中考英语阅读理解知识点总结 (3).docx

中考英语阅读理解知识点总结(3)一、中考英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)1 .请阅读下面的海报，从每题所给的A, B, C三个选下中选出一个最正确选项。House fires often happened. So it appears necessary to learn something useful to protect family from them. The following poster in the neighborhood will tell you how to do it.Fire SafetyPut a smoke alarm in your house and test it every month. Half of all house fire deaths happen between 11 pm and 7 am. The risk of dying in a house fire is cut in half with working smoke alarms.Make sure your hearing aid, wheelchair or eyeglasses are next to your bed. Fire can spread through a house soon. You may have as little as two minutes to escape (逃离)safely. Be ready to act at once.Create a fire escape plan. 77% of families don't have a house fire escape plan to follow. That's one of the reasons why at least one child dies and 293 children are injured in a house fire every day.Don't call 119 until you are safely outside. During a fire, the first thing to do is to get out of house as fast as you can.(1) makes the risk of dying in a house fire smaller.A. A smoke alarmB. A pair of eyeglassesC. A wheelchair(2) We may have only to escape from a house firm safely.A. half an hourB. 2 minutesC. 293 seconds(3) According to the poster,can help save you from a house fire.A. stopping the fire from spreadingmaking and following a plan to escapeB. keeping awake betwrenll pm. and 7 am.(4) Call 119 for help.A. after you reach safelyas soon as you are ready to escapeB. when you find out what causes the house fire(5) The poster is put up in the neighborhood to help people learn to.A. plan their live as they wishsave time as much as possibleB. protect themselves in a right way【答案】A以增进我的知识。可知都是增进知识，应选C。(2)细节理解题。根据 What I hope to get from high school is a good study environment where I can build up my knowledge.我希望从中学得到的是一个良好的学习环境，在那里我可以积累 我的知识。可知高中应提供一个良好的学习环境，应选D。(3)细节理解题。根据 I hope to get more education before anything else.我希望在其他任何 事情之前得到更多的教育，应选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在 文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。8.阅读理解Why is music so important to children? Here are some of my thoughts on the subject.Music has a positive (积极的) effect on young children's development!New research shows that music has a good influence on young children's cognitive (认知的) skills, such as spatial reasoning (空I、可推理) and memory. Research also shows that offering children an interesting environment can support children's healthy growth and development.Young children enjoy making music with others!Making music with others gives children a wonderful feeling of belonging to the group. Children might have difficulty joining in activities with others because they are shy, have limited language ability or special needs, but they can freely take part in a music activity.Music makes young children happy!Children seem to experience much pleasure and joy when listening to music, making music and dancing to music. Whether they are singing along to a CD, playing an instrument or dancing to music around the classroom, most children seem to thoroughly (彻底地) enjoy participctir。 in a music activity. How wonderful it is to offer children the chance to do some activities about music!(1) New research shows that music can improve young children's skills.A. cognitiveB. readingC. writingD. speaking(2) Which is one of the reasons that children have difficulty joining in activities with others?A. They don't know others.B. They want to play games alone.C. They are shy.D. They don't like music.(3) Which one of the following has the same meaning as "participate in"?A. come intoB. arrive atC. take part inD. get used to(4) There are of the author's thoughts on the subject.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five(5) What's the best title for the passage?A. How to Make Music with OthersB. The Influence of Music on ChildrenC. What Wonderful MusicD. The Importance of Music in Early Childhood【答案】(1)A(2) C(3) C(4) B(5) D【解析】【分析】文章大意：音乐对儿童的开展非常重要，孩子们在听音乐、做音乐和随音 乐跳舞时，似乎体验到了许多快乐，我们应该多给孩子们提供一些音乐活动的机会。(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 New research shows that music has a good influence on young children's cognitive skills, such as spatial reasoning and memory.可知,音乐对幼儿的认知 能力和记忆有很好的影响，应选A。