高中英语Unit3Grammarandskills词汇讲解习题牛津译林版选择性必修第四册.docx

词汇讲解+练习Part 1单词拓展 1. superior n.上级，上司adj.更好的，更高的 superior n.上级，上司adj.更好的，更高的f【反】inferior 不如别人的人；级别（或 地位）低的人adj.较差的；次的；级别低的;较低的一【联】senior adj.年长的；地位高 的；高年级的n.年长者；高年级学生f【反】junior adj.年少的；地位低的n.年少 者；地位低者自测默写自测默写归纳拓展superior to.比高明/高级superior in在方面占优势be inferior to.,彳氐于be senior to.比年长/资历深be junior to.比年幼/资历浅superiority n.优越（性）；优势【温馨贴士】 superior, inferior, senior, junior这四个词均无比拟等级，如表示比拟，用介词to。【即时训练】I.单句语法填空1. (2016 浙江卷)In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even (superior).2. People love spreading information and sharing opinions not because they think their thoughts are superior others?.3. They finally lost the game, because their opponents are superior strength.【参考答案】1. superiority 2. to 3. inII.同义句转换My brother is three years older than I.My brother me by three years.【参考答案】is senior toprejudice ,偏见,成见；使怀有（或形成）偏见拓展：prejudice。偏见，成见;。方,使怀有（或形成）偏见f prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见 的;偏颇的，偏心的consult vt.咨询;请教拓展：consult vt.咨询；请教f consultant顾问；高级医生或专家一【同】enquire/ inquirev.咨询2. respective adj.各自的拓展："respect & vt.尊敬，敬重f respectful adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的respectable a%/： 值得尊敬的;体面的；得体的f respectively adv.分别地，各自地operate v.操作拓展：operator n.操作人员foperate v.操作；动手术f operation n.操作；手术hire聘用拓展：hire vt.聘用，雇佣；租用，租借f【同】employ v.雇佣；使用f【反】fire v.解雇leadership领导应有的品质拓展：lead to导致【原文再现】（P22L28）However, the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much asthe Angles and the Saxons' victory about 600 years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic.然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响远不及约六百年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语产生 的影响大,那场胜利导致古英语代替了凯尔特语归纳拓展归纳拓展自测默写(1) lead to sth. /some place导致某事/通向某地lead to sb. /sb. s doing sth.导致某人祯某事(2) lead sb. to sth.使得出(观点)；引导某人lead sb. to do sth.带着某人做某事;导致某人做某事【温馨贝占士】表示“导致”的短语还有:result in; bring about; give rise to; contributeto【即时训练】L语境串词With him (带路)，we got there without any difficulty. But for him, we would have been lost, which would (导致)serious consequences.II.用所给词的恰当形式填空(1) Look over there一there is a very long, winding path (lead) up to the house.(2) The convenience even leads fewer people (take) public transport.(3) The discovery of new evidence led to the thief (s (catch).(4)(2019 年全国卷 I) It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy (adjust), high status has just the opposite effect on us.【参考答案】I. leading the way; lead to II. (1) leading (2) to takecommercial adj.商业的 commercial adj.商业的，贸易的f commerce n.商业；贸易3. qualification n.资格,资历 qualification n.资格，资历f qualify v.取得资格f qualified adj.有资格的，合格的【联】quantity n.数量applicant n.申请人拓展：apply vi.申请；以使用，应用【原文再现】(PbsLib) In 1998, he applied to be a member of Project 921, which is now called Shenzhou. 1998年他申请成为“921”计划(现名“神舟”计划)的成员。归纳拓展apply sth. to sth,把某物应用(涂抹)于apply to适用于；申请apply to. . . for.向申请apply oneself to (二be applied to) 致力于/集中精力于application n.应用；申请;敷用applicant n.申请人自测默写【即时训练】.语境串词Interested in this subject, he to join the research team. Unfortunately, though the promised he would himself to this research, his was rejected, as there was another who was more qualifiedfor the research, (apply)【参考答案】applied; apply; application; applicant.单句语法填空1. (2019 上 海卷)The Online registration feature does not apply evaluation registration.2. (2019 全国卷 I) You could apply (be) a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.3. (2019 天津卷)However, technology is also the (apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.4. （2018 浙江卷 11 月）it can also be pricey if the schools you are （apply） to happen to be more than a car ride away.5. （朗文当代高级英语词典）He was one of 30 （apply） for the manager, s job.【参考答案】 1. to 2. to be 3. application 4. applying 5. applicantsdelay v.延长拓展：*delay v.（使）推迟，延迟,延误，延迟f【同】postpone v.（使）推迟，延迟delay vt. & vi.（使）推迟，延迟n.延误，延迟【原文再现】（P2L14）Regular colour TV broadcasts were delayed in the UK until 1967.在英国，定期的彩色电视节目的播出一直延迟至1967年。归纳拓展自测默写delay doing sth.推迟做某事without delay毫不延迟地；立即postpone/put off 推迟【即时训练】完成句子（1） 1209笔天津卷）我立刻打 向她道谢。, I called to thank her.（2）120/9隼34天津春）通过延缓心理和生理功能问题的开展，人们在老年仍然可以参 与社会活动。By mental and physical functioning problems, people can still be engaged in society in their senior years.【参考答案】（1）Without delay （2） delaying the development ofrelevant 拓展:relate vt. & vi.联系，把联系起来;表达，讲述f relation n.联系；关系relateda”有关系的，有关联的10. seize vt.抓住seize vt.逮捕;捉拿;抓住；捉住；夺取;攻占归纳拓展电测默写seize sb. /sth. (by.)抓住seize the chance/opportunity of.抓住，,的机会be (suddenly) seized by/with 突然感到(1) seize power 夺取政权seize control of夺取对的控制【即时训练】【温馨贴土】grasp指用手、牙或爪去抓住或咬住，引申为具有充分理解那些由于自身或外界的原因 而存在或产生的事物的能力。seize通常指突然有力地抓住某物,seize还可以表示“(疾病)侵袭；(情绪)支配”。 【即时训练】I .语境串词经过一场激烈的战斗，将军夺取了这个王国的控制权。国王抓住机会想要逃跑。在他还 没来得及逃跑，就被抓住了衣领。一阵恐惧感突然袭来。After a fierce battle, the general the kingdom. The kingescape. Before he could run away, he the collar. He was suddenly a feeling of fear.【参考答案】 seized control of; seized the opportunity/chance to; was seized by; seized by/withII.写出以下句中画线局部的中文意义(1) (2019年天津卷) I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. (2) You are supposed to seize the opportunity and welcome the challenge.(3) They seized the land and distributed it to the peasants. 【参考答案】（1）侵袭；突然感到（2）抓住机会（3）夺取/占领了土地