高中英语词法学习之冠词知识点汇总归纳带答案第y8030期.docx
高中英语词法学习之冠词知识点汇总归纳带答案单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)1、Let's look at the bag. Can you sees"on the corner of bag?A. a, aB. a, theC. an, aD. an, the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:让我们看看包。你能看见袋子角上有一个吗?第一空考查不定冠词表示一个的概念,表 泛指,且s发音为元音音素开头,故用an;第二空考查定冠词的特指这个包,是上文提到过的bag,故用 the。应选Do2、In early 1970s, Shenzhen was still a peaceful fishing v川age where people enjoyed traditionalway of life.A. /; theB. the; aC. /; theD. /; a答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:20世纪70年代初,深圳还是一个宁静的渔村,人们享受着传统的生活方式。第一空处, 表示几十年代时,其前加定冠词the,为固定用法,the early 1970s意为20世纪70年代初;第二空处,根 据句意,享受着(一种)传统的生活方式为泛指,故在traditional way of life前用不定冠词,综上,应选B。3、 In 1778, Banks was elected president of the Royal Society,position he held for 42 years.A. /, theB. the, /C. the, theD. /, a答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:1778年,Banks中选为皇家学会的主席,这是一个他拥有了 42年的职位。第一空的 president意为”主席“,在表示职位、头衔的名词作主语补足语时,前面要用零冠词;第二空表示泛指,意A. a, aB an, theC. an, aD. the, the答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:一一你觉得这本语法书怎么样?一一哦,这真是一本有用的参考书,值得再读一遍。第一空 用不定冠词表示泛指,指的是“一本有用的参考书,useful不是以元音因素开头,不用an,要用a;不定冠 词a与序数词连用表示再,又,不表示次序,a second time表示再次,故第二个空用a,应选A。28> Li Qiang is honest boy. He wants to be useful person when he grows up.A. a; anB. an; aC. a; a答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:李强是一个老实的男孩。当他长大了,他想成为一个有用的人。分析句子可知,第一个空 后的honest中的h不发音,故第一个因素是原因,故应用an来修饰;第二个空后的useful在音标中的第一个音节是/j/是辅音,故用a来修饰。结合选项,应选B。29> I really don't want to talk about exam we took just now. I'm not in mood for it.A. the;theB. the;aC. an,aD. an;the答案:A解析:考查冠词和固定搭配。句意:我真的不想谈论我们刚刚参加的考试。我没有心情。第一个空格处用the,此处 是特指刚才我们参加的考试;第二处,in the mood for sth.是固定搭配,意为有情绪做做某事。应选A。30、 This is useful book for most of you.A. anB. a10C. theD. /答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:这是一本对你们大多数人都有用的书。此处泛指一本有用的书,useful是以辅音因素开头 的词,应使用不定冠词a。故B选项正确。31、 It is announced that$20,000 reward will be offered for return of the stolen sculpture.A. a; theB.不填;theC. a; aD.不填;a答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:据宣布,归还被盗石雕将获得2万美元的悬赏金。由句意可知,第一空表泛指,reward悬 赏金,是可数名词,泛指一笔20000美元的赏金;第二空特指被盗的石雕的追回,用定冠词。应选A。32、 When you finish reading the book, you will have _ better understanding of _ life.A. a, theB. the, aC. /, theD. a, /答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:当你读完这本书的时候,你会对生活有更深的理解。此题第一空是固定词组have a better understanding of有更好的理解;第二空的名词life是一个抽象名词,要单独使用,不需要冠词。应选D。33、Though my brother has been out of work for more than half a year, he never loses heart.A. /; /B. /; theC. the; /D. the; the答案:A解析:考查固定短语。句意:尽管我哥哥已经失业半年多了,但他从来没有失去信心。根据固定句型:outofwork11(失业)和lose heart (失去信心)可知,在这两个固定短语中,不用冠词。应选A。34、I usually have egg and some bread for breakfast.A. aB. anC. theD. /答案:B解析:考查不定冠词。句意:我通常早餐吃一个鸡蛋和一些面包。此处egg是可数名词,以元音因素开头,所以前 面加an表示“一。应选Bo35、 一I'm making progress with his help.Great! I hope you can go to a famous university next year.A. /; aB. the; /C. the; aD. /; /答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:一一在他的帮助下,我正在取得进步。一一好极了!我希望你明年就能去名校。第一空,表 示“取得进步短语为make progress,中间不需要冠词;表示“明年短语为next year。应选D。36、Where is Jack?I think he is still in bed, but he might just be in bathroom.A.不填;不填B. the; theC. the;不填D, 不填;the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:一一杰克在哪儿?