高中英语词法学习之冠词知识点汇总归纳带答案第b3699期.docx
高中英语词法学习之冠词知识点汇总归纳带答案单项选择题(精选试题名师出品)1、 What do you think of The Wandering Earth?Its really wonderful movie.A. aB. anC. theD. 答案:A解析:考查冠词用法。句意:一你觉得流浪的地球怎么样?一这真是一部精彩的电影。根据上下文语境可知,此处 "wonderful movie泛指“一部精彩的电影,故用不定冠词,且"wonderful为辅音音素开头,应选A。2、The book,to tell people how to learn English as second language, is very helpful forbeginners.A. intended; aB. intending; aC. intended; theD. intending; the答案:A解析:考查非谓语动词与冠词辨析。句意:这本书,想要告诉人们如何把英语作为第二语言学习,对初学者是有帮 助的。to tell people how to learn English as second language作定语,修饰 The book, beintended for/to do表示为了,目的是,故第一空填intended;不定冠词接序数词表示“再一;又一,此处 表示'又一门语言符合语境。应选A。3、In my hometown there used to be heavy rain now and then, and the river around town rosea lot after the rain.A. a, aB. /, /C. a, theD. /, a答案:C 解析: 答案:c解析:考查冠词。句意:他们一走进房间,看到的正是贝多芬在作曲方面的天赋。此处为thevery+名词结构,表示 加强语气,可以译为正是的,恰好的。应选C。26、 -Why not take umbrella? It is raining.-What good advice!A. a;anB. an;aC. an;/答案:c解析:考查冠词。句意:一一为什么不带把雨伞?正在下雨。一一好主意!根据umbrella是以元音音素开始的单词, 因此要用an; advice为不可数名词,因此在它前不能加冠词。应选C。27、On arriving home from the ancient city with a high level of civilization, the archaeologist unpacked his suitcase and was greatly amazed to see the silver-plated cup and saucer still in good shape.A. was; aB. were; aC. was; /D. were; /答案:C解析:考查冠词和主谓一致。句意:从文明程度很高的古城回到家中,考古学家翻开他的手提箱,惊奇地发现镀银 的杯碟依然完好无损。分析句子可知,第一个空在宾语从句中的be动词的主语是the silver-plated cup and saucer是指那一套镀金的茶杯及茶托,是一个整体,要用单数,而in good shape为固定搭配,意为事物情 况良好,因此C项为正确。28、 The firm was badly in need of a manager who has good knowledge of French.A. a;/B. the;aC. /;aD. /;the答案:C10解析: 考查冠词辨析。句意:这家公司急需一位懂法语的经理。in need of需要,为固定短语。一位懂法语的为泛 指,使用冠词a。根据题意,应选C。29、China you see today is powerful and fast-developing country, quite different from what it used tobe.A. The; aB. The; theC.不填;aD.不填;the答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:今天的中国是一个强大的、快速开展的国家,与过去大不相同。第一空特指”你现在看到 的中国";第二空表示"一个强大和快速开展的国家",表泛指。应选A。30> She came in for coffee and told me firecrackers kept her awake last night.A. a, theB. a,不填C. the, theD. the,不填答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:她来喝了一杯咖啡,并告诉我昨晚的鞭炮声让她一晚没睡。第一空不定冠词a,用于泛指, 表示一个;第二空the是定冠词,一般用于特指的名词前,此处指昨晚上的鞭炮声,应选A。31、-Our boss says the company is at crossroads.-Yes, it is challenging and demanding, but we shouldn't lose confidence.A. the; /B. the; theC. a; aD. /; the答案:A 解析:11 考查固定短语。句意:一一我们的老板说公司正处于十字路口。一一是的,这是一个挑战和要求,但我们不应 该失去信心。at the crossroads在十字路口,在关键时刻;lose confidence失去自信。应选A。32> Generally speaking, if a child grows up in big family, he is more likely to develop ability toget on well with others.A. a; anB. a; theC. the; /D. the; an答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:一般来说,如果一个孩子在大家庭中长大,他更有可能开展与他人相处的能力。