(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Children might have difficulty joining in activities with others because they are shy,可知，孩子们可能会因为害羞、语言能力有限或特殊需要而难以 与他人一起参加活动，应选C。(3)词义推断理解题。根据文中的语句 most children seem to thoroughly enjoy participating in a music activity.可知，大多数孩子似乎都非常喜欢参加音乐活动，其中participating的含义, 参加,加入；相当于take part in,应选C。(4)理解归纳题。通读全文可知，作者对这个观点的看法有三个方面加以论述，应选B。(5)标题归纳题。通读全文可知，此文主要介绍了音乐对儿童开展的重要影响，应选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关 键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。9.阅读理解A British company has made a new product to help us save money. The product is a wristband that gives us an electric shock if we spend too much money. The wristband is called Pavlok. It is linked to our bank account. It knows how much money we have in the bank. If we go shopping and there is not enough money in our bank account, the wristband makes an electric shock on our wrists. This warns us not to overspend. The company is called Intelligent Environments. It wants to work with banks to help customers with their money. So far; no banks in Britain have said they would ask their customers to wear Pavlok. They could start doing this in the future.The Pavlok wristband is part of the Internet of Things. This is the idea that everything in our life will be connected to the Internet. The CEO of Intelligent Environments, David Webber; said people liked the idea of the Pavlok. Shoppers would rather get a small electric shock in the store from the wristband than get a big shock later when they see their bank account. Mr. Webber said the Pavlok would be great for people who cannot stop spending because they have no power or their power is weak. He added that many young people have the "ostrich effect". This is when people put their heads in the sand and buy things rather than look at how much money they have in their bank accounts.(1) The company made the product to help itself.A. make moneyB. save moneyC. spend moneyD. rob money(2) The wristband has to work with.A. shopsB. doctorsC. banksD. Intelligent Environments(3) Mr. Webber thinks the wristband is.A. helplessB. greatC. a big surpriseD. cheap(4) You can read this passage in a.A. health magazine B. science magazine C. sports magazine D. weather report 【答案】(1) A(2) C(3) B(4) B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了英国生产的帮助人们省钱的工具一一腕带，如果你 花钱多了，它会电击你，它是互联网的一局部。(1)逻辑推理题，公司的目的是赚钱，他生产这种东西就为为了赚钱，故答案是A。(2)细节理解题,根据It is linked to our bank account.可知它跟银行账户关联,故答案是C。(3)逻辑推理题，根据最后一段的陈述可知，韦伯认为这种产品很棒，故答案是B。(4)题，这是一篇科普性的文章，应出现在科学杂志上，故答案是B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题和题。细节理解题可以 直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有内容推出未知的可能的事实; 题需要根据文章内容来判断文章的来源。10.阅读理解Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some ways. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year from midnight on December 31st to January 1st, People may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal (正式的)clothes, and they may drink champagne (香槟) at midnight. During the first minute of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead, But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise.Many cultures also do special things to get rid of (摆脱)bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes, The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh (重新).Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. One widespread Spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on New Year's Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck he will have in the new year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck on New Year's Day. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year; you have to eat 365 of them!(1) The passage is mainly about.A. the meaning of "Happy New Year! B. several different New Year traditionsC. what to eat on New Year's DayD. why people dress up nicely on New Year's Day(2) lt*s clear that.A. some cultures celebrate New Year in the morningthe Western people celebrate New Year only on New Year's DayB. people in Ecuador go to parties from December 31st to January 1stno cultures do special things to celebrate New Year(3) To have a happy new year;.A. friends talk to each other in special waysfamilies make big dolls filled with old clothesB. some people get up early to watch the sunriseEuropeans eat 365 grapes on New Year's Day(4) When eating black- eyed peas on New Year's Day, people think.A. one pea brings one day of luckB. black- eyed peas are the best medicineC. the peas are too black and taste bad D. the peas are helpful to count numbers 【答案】(1) B(2) A(3) C(4) A【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了西方国家不同的庆祝新年的方式，(1)主旨大意题，通过阅读全文可知，短文主要介绍了不同国家不同的新年庆祝方式，故 答案是B。