一一我想他还在睡觉,但他可能在浴室。bed是指其用途,即:be in bed在睡觉。第二空指双方都知道的洗手间,故特指。应选D。37、Penicillin,chemical in mould that was first discovered in 1928, wasn't purified to be used as a medicine12 until World Warll.A. a; theB. /; /C. the; theD. a; /答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:青霉素是1928年首次发现的霉菌中的一种化学物质,直到第二次世界大战后才被提纯用作 药物。chemical为名词,此处泛指一种化学物质,故用不定冠词a;专有名词前通常使用零冠词,故第二空 不填。应选D。38> I don't understand what the engineer means, but I/ve got rough idea of project plan.A. the; aB.不填;theC. the;不填 D. a; the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:我不明白工程师的意思,但我对工程计划有了大致的了解。前空泛指一种大致的想法,所 以用不定冠词a。后空特指project plan,所以用定冠词the。应选D。39、 The two rooms are of size, but another room is three times size of them.A. the; aB. a; theC. a; aD. the; the答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:这两个房间大小相同,但另一个房间是它们的三倍大。第一空处使用固定搭配,Sb./Sth.be of+a+表示种类、数量、度量等的抽象名词表示(人或物)具有某种共同特征,该名词前常用不定冠词 修饰;第二空处使用固定句型A + be +倍数+ the +表示度量等的抽象名词+ of+ B,用来表示A是B的倍, 该句型中在名词前常用定冠词the。综上,应选B。40> The woman who used to be in charge of a big company is in charge of a nurse at present.A. the;不填 B. the; the13C.不填;不填D.不填;the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:那个曾经负责一家大公司的女人现在由一个护士负责。介词短语in charge (of sth)意为负责(某事);in sb's charge/in the charge of sb意为由某人负责,根据句意可知,空1为负责某事;空2为由某人负责。应选D项。41> Mark worked as _ volunteer during the Beijing Olympic Games, which had _ profound effect on his life.A. a;不填 B. the;不填 C. the ;aD. a ;a答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:在北京奥运会期间马克担任一名志愿者,这对他的生活有深远的影响。第一个空中volunteer为可数名词单数,故应填a;第二个空中have an effect on对有影响。应选D。42、 I would wear unique green hair when I was in my twenties.A. aB. anC. theD. /答案:D解析:考查零冠词。句意:我二十多岁时,留着一头独特的绿色头发。wear +发型(long hair/short hair/blonde hair), 表示留着什么样的发型,不需要冠词。应选D。43、In 1940s, in twenties, my grandfather had to move to the northeast of China to makeliving.A. the; the ; aB. the; his; theC. the; his; aD. a; his; the答案:C14解析: 考查冠词和代词。句意:二十世纪四十年代,我的祖父在他二十来岁时不得不搬到中国东北谋生。年代前要加定冠词the。in one,s+基数词的复数"在某人多大时"。make a living"谋生"。以上都为固定用法。故C选项正 确。44、Lily didn't remember the exact date of the storm, but she knew it was Sunday, because she was atchurch.A. a; theB. a ; /C. the; aD. the; /答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:丽丽不能准确的记住风暴的时间,但是她知道那是一个周六,因为她在教堂里做礼拜。第 一空Sunday是一个泛指的名词,前面用不定冠词a;第二空at church是固定短语,意为"做礼拜。应选B。45、According to the latest survey, most students focus more on how to find good job when they leavecollege.A. a; theB. a; aC. a;不填D.不填;不填答案:c解析:试题分析:考查冠词。句意:根据最新的调查显示,大多数学生的注意力更多集中在当他们大学毕业的时候如何找到一份好工作。leave college"大学毕业",a good job"一份好工作。应选C。【知识归纳】某些固定词组中不用冠词与by连用的交通工具名称前:by bus乘公共汽车;by car乘汽车;by bike骑/坐自行车;by train乘火车;by air/plane 乘飞机;by sea/ship 乘船10 take a bus, in a boat, on the bike 前需用冠词名词词组:day and night 日日夜夜;brother and sister 兄弟姐妹;hour after hour 时时刻刻;here and there 到15介词词组:at home在家;in surprise惊奇地;at noon在中午;on foot步行;at night在晚上;on duty值日; at work在工作;on time准时;for example例如;in class在上课;on show展览;in bed在床上go短语: go home 回家;go to bed 上床睡觉;go to school 去上学;go to work 去上班;go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing 去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼 考点:考查冠词46> In order to make it clear, I must go up to second floor and ask him second time.