高中英语高考英语名词知识点专项训练带答案第a4157期.docx

高中英语高考英语名词知识点专项训练带答案单项选择题（精选试题一名师出品）1、There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. adaptationC. expectationD. qualification答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：不可否认，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。A.ambition 雄心抱负;B. adaptation 适应，改编；C. expectation 期待；D. qualification 资格。根据句意,watching this screen Norwegian tt'ood nJ,此处表达小说的电影"改编"版本，应选以There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A. noiseB. noisyC. voice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析,句意：机器一定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B. noisy adj.噪杂的;C. voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。3、Before getting on a coach, a train or plane, you must have the of your bag checked to make sure youaren't carrying any dangerous things.A. detailsB. contentsC. ingredientsD. entrances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上长途汽车、火车或飞机之前，你必须检查一下包里的东西，以确保你没有携带任何危险物品。A.details细节;B. contents内容,所容纳之物;C. ingredients原料;D. entrances入口。由语意可知，为r确保没有携带危险物品，你必须检查包里所装的东西。应选B项。 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不到一分钟，一座大城市就变成/一片废墟。A. rescue营救：B. regards问候；C. ruins废墟；D. request要求。根据"a large city la/可知，在一分钟之内，城市应该变为废墟。应选C项。30、I think he was born to be an/a of a newspaper.A. sweatB. editorC. helicopterD. whistle答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为他天生就是当报纸编辑的料。A. sweat汗水；B. editor编辑；C. helicopter 直升机；D. whistle 口哨。结合空后名词newspaper可知，此处指报纸编辑。应选B。31、Studying is very important, but as parents, we'd better not put too much on children.A. personalityB. creativityC. pressureD. advance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习很重要，但作为父母，我们最好不要给孩子太大的压力。A. personality性格: B. creativity 创造力；C. pressure 压力；D. advance 进步。由 Studying is very important 可知，父母不要给孩子 学习施加太大的压力。应选C项。32、Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose is to remind group members toidentify their sources.A. dutyB. implicationC. meansD. operation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了组织者让团队成员同意一个共同的目的和一个方便的时间和地点外，团队成 员通常扮演着寻找信息源的角色，其职责是提醒团队成员识别他们的信息源。A. duty职责；B. implication影 响：C. means 方法；D. operation 操作。根据"is to remind group members to identify their sources.”可知，此处10指的是寻求资源者的职责，应选A。33、To our great, over 5 million of people died of Covid-19.A. satisfactionB. sorrowC. delightD. joy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:令我们深感悲哀的是,超过500万人死于Covid19° A. satisfaction满足,满意;B. sorrow 悲伤;C. delight 快乐：D. joy 喜悦。根据空后“over 5 million of people died of Covid-19”可知,因为 500 万人死于Covid-19,所以这是让人悲伤的。应选B。34、The branch of olive is the of peace.A. symbolB. signC. signalD. mark答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：橄榄枝是和平的象征。A. symbol象征；B. sign招牌，迹象；C. signal信号；D. mark符号，记号。结合常识可知，橄榄枝是和平的象征，symbol符合题意。应选A.35、She spoke very confidently because she wanted to make a great on her employer.A. impactB. pressureC. impressionD. description答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说话很自信，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A. impact影响；B. pressure压力；C. impression印象；D. description描述。根据"She spoke very confidently ",可知她说话很自信,因为她想给雇主 留下好印象。应选C项。36、 The students are having a on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not.A. quarrelB. debateC. fightD. topic11答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:学生们正在就孩子们是否应该上辅导班而辩论。A.quarrel争吵；B.debate辩论； C.fight吵架，打架；D.topic主题，话题。由on后接的whether引导的宾语从句可知，这一动作是围绕一个话 题的正误或者合理性进行的，显然是指辩论、讨论。应选B项。37、I would appreciate if I could have the of giving a speech here.A. it； honourB. that： honourC. it； gloryD. that； glory答案：A解析：考查代词it和名词辨析。句意：如果我荣幸在这里作演讲我将不胜感激。I would appropriate it if，如果.将 不胜感激是固定句型，it是形式宾语，honour"荣誉；面子；荣幸侧重于指高尚的行为，比方忠诚，老实而 受到赞誉，可表示“被引以为荣的人或物”。have the honour of doing sth."有幸做某事"，glory "光荣”侧重于获 得的令人称颂的光荣或荣誉地位。根据句意，此处表示“引以为傲的事情应选A。38、It's time for all countries to work together to reduce air.A. recognitionB. reservationC. positionD. pollution答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析.