(2)细节理解题，根据 But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise.可知，一些国家喜欢在早晨庆祝新年，故答案是A。(3)细节理解题，根据 But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise. 可知，为了过一个快乐的新年，人们要早起看日出，故答案是C。(4)细节理解题，根据 In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them!可知人们认为吃一颗黑豆会带来 一天的好运，故答案是A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中 寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。1L阅读理解Technology is everywhere. We see it any place we go and, in fact, almost all of us carry some piece of technology with us every time we leave the house. What I always forget, though, is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others.There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices (设备) lying around in it. Whenever I am at home, I am almost always using at least one electronic device. If you walked into my living room on any given day, you would find that, first, I have the television on. At the same time, I usually have my laptop resting on my knee, or I will be using my mobile phone. Even when I'm not at home I am always using my phone, and at work or in cafes, I sit down and connect to the local wireless network on my laptop.I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering.The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others and recently I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world. From using your language skills to do translations, to developing and managing projects and helping with IT work, there is so much that so many people can do to help people in their own countries and across the world. The United Nations, in fact, has a huge page with "Volunteers Recruited" on its website.This work can support the poor and help charities who cannot pay for staff members. Many organizations only require you to work an hour a week - some even less. And the support provided by online volunteers can really help make a difference to those in need.(1) From Paragraph 2, we can know that the writer.A. is a computer engineerworks in a cafeB. uses technology a lotlikes modern music(2) The underlined word" Recruited" in Paragraph 4 means"A. OrderedB. VisitedC. WantedD. Warned(3) In the writer's opinion, people should spend more time with technology.A. working on computer programskeeping the Internet safeB. inventing electronic productshelping people in need(4) What can be the best title for the passage?A. Online VolunteeringInternet OrganizationsB. Website DesignOnline Translation【答案】(1) C(2) C(3) D(4) A【解析I【分析】本文介绍了科学技术已经渗透进了我们的生活，我们每天都在使用这些科 技带来的方便中。但作者认为我们应该利用这些先进的技术去帮助别人，这样才能表达出这 些科技的力量。(1) 推理题。根据 There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices (设备)lying around in it.的意思可知，在作者的家里，没有一个房间里是没有电子 设备的，也就是说作者使用非常多的电子设备，下面的文字作者举例来说明，如television, laptop, mobile phone 等，应选 Co(2)词义猜想题。根据该段中 I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world.可知，作者发现在网上有很多在线志愿活动，而这句话说的就是联合国在网上招 募志愿者的一个网站，由此我们可以知道划线这个单词应该是招聘的意思，与wanted同 义，应选Cq(3)推理题。根据 I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering 以及下一段的开头 The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others可知，作者觉得自己浪费了很多时间在电脑上，这些时间他可以更好的利用起来去从事一些网上的志愿者工作。由此我们可以知道，作者认为人们应该花费一点时间去帮 助别人，应选D。（4）主旨题。这篇短文开头局部作者讲述了我们周围无处不在使用着科学技术，短文的第 一段中 What I always forget, though, is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want t。help others点明文章的主题，从短文的第三段开始，作者对文章主题进行展开论 述，即我们应该利用这些技术去做一些在线的志愿者活动，去帮助别人，所以C选项Online volunteering在线志愿者活动这个题目能点明文章的主题，应选C。A选项Website Design网 站设计；B选项Internet Organization在线组织;D选项Online Translation在线翻译,这几个 选项都不符合文意，应选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜想题和主旨题四种常考题型，推断题需 要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜想题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主 旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。12.阅读下面的文章，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。Homeland Shopping CouponsA. 2 hours.B. 4 hours.C. 6 hours.D. 8 hours.Hours of Free Parking You will receive 2 hours of free parking if you spend $30 in our store. 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