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; the答案:A 解析: 考查冠词。句意:为了确认,我必须去二楼问他第二次。第一空表示第二楼,应用序数词second,且前面用the修饰;第二空表示第二次,再一次,用不定冠词a修饰。应选A。47、We all hold view that the director in charge should bear full responsibility for the fire inShanghai.A. a, theB. the, /C. /, theD. the, the答案:B 解析: 考查冠词。句意:那位主管应该承当上海这起火灾的全部责任,我们都秉持这个观点。名词view后有同位语 从句进行解释说明,故第一空特指”这个观点,应用定冠词the; in charge负责;主管,固定短语,故第二空 用零冠词。应选B项。48、 It was great honor for our school to host 3rd teaching competition for High School teachers.A. a; theB. a; /C. /; theD. the; the答案:A 解析: 此题考查冠词。解题步骤:L确定第一空:honor表示引以为荣的人或事时,是可数名词,此处泛指一个很16 大的荣誉,应使用不定冠词,great是以辅音音素开头的词,应使用a; 2,确定第二空:根据空后3rd可知, 此处使用定冠词the。句意:举办了第三届高中教师教学大赛对我们学校来说是一个很大的荣誉。应选A。49> Kate, are you only child in your family?Yes, but new baby is on the way.A. a; theB. an; theC. the; aD. the; the答案:c解析:考查冠词。定冠词the表特指,不定冠词a, an表泛指或表数量“一”,a用于辅音音素前,an用于元音音素前; ”家里唯一的小孩”是特指,用the; “一个新婴儿“表数量“一”,new的第一个音是辅音/”,应选C.50> “Being able to afford _drink would be comfort in those tough years/'Grandpa murmured.A. the, theB. a, aC. a,不填 D. 不填,a答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:奶奶喃喃地说:在那些难熬的时光中,能买得起一杯饮料是一个莫大的抚慰。不可数名 词可以和不定冠词连用,表示名词的具体化。句中的drink作为“饮料”来讲为不可数名词,但a drink表示“一 杯饮料“;同样后面的comfort作为“抚慰”来讲不可数,但a comfort意为“(一个)慰藉者;(一件)抚慰的 事”。应选B。51> I made acquaintance of my wife in the university and I fell in love with her at first sight.A. an;不填 B. the; aC. the;不填 D. an; a答案:c解析:17 make the acquaintance of sb,结识某人;fall in love with sb.爱上某人。句意:我在大学里认识我妻子的而且我对她一见钟情。52> When armed with awareness of what you truly value, you are in excellent position to pick acareer you will find rewarding.A. an; anB. the; anC. an; theD. the; the答案:A解析:句意:当你意识到自己真正在乎的是什么,你会处于一种极好的状态去寻找一个你认为值得的职业。名词 awareness和position都是泛指,用不定冠词。选A。53、When I stayed in the countryside, I enjoyed leisurely walk in the fields, and felt warmth ofthe sun.A. /; theB. a; aC. /; aD. a; the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:当我待在乡下时,我喜欢在田野里悠闲地散步,感受阳光的温暖。根据句意可知,“我喜欢 休闲地散步,散步是指任何一次散步,表示泛指,且leisurely发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。后半 句,感受阳光的温暖表示特指,应用定冠词the,应选D项。54> I like to read works by Mo Yan,first Literature Nobel Prize winner in China.Me, too. I especially like novel Frog.A. the; theB. the; /C. /; theD. /; /答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:一一我喜欢读中国第一位诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言的作品。一一我也是,我特别喜欢青蛙 18这部小说。第一空用定冠词修饰序数词first,表示第一个,第二空用定冠词特指青蛙这部小说,故A 项正确。55、How about sports meeting?I should say it was success.A. a;/B. a;theC. /;theD. the;a答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:运动会怎么样?一一我应该说很成功。分析可知,第一个空后的名词"sports meeting应 是双方都知道的运动会,应该用定冠词the作为限定词表特指含义;第二空后的名词success为抽象名词, 意为成功,不可数名词,用在此处为抽象名词具体化,因此要用不定冠词a作为限定词,a success, 成功 的事,句中指“一个成功的运动会。应选D项。56、will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.A. The EvensB. The Evens/C. The EvensesD. Evenses'答案:c解析:考查冠词。句意:Evens 一家人将在即将到来的圣诞节期间,去环游世界。the +姓氏复数表示某某夫妇或 仪生某的一家人,应选C。57> This is third time that I've been to Wenzhou, I want to be there fourth time.A. the; /B. the; theC. the; aD. a; a答案:c解析:19为” 一个他拥有了 42年的职位”,用不定冠词a。应选Do小提示:定冠词the的用法:表示职位、头衔的名词作表语、同位语及补足语时,前面要用零冠词。此题第一空的president意为“主席” 在表示职位、头衔的名词作主语补足语时,前面要用零冠词Is this first time you've flown on British Airways?A. the;不填 B. the; aC. a; theD.