句意：现在是所有国家共同努力减少空气污染的时候了. A. recognition认识，识别；B.reservation预定，预约；C. position位置；D. pollution污染。根据空前句意可知,空处需用名词pollution,表示所有国家共同努力减少空气污染。应选Do39、George bought a lottery ticket issued by a bank a few days ago . The opened yesterday and he won a prize of $500000.A. medalsB. awardsC. rewardsD. sum答案：B12解析：考查名词词义辨析,句意：George几天前买了一张由银行发行的彩票。昨天开奖了，他赢得了 500000美元 的大奖。A.medals奖牌，奖章；B.awards奖金，奖品：C.rewards奖励，报酬：D.sum金额，款项。由句意及 其中的lottery ticket和prize可推知，此处要表达的是彩票开奖，强调的是“奖品、奖金的含义，B选项符合 题意。应选B项。40、This information allows businessmen to keep of their list of goods by showing which items are beingsold and how fast they are moving.A. sightB. trackC. touchD. sign答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些信息通过显示正在出售的商品和商品移动的速度，使商人能够跟踪他们的商 品清单。A. sight 视力；B. track 踪迹;C. touch 触碰;D. sign 迹象。根据后文“of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving”可知指跟踪他们的商品清单，应用 keep track of。应选 Bo41> What you do every day will eventually affect whether you can achieve your goal. In other words, your behavior will have a vital on your success.A. effortB. effectC. affectionD. affect答案：B解析：考查名词用法和词义辨析。句意：你每天做的事情最终会影响你是否能实现你的目标。换句话说，你的行为 将对你的成功有至关重要的影响。A. effort努力;B. effect影响;C. affection喜爱;D. affect影响。根据句意 可知，行为对于成功有影响，空处缺少名词作宾语，affect为动词。应选B项。42、In the picture there are many and two.A. sheep; foxesB. sheeps; foxC. sheeps; foxesD. sheep;foxs13答案：A解析：考查名词单复数辨析。句意：图中有许多羊和两只狐狸。根据题意，由many许多，可知sheep用复数形式, sheep羊，单复数同形；空格二由two可知，fox用复数形式，fox狐狸，复数形式为foxes。应选A项。43、Mr. Tony always has to tell his students at the beginning of his lectures.A. a good newsB. some good piece of newsC. some good pieces of newsD. some piece of good news答案：C解析：考查审词短语。句意：在课程开始时，托尼先生总是有一些好消息告诉学生们。结合句意和选项可知，news 意为“新闻，消息”是不可数名词，想要表达数量，可用量词短语，即选项中的pieceof,意为"条，个"，而量 词短语中piece是可数的，其前有some修饰要用复数形式。应选C项。44、 I have often thought it would be a if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days atsome time during his early adult life.A. blanketB. contestC. blessingD. outcome答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常想，如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那 将是一件幸事。A. blanket毯子；B. contest比赛； C. blessing幸事；D. outcome结果。根据句意结合生活 常识，可知如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那将是一件幸事。应选C。45、Would you send me some of yours? I miss you very much!A. magazinesB. photosC. phonesD. works答案：B 解析:14 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！ A. magazines杂志；B. photos照片： Cphones ;D.works作品。由后文“I miss you very much!”可知,因为非常想念，所以此处表示寄一些照 片给我。应选B。46、The little girl was the only in the strong earthquake. I think her was a real wonder.A. survive; survivalB. survive; survivorC. survival; survivorD. survivor; survival答案:D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。A.survive 幸存,survival 幸存；B.survive 幸存，survivor 幸存者;C.survival 幸存，survivor 幸存者;D.survivor 幸存者， survival幸存。根据句意可知，女孩是唯一的幸存者，第一空是“幸存者"survivor；第二空处意为"她的幸存"， 第二空是名词"幸存"survival。应选D.47、The media are filled with about what roles women should play in society.A. crisisB. conventionC. stereotypesD. substances答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充满着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B.convention 习俗；C. stereotypes 刻板印象；D. substances 物质。由 what roles women should play in society 可知, 媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色，总有一个刻板印象。应选C项。48、A short from Cusco takes you from Andes into the Amazon rainforest.A. fightB. flightC. frightD. failure答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从库斯科乘坐短途飞机把你从安第斯山脉带进亚马逊雨林。A. fight打架；B. flight 飞行；C.fright 惊吓;D.failure 失败。根据"takes you from Andes into the Amazon rainforest”可知，此处表示乘15坐飞机。应选B项。49、The prince lived in a large and beautiful.A. hurricaneB. castleC. petrolD. calligraphy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B. castle城堡；C. petrol汽 油；D. calligraphy书法。根据常识判断可知，王子一般住在城堡里。应选七50、请选出与单词"resource”匹配的释义。A.材料B.解释C.资源D.知识答案:C解析：考杳词汇意思。resource意思是资源，应选C。51、Mr. Moses was once the head of World Architectural Association(WAA), yet he is now nothing more than aA. retired anthropologists, retiring anthropologyC. retired architectD. retiring architecture答案：C解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：摩西先生曾是世界建筑协会(WAA)的主席，但他现在只不过是一个退休的 建筑师。