plastic waste has already been left in the oceans.Hughes also was investigating ways to reduce the amounl of waste from the fishing industiy The industry produces an estimated 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year, UN officials say.Hughes told Reuters that she was trying to work out how she could use the waste stream and add value to that waste. Examining fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did not harm (he environment.To create a strong material, Hughes added the molecule chitosan, which conies from sea creatures like crabs, and agar, a material from red algae.After months of testing, Hughes produced a strong, flexible sheet that fonns at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius.Inventor James Dyson said that MarinaTex is “stronger, safer and much more sustainable" than the plastic polyethylene. It is also easier to break down than other possible replacement products for polyethylene, the material that singlc-usc plastic bags arc made of.Hughes will receive about $41,000 in prize money as the first place winner of the James Dyson Award. She told Reuters that she plans to use the money to better develop the product and ways to mass produce it.4. When did Lucy Hughes create MarinaTex?A. At university.B. After graduation.C. Before going to university.D. After winning the James Dyson Award.5. What's true about MarinaTex?A. It is delicious.B. It is environmentally friendly.C. It is a type of plastics.D. It exists for a long time in nature.6. What helped to give her the idea for MarinaTex?A. Observing the process of fishing.B. Studying different parts of a fish.C. Checking waste from (he fishing industry.D. Examining leftover fish parts after cooking.7. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Entertainment. B. Education.C. Lifestyle. D. Technology.【答案】4-7 ABCD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位23岁的英国女士创造了一种有望取 代一次性塑料的环保产品。4. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, for her final year project at the University of Sussex/可知,露西休斯为她在苏塞克斯大 学最后一年的工程创作了一种叫作MarinaTex的材料，应选Ao5. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的"But unlike plastic. MarinaTex breaks down in four to six weeks under normal conditions and docs not pollute the soil."可知,与塑料不同的是, MarinaTex在正常情况下会在4到6周内分解，不会污染土壤，由此可知，MarinaTex 是环保的，应选6. 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“Examining fish pans left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did not harm the environment.w 可知检 查渔业废料让露西休斯产生了创造MarinaTex的想法，应选C。7. 题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“A 23ycarold British woman has invented a product that she hopes will one day take the place of single-use plastic/7 可知, 本 文主要介绍了一位23岁的英国女士创造了 种有望取代次性塑料的环保产品，这属 于技术范畴，因此文章最有可能出现在报纸的技术版块，应选D。CIt's not just kids who are overdoing screen time. Parents are often just as guilty of spending too much lime checking smart phones and emails. And the consequences for their children can be troubling.Dr. Jenny Radesky is a pediatrician (儿科医生)specializing in child development. When she worked at a clinic in a high-tech Seattle neighborhood, Radesky started noticing how often parents ignored (heir kids in favor of a mobile device. Radesky was so concerned that she decided to study the behavior.After relocating to Boston Medical Center, she and two other researchers spent one summer observing 55 different groups of parents and young children eating at fast food restaurants. tlMany of the caregivers pulled out a mobile device right away, “ she says. “They looked at it, scrolled on it and typed for most of the meal, only putting it down occasionally.”This was not a scientific study. Radesky is quick to point out. It was more like anlhropological(人类学的Observation, complete with detailed field notes. Forty of the 55 parents used a mobile device during the meal, and many, she says, were more absorbed in the device than in (he kids.Radesky says that,s a big mistake, because facc-to-facc interactions arc (he primary way children learn. *Thcy learn language, they learn about (heir own emotions, and they learn how to regulate (hem. " she says. "They learn by watching us how to have a conversation, and how to read other people's facial expressions. And if that is not happening, children are missing out on important development milestones.”In research for her book, Steiner-Adair interviewed 1,000 children between the ages of 4 and 18, asking them about their parents'use of mobile devices. The language that came up over and over and over again, she says, was “sad, mad, angry and lonely" . Steiner-Adair says we don't know exactly how much these mini moments of disconnection between a parent and child affect the child in the long term. But based on the stories she hears, she suggests that parents think twice before picking up a mobile device when they're with their kids.8. Whai did Dr. Jenny Radesky find in a Seattle neighborhood?A. Parents ignored (heir kids in favor of a mobile device.B. High technology made people's lifc more convenient.C. Children took a much keener interest in smart phones.D. Parents were worried about their children's development.9. How did Radesky do her research?A. By interviewing the caregivers.B. By analyzing data from a clinic.C. By classifying parents, behaviors.D. By observing parents and children.10. What does the underlined word "that” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to?A. Learning about their own feelings.B. Reading others' facial expressions.C. Watching their parents' talking.D. Communicating face to face.11. What does Steiner-Adair advise parents to do?A. Comfort their children as often as possible.B. Pul down their smart phones while with their kids.C. Reflect on their own influence on their children.D. Allow (heir kids to use mobile devices somehow.