a big family 泛指“一个大家庭;the ability to do特指做某事的能力。应选B。33、 Its great responsibility but also great honor to be chosen.A. a; aB. a; /C. /; /D. /; a答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:被选中不但是一个巨大的责任,而且是一个伟大的荣誉。第一个空泛指一个巨大的责任, great的首字母发音是辅音,所以第一个空填不定冠词a;第一个空泛指“一个伟大的荣誉",great的首字母发 音是辅音,所以第一个空填不定冠词a,应选A。34、Which of the two stories do you like better?shorter one, of course. I think it's really most interesting one.A. A; theB. The; aC. The; theD. A; a答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:一一这两个故事你更喜欢哪一个?一一当然是短一些的那个故事。我认为它确实是一个非常 有趣的故事。第一个空应该是用定冠词the表特指,特指两个故事中较短的一个;第二个空,两个故事作比 较不能用最高级,此处为不定冠词与最高级连用,表很,非常之意。应选B。1235、He just stood at distance, wondering if it was real goodbye.A. a, aB. a, theC. the, theD. the, a答案:A 解析: 句意:他站在远处,心里想着这是否是一次真正的再见。第一空考查固定搭配at a distance在远处;第二空用 不定冠词a表示“一次。应选A。36> The sentence just doesn't, no matter how you read it.A. make a senseB. make senseC. make the senseD. make senses答案:B 解析: 考查固定搭配。句意:不管你怎么读,这个句子就是讲不通。make sense表示讲得通,故B项正确。37、American films always have edge on foreign films at Oscars, regardless of how popular a foreignfilm might be.A. an; theB. the; theC. an; /D. the; /答案:A 解析: 考查冠词。句意:在奥斯卡颁奖典礼上,美国电影总是比外国电影有优势,不管外国电影有多受欢迎。固定短语have an edge on胜过,优于,the Oscars特指"奥斯卡金像奖,应用定冠词修饰。应选A。38 Now scientists are doing their best to make breakthrough in cancer research.A. theB. /C. aD. one答案:C 解析:13 考查冠词。句意:现在,科学家们正在尽他们最大的努力在癌症研究方面取得突破。根据句意,此处是短语 make a breakthrough”取得突破,应是不定冠词a。应选C项。39、Washing machines made in China have won worldwide attention and Haier has becomepopular name.A. a; theB. /; aC. /; theD. the; a答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:中国制造的洗衣机赢得了全世界的关注,海尔已经成为一个受欢迎的名字。第一空名词 attention为不可数名词,前不用冠词;第二空名词name为可数名词,泛指,所以用不定冠词,popular的发 音以辅音音素开头,故用a。应选B。40> The white paint was cracked and peeling away from itself in most unpleasant manner unlike thepaintwork in the house in Berlin.A. aB. theC. /D. any答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:与柏林那所房子的油漆不同,白色的油漆裂了,而且以最令人不快的方式剥落下来。 manner为可数名词,此处泛指一种令人不愉快的方式,用不定冠词a。应选A。41、Before China's Youth Day, Xi,secretary general of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, made a statement to the young,they find reasonable.A. the; thatB. /; in whichC. the; whichD. /; which答案:D解析:考查零冠词和定语从句。句意:青年节前夕,中共中央总书记、中央军委主席习向青年人发表了讲话,青年 人认为这是合理的。第一空,secretary general of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman14 of the Central Military Commission作Xi的同位语,表示职务及头衔的名词用作表语、补足语及同位语时,其前通常用零冠词,故第一空不填;第二空为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词statement,且先行词在从句中作宾语, 指物,故应用which, that不能引导非限制性定语从句。