不填;a答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意为:这是你第一次乘坐英国航空公司的飞机吗? the first time是固定搭配,意为第一次,用 the修饰序数词first; "British Airways"意为"英国航空公司是专有名词,前面不用冠词,因此第二空不填,故 选AoWhen you finish reading the novel, you will have better understanding of society.A. a; theB. the; aC.不填;theD. a;不填答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:当你读完这部小说时,你将会对这个社会有一个更好的理解。第一个空是固定短语have a better understanding of"对有一个更好的理解;第二个空后society是抽象名词,前面不加冠词。应选D。小提示:4、 If you sleep on the sea ice, there's possibility of floating out with ice.A. a; aB. /; theC. a; theD. a; /答案:C 考查冠词。句意:这是我第三次去温州,我想再去第四次。the+序数词+time表示"第次”,a+序数词+time表示"又一次",应选Co58、We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continentoA. the; theB. / ; theC. the; /D. /; /答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:我们乘船绕道去西海岸,而没有开车(直接)穿过大陆。by sea坐船,等于by ship,不需 加冠词,第二空大陆为说话双方所知道,故其前加定冠词the。应选B。20解析: 考查冠词。句意:如果你睡在海冰上,就有可能和冰一起漂浮。第一空处涉及固定表达there is a possiNlitythat"可能”,应用不定冠词a;第二空处特指上文的the sea ice,应用定冠词the修饰。应选C。5、 The teacher came in the classroom, book in hand. After that, he put the book in place.A. the, /B. the, theC. his, theD. /, /答案:D 解析: 考查零冠词。句意:老师走进教室,手里拿着一本书。之后,他把书放回了原位。book in hand是独立主格结 构,不用介词时也不用冠词,所以book和hand之前都不用冠词,相当于with a book in her hand; in place在 对的位置,适当的,准备就绪,put sth in place把放好,是固定短语,应选D项。8、Mike isA. eight years oldB. a eight-year-oldC. an eight-year-old答案:C 解析: 考查定语。句意:Mike是一个八岁的男孩。分析句子可知,boy是名词,应用形容词来修饰,故应用"eight-year-old”, 单词之间加连字符,year用单数,相当于形容词。且eight以元音音素开头,故用an"。结合选项, 应选Co9、 The New York Times started new text messaging service that delivers latest news to mobilephones.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. /; /答案:B 解析: 考查冠词。第一个空表泛指,所以要用不定冠词a;第二个空,形容词最高级前要用the,所以选B。10> It is said that bridge was built in Ming Dynasty.A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; a答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:据说,这座桥建于明朝。根据句子的语境,bridge是指具体某一座桥,属特指,故用the; 某个朝代的前面要用the。应选B。11、 How did you do in your essay?I got okay grade, but Mr. Jones gave Sarah top marks. She's teacher's pet, you know.A.不填;aB. an;不填C,不填;theD. an; a答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:一一你的作文怎么样?一一我得了一个不错的分数,但琼斯先生给了萨拉最高分。她是老 师的爱徒。第一个空格中后的grade是可数名词,此处表示泛指,且。kay发音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠 词an修饰;第二个空后的pet也同样是在这个语境中第一次出现,也是泛指,teachers发音以辅音音素开头, 需用不定冠词a修饰。应选D。12、 It is great honor for a country to host the Olympic Games. A great celebration was held inhonor of the event.A. a; aB. a; /C. /; /D. /; the答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:对于一个国家来说,举办奥运会是很荣幸的事。对此举办了一个盛大的活动去庆祝。It is a great honor for sb. to do sth.某人做某事很荣幸;in honor of为了纪念,庆祝。应选B。【点评】一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词,但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时,可用作可数名词且词义发生变化,叫抽 象名词具体化。主要类型如下:抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如:具体化(个体名词,可数名词)a surprise - 件令人惊讶的事;a success一个(件)成功的人(事);an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事);a failure失败者。抽象名词与a(an)连用,淡化了抽象概念,转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如:A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.英语知识是国际贸易中的一项必备(知识)。It is a waste of time reading such a novel.读这样的一本小说真是浪费时间。