【答案】8-11 ADDB【解析】本文是一篇说明文。Jenny博士是一位儿科医生。她注意到父母无视了与 孩子们面对面的交流。没有这种经历，就会影响孩子们的身心开展。她建议父母在和孩 子们在一起时最好放下 。8 .细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Radesky started noticing how often parents ignored their kids in favor of a mobile device.可知 A 项正确。9 .细节理解题。根据第三段中的.she and two other researchers spent one summer observing 55 different groups of parents and young children eating at fast food restaurants. 可知，她和另外两位研究人员花了一个夏天观察了 55组不同的父母和小孩在快餐店吃 饭。由此可知是通过观察来完成研究的。应选D项。10 .推理判断题。根据第五段第一句中. face-to-face interactions are the primary way children learn.和最后两句可知，而对面交流对孩子非常重要，他们通过观察我们如何面 对面交流，以及如何阅读别人的面部表情来学习。如果这种情况没有发生，孩子们就错 过了重要的开展历程。根据上下文的内容可推断出，lhal指代上文的“面对面交流"。11 .推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Stcincr-Adair says wc dorf I know exactly how much these mini moments of disconnection between a parent and child affect the child in the long term. But based on the stories she hears, she suggests that parents think twice before picking up a mobile device when they're with their kids.可知，Steiner-Adair 说，我们不能确切地知 道从长远来看父母和孩子之间的这些微小的别离的时刻到底对孩子有多大影响。但通过 她的研究中孩了们的话，她建议父母在和孩子们在一起时拿起 之前要三思。由此可 知和孩子相处的时刻对孩子有影响，所以最好此时放下 。分析选项可知B项正确。“The climate change has become an issue that no one can escape from. If the world wants to limit climate change, water shortage and pollution, then we all need to choose 'flexitarian （弹性素食）diets. " say scientists.“This means eating mainly plant-based foods, which is one of three key steps towards a sustainable future for all in 2050. “ they say. Food waste will need to be halved and farming practices will also have to improve, according to the study. Without action, the impacts of the food system could increase by up to 90%. Fast on the heels of Ihe landmark report of （he Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） comes this new study on how food production and consumption impact rniyor threats to the planet.The authors say that （he food system has a number of significant environmental impacts including being a major driver of climate change, providing freshwater and reducing pollution through overuse of nitrogen （氮）and phosphorus （磷）.The study says that thanks to the population and income growth expected between 2021 and 2050, these impacts could grow between 50%-90%, This could push our world beyond its geographic boundaries. So when it conies to climate change, the authors looked at what they called a “flexitarian diet”.“We can eat a range of healthy diets but what they all have in common, according to the latest scientific evidence, is that they are all relatively plant-based, “ said lead author Dr. Marco Springmann from the University of Oxford.44You can go from a diet that has small amounts of animal products; some might call it a Mediterranean-based diet; wc call it a llcxitarian diet. We tried to stay with the most conservative one of these which in our view is the flexitarian one. but even this has at least one serving of red meat per week. " he added.If the world moved to this type of diet, the study found that greenhouse gas emissions （排放）from agriculture would be reduced by more than half.12. What benefit will the new diets bring to the world?A. The animals will be saved.B. People will need more water.C. The climate change will stop.D. The pollution will be controlled.13. What can be called a “flexitarian" diet?A. Eat animal products every meal.B. Eat plant-based vegetables every meal.C. Eat mainly vegetables and never eat animal products.D. Eat plant-based meal mainly and animal products sometimes.14. What will happen if the new diet is popular globally?A. The climate will become warmer.B. The food consumption will increase.C. People will have less greenhouse gas.D. People will produce more food waste.15. What is (he attitude of the author to the new diet?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Opposed.D. Indifferent.【答案】12-15 DDCA【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究说明，弹性素食饮食有助于改善环境。12 .细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"If the world wants to limit climate change, water shortage and pollution, then we all need to choose 'flexitarian' diets, " say scientists. 可知, 通过选择弹性素食饮食，人们可以限制气候变化，缓解水资源短缺并能减少污染。应选 Do13 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“You can go from a diet that has small amounts of animal products; some might call it a Mediterranean-based diet; but even this has at least one serving of red meat per week.可知，弹性素食饮食主要是以蔬菜为根底的饮食，但 每周至少也要吃一次红肉。由此可推知，弹性素食饮食以蔬菜为主，肉食为辅。应选D。14 .细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifihc world moved to this type of diet, the study found that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture would be reduced by more (han half.“ 可知， 如果全球都采取这种饮食方式，农业所产牛的温室气体排放量将减少一半以上，即温室 气体的产生量会变得更少。应选C。15 .观点态度题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了弹性素食饮食有助于改善环境。由 此可推知，作者对这种饮食方式是支持的。应选A。第二节 七选五(共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。How to start a conversation with someone you don't knowIntroduce YourselfIt's not necessary to be clever when you introduce yourself. Simply fbcus on being genuine and sincere. When you approach the other person to start the conversation, give him a warm smile and clearly state your name. 16 Remember to speak at a regular pace, taking care not to speak too quickly or slowly, so that the other person will have no difficulty understanding you.Begin the Conversation17 A co