表示"退休的"应用过去分词转换的形容词retired； architect"建筑师"，architecture“建筑”，根据上文the head of World Architectural Association此处是指一个建筑师,应用 architect 表达，retiredarchitect"退休建筑师”。应选Co52、Sandra Oh, actress of “Killing Eve”, has the of being the first Asian woman to pocket a Golden GlobeAward.16A. distinctionB. discriminationC. descriptionD. determination答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：杀死伊芙女演员吴珊卓（Sandra Oh）是首位获得金球奖的亚洲女性。A.distinction 荣誉,勋章;B. discrimination 区别，歧视；C. description 描述,描写；D. determination 决心，果断。这是一个Award （奖项），她成为首位获得此奖的亚洲女性，显而易见是一种荣誉，仅有A契合语境，应选Ao53> Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute in his father.A. campaigns. cautionC. confidenceD. collection答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助，他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动；caution 谨慎；C. confidence 自信;D. collection 收藏品。根据上文，om always turns to his father for help"可知，汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心，have confidence in sb.表示“对某人有信心”。应选C。54、The local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.A. protestB. protectC. projectD. propose答案：C解析：考杳名词和动词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或 名词）；B. protect保护（动词）；C. project方案（名词）；计戈U （动词）；D. propose提议（动词）。根据 冠词a可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词"project方案”符合句意。应选55、It is a great for me to work as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic.A. signalB. functionC. honorD. agreement答案：C17解析：考查名词词义辨析,句意：作为2022年冬奥会的志愿者，我感到非常荣幸。A. signal信号；B. function功能; C honor 荣幸;D. agreement 同意。根据"work as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic."可知，能够成为 2022 年冬奥会的志愿者感到荣幸。应选C。56、Through association with people who are meaningful to us, we achieve a sense of security, love, and acceptance.A. rejectionB. equationC. impressionD. companionship答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过和一些对我们很重要的人进行交往，我们获得了平安感、爱情、友谊和认可。A.rejection 拒绝；B.equation 等同；C.impression 象；D panionship 友谊、情谊。根据"a sense of security, love,1and acceptance "可知，我们获得了平安感、爱情、友谊和认可。应选D项。57、It is clear that in modern society high and demands are placed on students.A. motivationsB. expectationsC. opportunitiesD. achievements答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，现代社会对学生有很高的期望和要求。A.motivations动机；B .expectations 期望;C. opportunities 机会：D . achievements 成就。根据"demands"可知,现代社会对学生有 很高的期望和要求。应选B项。58、Here is a memo for your when you answer the phones.A. consultants. recommendationC. recognitionD. reference答案：D解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：这是一份备忘录，您接 时可以参考。A. consultant顾问；B. recommendation18推荐;C. recognition识别;D. reference参考。根据上文“Here is a memo for your”指将备忘录作为接 的参 考，应用reference o应选D。59、News of their safety came as a great.A. attempts. disasterC. emergencyD. relief答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们平安的消息传来，使我们松了一口气。A.attempt尝试；B.disaster灾难； C.emergency突发事件;D.relief抚慰。根据News of their safety came可知，他们平安的消息传来，使我们松 了一口气。应选D项。60、I want to know the sporting that catch the people's attention in China.A. accidentsB. eventsC. incidentsD. occasions答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道在中国吸引人们注意的体育赛事。A. accidents意外，事故;B. events事 件，体育工程；C. incidents事件；D. occasions时机，场合。根据sporting可知，此处是指体育工程。应选B。小提小：61、Norman Bethune is one of in China, but he wasn't Chinese - he was Canadian.A. most famous heroesB. the most famous herosC. most famous herosD. the most famous heroes答案：D解析：考查形容词最高级和名词的数。句意：诺尔曼白求恩是中国最著名的英雄之一，但他不是中国人一一他是加拿大人。此处为one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构，表示"最.之-w； famous最高级在前面加the194、The of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria.A. generations. statisticC. nutritionD. discovery答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:青霉素的发现对对抗细菌很有帮助。A. generation 一代;B. statistic统计；C. nutrition 营养；D. discovery 发现。