13、 Paris is most beautiful city, where you can see famous Eiffel Tower.A. the; theB. the; aC. a; aD. a; the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:巴黎是一个非常美丽的城市,在那里你可以看到著名的埃菲尔铁塔。第一空,根据句意表 示非常漂亮的城市应用a most city,泛指一个,且most是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a, the most beautiful city意为最漂亮的城市不符合语境;第二空特指埃菲尔铁塔应用定冠词the。应选D。14> As healthier lifestyle is being promoted, the bicycle has also become a tool that keeps people ongo.A. the; aB. a; aC. a; theD. a; /答案:c解析:考查冠词。句意:随着一种更健康的生活方式的推广,自行车也就同时成为人们上路代步的工具。第一个空表示数量一,所以要用不定代词a; on the go为固定搭配,意为忙个不停;十分活跃,故第二个空是固定 搭配。因此选C。15> As _ matter of fact,beauty of _ nature there made an excellent impression on me .A. a; the;不填 B. a; the; theC. the; the;不填 D. a;不填;the答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:事实上,那里的自然之美给我留下了极好的印象。as a matter of fact 事实上,为固定短语。 第二个人空表示特指,用定冠词the。nature表示自然界,大自然时,前面一般不加冠词。应选A项。16、Xi Jinping met with Hung Hsiu-chu,chairwoman of Kuomintang (KMT) Party, and called for officials on both sides of the Taiwan Straits to remain committed to one-China consensus(共识).A. the; theB.不填;theC.不填;aD.the;不填答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:习近平会见洪秀柱,国民党的主席,并呼吁海峡两岸的官员继续致力于一个中国。名词 在句中作表语、同位语时,当它所表示的职位、头衔等是独一无二的,那么不用冠词,故第一空不用冠词;第 二空特指一个中国的共识。应选b。17> At first,English language stayed the language in Britain.A. the, same like, usedB. /, the same like, being usedC. the, the same as, usedD. /, the same as, using答案:c解析:考查冠词的用法和非谓语动词。句意:起初,英语和英国使用的语言保持一致。第一个空特指英语这种语言, 因此使用定冠词the,第二个空考查固定搭配the same as与一样,第三个空考查非谓语形式,language跟use是被动的关系,因此使用过去分词充当后置定语,故答案为C。18、 What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting.A. a;不填 B. the;不填 C. the; anD. a; the答案:D解析:考查冠词用法。句意:我需要的是一本内容包含油画基础知识的书。先行词book有定语从句限制,结合从句 谓语contains是单数形式可知,此处泛指一本书,所以book前用不定冠词;而the ABC of sth.专指(某学 科的)基础知识,入门。应选D。19、The student, who gave his life to save a child, was honor to our school. A memorial is held here everyyear in honor of him.A. an; theB. an; /C. the; theD. a;/答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:那个为了救一个孩子而献出生命的学生,是我们学校的光荣。这里每年都会举行追悼会纪 念他。固定短语in honor of,意为"为了纪念,所以第二空不用冠词。据此可排除选项A、选项C;另 honor为元音开头,所以第一空要用an;表示一个(件)引以为荣的(事/人上应选B。20> The new D-type trains can run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometers hour. The trip from Shanghai toBeijing only takes 10 hours now.A. aB. anC. theD. /答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:这个新型D类别的火车能够以每小时200到250千米的速度行驶。由上海到北京的旅行只 需要十个小时现在。根据句意表达250千米每一小时,需要一个的含义,且hour中的h不发音,发音以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an。应选B。21> I caught glimpse of the newspaper, from which I saw report about the accident.A. a; /B. the; aC. a; aD. /; the答案:c解析:考查不定冠词。句意:我瞥了一眼报纸,从那儿我看到了一那么关于这个事故的报道。在这句话中,"catch a glimpse of意为瞥见一眼,为固定搭配。report (报道)前文中没有提到过,第一次出现,所以用不定冠 词修饰,又因其是以辅音音素开始的,故填a。应选C。22、 Nowhere have I seen beautiful valley. There are brooks, flowers and trees everywhere.A. a moreB. the moreC. the mostD. a most答案:A解析:考查冠词和比拟级。句意:我没见过比这更美丽的山谷。到处都是小溪、鲜花和树木。泛指一个美丽的山 谷,前面应用不定冠词;且此处为否认词+比拟级相当于最高级用法,故beautiful应用比拟级形式,前面 加more。应选A。23、 Minetta was in poor condition last week in hospital;therefore,her mother were in favour ofperforming an operation.A. /;theB. a;/C. /;/D. a;the答案:c解析:考查固定短语。句意为:Minetta上周在医院的情况很糟糕,因此她的母亲支持她做手术。in poor condition为 固定词组,意思是状