应选D。42> They had to bring the project under construction to end because of lack of money.A. the; anB. /; /C. /; anD. the; the答案:C解析:考查冠词。句意:因为缺钱,他们不得不结束正在建设中的工程。under construction固定短语,表示“在建设 中;bring to an end固定短语,表示“使结束。应选C。小提示:43、 The woman has complete absence of small talk. As a consequence, she acted as if she hadn'trecognized me and didn't make sound.A. /; aB. a; aC. the;/D. a; the答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:那个女人不太爱说话,所以见到我假装没认出来而且也没打招呼。have a complete absence of是固定搭配,意为“缺乏“;make a sound是固定搭配,是"没出声”之意。应选B。44、 Is this first time you've flown on British Airways?A. the;不填 B. the; aC. a; theD.不填;a答案:A15解析: 考查冠词。句意为:这是你第一次乘坐英国航空公司的飞机吗? the first time是固定搭配,意为第一次,用 the修饰序数词first; ”British Airways”意为英国航空公司是专有名词,前面不用冠词,因此第二空不填,故 选AoWhen you finish reading the novel, you will have better understanding of society.A. a; theB. the; aC.不填;theD. a;不填答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:当你读完这部小说时,你将会对这个社会有一个更好的理解。第一个空是固定短语have a better understanding 有一个更好的理解;第二个空后society是抽象名词,前面不加冠词。应选Do小提示:45、 I can't remember when exactly he left school and worked as a lifeguard. I only remember it wassummer.A. the; theB. the; aC. /; /D. /; a答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:我记不清他是什么时候退学当救生员的了。我只记得那是一个夏天。leave school意为退 学,为固定搭配,所以第一处空格应使用零冠词。句中第一次提及summer,所以是泛指,第二处空格应用 不定冠词。应选D。47> In January, 2017, Trump was elected president of the USA,position he will hold for 4 years.A. a; aB. /; aC. the; aD. the; the答案:B解析: 考查冠词的用法。句意:2017年1月,特朗普中选美国总统,任期4年。第一空,某一区域最高职务作补16足语时前面不用冠词,此处president作主语补足语,不用冠词;第二空表示泛指,为期4年的一个职位, 填不定冠词a。应选B。48> Mike is boy.A. eight years oldB. a eight-year-oldC. an eight-year-old答案:c解析:考查定语。句意:Mike是一个八岁的男孩。分析句子可知,boy是名词,应用形容词来修饰,故应用eightyear-old", 单词之间加连字符,year用单数,相当于形容词。月.eight以元音音素开头,故用an。结合选项, 应选Co49、Mom, I lost diamond ring you bought for me as my birthday present.Could you keep eyeout for it when you clean my bedroom?A. a; anB. a; theC. the; anD. the; the答案:C解析:第一空表示特指钻石戒指,应用定冠词,第二空keep an eye out for sb/sth意为“留心或注意某人或某物。应选 C。50、It is said that bridge was built in Ming Dynasty.A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; a答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:据说,这座桥建于明朝。根据句子的语境,bridge是指具体某一座桥,属特指,故用the; 某个朝代的前面要用theo应选Bo1751、 How did you do in your essay?I got okay grade, but Mr. Jones gave Sarah top marks. She's teacher's pet, you know.A.不填;aB. an;不填C.不填;theD. an; a答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:一一你的作文怎么样?一一我得了一个不错的分数,但琼斯先生给了萨拉最高分。