根据后文“of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria"指青霉素的发 现，应用discovery,应选D°5 According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge University, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact on learning.A. featuresB. personalitiesC. memoriesD. appearances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果，性格，例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影 响。A. feature 特征；B. personality 性格，气质；C. memory 回忆；D. appearance 外表。空后 such as stubbornness and shyness表示"例如固执和害羞”，都是在对人的性格进行举例，故空处需填名词personalities 表示“性格。应选B项。6、Some students think they enjoy reading just out of interest, but others argue that a better score is their mainA. recognitionB. attractionC. occupationD. motivation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学生认为他们喜欢阅读只是出于兴趣，但其他人认为更好的成绩是他们的主 要动机。A. recognition 识别;B. attraction 吸引；C. occupation 职业；D. motivation 动机。根据上文“a better score is their main”指更好的成绩是喜欢阅读的动机，应用motivation。应选D。mosto 应选 Do 62、My parents, words had a great on me. I decided to make every to learn English well.A. effect; effortB. effort; effectC. creativity; punishmentD. punishment; creativity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A. effect; effort 影响；努力;B. effort; effect 努力；影响；C. creativity; punishment 仓U造力；惩罚；D. punishment; creativity 罚；创造力。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语have an effect on sb.,意为"对有影响；对.起作用，产生效 果"。make efforts to do sth.意为“竭尽全力做某事"句中every （每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。应选A。63、I like reading poems, because poems can certain.A. convey; emotionB. convey; emotionsC. express; emotionsD. explain; emotions答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为“传递；传达”和“情感；情绪。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形，第二个空格根 据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。64、To get the job, the had to make a short video showing how much they knew about the Great BarrierReef.A. operatorsB. candidatesC. conservationistD. manager答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了得到这份工作，应试者必须制作一个简短的视频，展示他们对大堡礁了解多 少。A. operators操作人员；B. candidates候选人,应试者;C. conservationist自然环境保护主义者；D.20manager经理。根据前文"T。get the job"可知，此处指“应试者"。应选B项。65、The green watch is $199 and the red one is $195. There is not much in price.A. opinionB. changeC. decisionD. difference答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：绿色的手表是199美元，红色的是195美元。价钱没有太大的差异。A. opinion观 点；B. change 改变：C. decision 决定；D. difference 区别。结合上文 The green watch is $199 and the red one is $195.可知指价钱方面没有太大的区别，应用difference。应选D°66、he has money, he can buy anything he wants.A. Now that; a large amount ofB. Now that; a large number ofC. Due to; a large amount ofD. Due to; a large number of答案：A解析：考查连词和名词短语辨析。句意：既然他有一大笔钱，他可以买任何他想要的东西。A. Now that; a large amount of 既然，大量；B. Now that; a large number of 既然，很多；C. Due to; a large amount of 由于，大量；D. Due to; a large number of ST,很多。第一空，now that是连词,表示"既然",due to是介词短语,表示“由 于"，分析句子，空处引导原因状语从句，应用now that引导从句；第二空，a large number of表示“很多， 修饰可数名词的复数形式，a large amount of表示"大量，修饰不可数名词，money是不可数名词，空处应用 短语 a large amount of。应选 A 项。67> Americans eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twiceB. twice as many asC. as twice as manyD. more than twice as many答案：D 解析:21 考查倍数表达法。句意：美国人现在吃的蔬菜是他们在1910年吃的蔬菜的2倍多。根据句子结构和意思可知, 这里考查倍数表达法，倍数要放在比拟结构as+adj.+n.+as的前面，被修饰的名词vegetables是可数名词复数 形式，所以用many, “2倍多”用more than twice表达。应选D。68、Zhanguimei's selfless to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and loveher.A. faultB. complexityC. devotionD. agony答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅对教育事业的无私奉献是众所周知的，她的所有学生都尊敬爱戴她。A.fault过错；B. complexity难题；C. devotion奉献;D. agony极大的痛苦。根据句中的"selfless（无私的）”可知， "devotion（奉献）”符合句意。应选C。69、The offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.A. disasterB. pathC. brochureD. personality答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析句意：这本宣传手册提供了多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别墅的信息。A. disaster灾难；path 道路;C. brochure 小册子;宣传手册；D. personality 性格。由下文“offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes."可知，宣传手册能提供多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别熨的信息，应选C,70、We have moved in