她是老 师的爱徒。第一个空格中后的grade是可数名词,此处表示泛指,且okay发音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠 词an修饰;第二个空后的pet也同样是在这个语境中第一次出现,也是泛指,teache市发音以辅音音素开头, 需用不定冠词a修饰。应选D。52、 Going on a trip into space must be quite exciting experience.A. /; theB. /; anC. the; theD. the; an答案:B解析:考查冠词:句意:带太空旅行是令人兴奋的经历。第一空不填,space前面不加冠词,第二空就是的 experience,是经历,是可数名词,表述“一次令人兴奋的经历"。exciting首字母的发音为元音音素。应选B 项。53、 Paris is most beautiful city, where you can see famous Eiffel Tower.A. the; theB. the; aC. a; aD. a; the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:巴黎是一个非常美丽的城市,在那里你可以看到著名的埃菲尔铁塔。第一空,根据句意表 示非常漂亮的城市应用a most city,泛指一个,且most是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a, the most beautiful city意为最漂亮的城市不符合语境;第二空特指埃菲尔铁塔应用定冠词the。应选D。1854、As healthier lifestyle is being promoted, the bicycle has also become a tool that keeps people ongo.A. the; aB. a; aC. a; theD. a; /答案:c解析:考查冠词。句意:随着一种更健康的生活方式的推广,自行车也就同时成为人们上路代步的工具。第一个空 表示数量一,所以要用不定代词a; on the go为固定搭配,意为忙个不停;十分活跃,故第二个空是固定 搭配。因此选C。55> The king of hearts is the only one of the kings in a set of playing cards who mustache.A. doesn't haveB. don't haveC. doesn't have aD. don't have a答案:c解析:考查主谓一致和冠词。句意:红心王牌是一套扑克牌中唯一一张没有胡子的王牌。who引导定语从句,从句 中做主语,故从句谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致,the only one是单数,故从句谓语也用单数;have a mustache"有胡子,应选C。56、Xi Jinping met with Hung Hsiu-chu,chairwoman of Kuomintang (KMT) Party, and called for officials on both sides of the Taiwan Straits to remain committed to one-China consensus(共识).A. the; theB.不填;theC.不填;aD.the;不填答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:习近平会见洪秀柱,国民党的主席,并呼吁海峡两岸的官员继续致力于一个中国。名词 在句中作表语、同位语时,当它所表示的职位、头衔等是独一无二的,那么不用冠词,故第一空不用冠词;第19考查冠词。句意:在我的家乡,有时会下大雨,雨后城镇周围的河水涨了很多。A.a,a一个,一个;B./,/(无),(无);C. a, the一个,那个;D./,a (无),一个。第一空,结合语意,有时会下大雨,表示泛指一场雨,空处应用不定冠词a;第二空,结合语意,特指被河流围绕的城镇,空处应用定冠词the。应选C项。4、 Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is quite exciting experience.A. the,不填B. 不填,anC. an, anD. the, the答案:C 解析: 考查冠词。句意:从一万英尺高的飞机上跳下是一种令人兴奋的经历。airplane是泛指,前面需加不定冠词, airplane是元音音素开头,不定冠词用an; experience意为“经历,表泛指,前面需加不定冠词,exciting是 元音音素开头,因此不定冠词用an,应选C。5、After finishing her homework, Sherry played piano for half an hour.A.不填 B. anC. aD. the答案:D 解析: 考查冠词。句意:在完成作业以后,Sherry弹奏了半小时钢琴。乐器前需加定冠词the。应选D。6、What bad memory I have! You see, I forget to takeA. a; /B.不填;theC. a; theD. the; a答案:C 解析: 考查冠词。句意:我的记性真差!你看,我忘记带钥匙了。第一空为感叹句What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+其他! ,bad为辅音音素开头的单词,应用a;第二空,key为特指,应用定冠词。应选C。7、In China,number of high school students choose to go to college in Beijing, because there they have 二空特指"一个中国的共识。应选B。57、 Paris is most beautiful city, where you can see famous Eiffel Tower.A. /, theB. a, /C. the, anD. a, the答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:巴黎是一座非常美丽的城市,在那里你可以看到著名的埃菲尔铁塔。A. /,the/,这个;B.a, / 一个,/; C.the, an这个,一个;D.a, the一个,这个。根据句意可知,巴黎是一座非常美丽的 城市,句中没有比拟的范围,所以most在这里不是最高级,而是副词非常,空处修饰city,为泛指一个城 市,所以第一个空要用不定冠词a; Eiffel Tower为世界上独一无二的事物,所以要用定冠词the。应选D。58、Experts think that recently discovered painting may be PicassoA. the.不填 B. a;theC. a;不填 D. the;a答案:D解析:考查冠词。句意:专家认为最近发现的那幅画可能是毕加索的一幅画。第一个空特指最近发现的那幅画指, 第二个空泛指毕加索的一幅画。应选D项。20 more and better chances to find a good job in the future.A. a;/the; theB. a; thethe; /答案:A解析:考查固定短语。句意:在中国,许多高中生选择去北京上大学,因为在那里他们将来有更多更好的机会找到 一份好工作。固定短语a number of“许多;一些,go to college上大学,应选好There was time I stayed in New York with my parents.A. a; thatB. a; whenC. the; thatD. the; when答案:B解析:考查定语从句。此处time时期,做先行词,在后面的定语从句中做时间状语,应选B。9、We have every reason to believe that 2022 Winter Olympic Games will be great success.A. /; aB. the; /C. the; aD. a; a答案:c解析:考查冠词。句意:我们有理由相信2016年的奥运会将会是成功的。这里特指2022年的冬季奥运会,所以用定冠词;success可以用作可数名词,指” 一个成功的人或一件成功的事”。应选C。小提示:抽象名词具体化的用法:a success 一个成功的人,一件成功的事;a failure 一个失败的人,一件失败的事;an honour 一个荣幸的人, 一个荣幸的事;have a good knowledge of有某方面的好知识。10> When did you last see your first teacher?thOn Friday last June, at celebration of her 40 year of teaching.A. a; theB. a; aC. /; aD. /; the答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:一一你最近一次见到你的第一位老师是什么时候?一一在去年六月的一个星期五,在庆祝她 任教40周年的典礼上。第一空泛指去年6月的一个周五,应用不定冠词;第二空特指第40个任教典礼,应 用定冠词。应选A。11> It is pity that the industrial cities built in nineteenth century don't attract visitors.A. a; theB. the; theC. the; aD. a; a答案:A解析:试题分析:考查冠词用法。句意:这座在19世纪建设的工业城市不能吸引游客正是一件遗憾的事情啊!。a pity 一件遗憾的事;序数词前面用定冠词the。应选A。【点评】.序数词前面加the,表示“第一;不定冠词+序数词,表示又一一,再一一1) .当分词做定语的时候,如果构成分词的动词与名词构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做定语;当二者构成被 动关系,使用过去分词做定语。单独的一个分词做定语要放在名词的前面,分词短语做定语要放在分词的后 面。考点:考查冠词用法12、The size of the generation gap seems to be spreading with rapid changes in technology, in educationin transportation and in communication that are taking place all over globe.A. the; theB. the; /C. /; /D. /; the答案:A解析:考查冠词和固定短语。句意:随着全球技术、教育、交通和通信的迅速变化,代沟的规模似乎正在扩大。第 一空,changes特指技术、教育、交通和通信的迅速变化,应用定冠词;第二空,表示全球短语为all over the globeo 应选 A。13> What about the party last night?It was great success. I think it's great pity that you didn't attend it.A. /; theB. a;aC. /;aD. a; the答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:一一昨晚的聚会怎么样?一一这是一个巨大的成功。我认为你没有参加真是太遗憾了。第一 个空泛指一个巨大的成功,great的首字母发音是辅音,所以用不定冠词a; it's a great pity that真遗憾该 句型是固定句型,所以第二个空填a,应选B。14、 It's great honour for us to fight for honour of our country.A. a; /B. a; theC. /; theD. a; a答案:B解析:考查冠词。解题步骤:1 .确定第一个空:分析可知,此句中名词honour应是指之后的to fight forhonour of our country这件事,抽象名词具体化,应用不定冠词作限定词,且honour之前有形容词great修饰,选择a。2.确定第二个空:分析可知,空后的honour之后有of介词短语“of our country修饰,应5表示特指,应用定冠词the作限定词。句意:为祖国的荣誉而战是我们无上的光荣。应选B项。15、 It's not easy for Tom to find a job, who has been in prison for many years. So he is still outof work.A.不填;aB. the; aC.不填;不填D.the;不填答案:c解析:考查冠词。句意:对于汤姆来说找到一份工作不容易,因为他坐牢好多年,因此他仍然失业。坐牢是in prison; 失业是out of work.,根据固定搭配判断都不填冠词,因此选C。16、Mary, we left you in charge of the room, but now its in mess!A. the; aB.不填;aC. the;不填D, 不填;the答案:B解析:考查冠词。句意:玛丽,我们让你负责这个房间,但现在房间乱七八糟。(be) in charge of是掌管、负责 之意,表示主动、掌管,主语常是人,比方:I am in charge of the work .我负责这项工作/这项工作由我负责。(be) in the charge of表由掌管、负责之意,表示被动、被掌管、被负责,in还可以用under代替,比 如:This class is in the charge of an experienced teacher.这个班由一位经验丰富的老师负责。这里表示主动,让 你负责这个房间,所以要用in charge of。in a mess是固定短语,意为"乱糟糟,一团糟。应选B。17> When he discovered that it was all joke, he laughed so hard that he nearly fell to ground.A. a;不填B. the;不填C. a; theD. the; a答案:C 解析: 考查冠词。句意:当他发现这是一个笑话时,他笑的很激动几乎都要摔到地上了。结合句意,第一空后可数 名词joke表示一个笑话,泛指,且音标以辅音素开头,故用不定冠词a限定;第二空处,名词ground常与 定冠词the搭配,表示“地面。应选C。18、 It is comfort to know that you have had fun staying here.A. a; /B. a; theC. /; theD. /; /答案:A 解析: 考查冠词。句意:得知你在这里过得很愉快,我感到很欣慰。分析句子结构可知,It在句中是形式主语,不 定式"to know that you have had fun staying here是真正的主语,表示“得知你在这里过得很愉快是使我感到安 慰的事,comfort作可数名词,表示泛指,所以其前用不定冠词a; have fun doing sth.是固定短语,所以第二 空使用零冠词。应选A项。19> There is bottle of milk in the fridge.A. /B. aC. anD. the答案:B 解析: 考查冠词。句意:冰箱里有一瓶牛奶。根据句意可知,此处指有一瓶牛奶,应用不定冠词,bottle的发音以辅音音素开头,应用a。应选B。20、Did you see the new movie directed by that famous director? Its said to be great success.-No, I have been busy preparing all the office these days.A. /; equipmentsB. the; equipmentC. /; equipmentD. a; equipment答案:D 解析: 考查冠词和名词复数。句意:一你看过那位著名导演,导演的新电影了吗?据说非常成功。一没有,这些天我一直在忙着准备所有的办公设备。success为不可数名词,但a success强调是一件个)成功的事或人。这 是抽象名词的具体化的用法。equipment为不可数名词,没有复数形式,不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正 确。小提示:抽象名词是指表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词。抽象名词一般为不可数名词,如success, progress, pity, surprise等。但是,在一定场合下,某些抽象名词和某些物质名词可以具体化为个体名词,这 时它们具有可数名词的功能,这种情况我们称之为抽象名词具体化。现将中学阶段常见的这类名词归纳如下:一、表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词,有时可具体化为可数 名词。这时常组成,/an +形容词+抽象名词结构。如:He has a great interest in English.他对英语显得很感兴趣。二、表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人或物,这类名词有的已经完全转化为可数名词,词义也有所 变化。如:抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如:抽象名词(不可数)具体化(个体名词,可