2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(上)Units 4-6.docx

八年级（上）Units 4-6教材词汇分层训练净重点单词背记1.1 .theater/theatre .戏院;居U场eat几座位;坐处（如椅子等）1.5 creen .银幕;屏幕.ticket机票;入场券4 .song儿歌;歌曲.fresh。次新鲜的;清新的6 .pretty 加相当;十分;很 时.漂亮的.menu机菜单7 .meal .早（或午、晚）餐;一餐所吃的食物.role几作用;职能;角色8 .prize九奖;奖品;奖金.example儿实例;范例9 .poor。力.贫穷的;清贫的.news .新闻节目;新闻10 .mind 乂介意;对（某事）烦恼.joke比笑话;玩笑11 .cartoon ,动画片;卡通片.famous.著名的;知名的12 .rich a的.富有的2O.successful获得成功的;有成就的21 .might modal以可能;可以 mon q4普通的;常见的22 .film .电影.ready/.愿意的;准备好的1 .一Did you watch the football game yesterday?一Yes,I did.John is really a dark horse.Nobody expected him to go so far.【解析】根据语境可知，此处指没人预料到约翰在比赛中会有如此好的表现，因此这里用expect sb.to do sth.结构，再根据语境可知,本句用一般过去时。故填expectedoalways wish/wished I could fly like a bird.【解析】根据语境可知，此处指不太可能实现的愿望，应用wisho3.They told us they hoped to visit our city the next year.【解析】句意:他们跟我们说，希望明年来拜访我们的城市。表示主观上有希望实现的愿望用hope to do sth.“希望做某事”。考点5make sure的用法【教材原句】Just make sure you try your best.只要确保你尽了 最大努力。(P42)make sure意为“确俣"。例如：First,make sure the printer has enough paper in it.首先，确保打印机里面有足够的纸。妙辨异同勃辛析 make sure 和 be suremake sure意为“核实;查明;确保”。例如：I wanted to make sure you were all right.我想确保你一切都好。(2)be sure意为“务必，一定”。例如：You are sure to tell me all the things.你务必要告诉我所有的事情。活学活用根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词我将送你回家以确保你是平安的。ril walk you homejust to make sure you are safe.【解析】根据句意可知，空处应填make sure,意为“确保”。重占 八、句型考点 6Yes,Sun Cinema is the newest one.You can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats.是的,太阳影院是最新开的一家。你可以坐得最舒服，因为那里有最大的座椅。（P26）形容词和副词最高级的常用句型：的”。in表示“在某一范围内”，后接表示区域、时间、单位、团体等的名词或代词，且不与主语表示同一 概念范畴，如family,group,school,city等;of表示“在同类之间”,of后面的名词与主语同类，且名词前一般有 定冠词the;among表示“在（三者或三者以上）之间”,among后接代词或没有修饰语的名词。例如： This novel is the most interesting one of the three.在这三部小说中，这一部最有趣。Tom sings the best in his class.汤姆在他们班歌唱得最好。This picture is the most beautiful among these.这张图画是这些图画中最好看的。2.2e娱域他例如：Li Bai is one of the greatest poets in China .李白是中国最伟大的诗人之一。活学活用.（2021 青海改编）一Chinese government has controlled COVID-19.I think so.China is the only country that allows millions of people traveling around during holidays.A.successful B.more successfullyC.most successfully D.the most successful【解析】考查副词最高级。句意:中国政府控制新冠肺炎最成功。我也这么认为。中国是唯一 一个在假口期间允许成千上万人旅游的国家。根据语境可知，此处应用最高级。此处修饰动词control, 应用副词。【答案】Cmovie I've ever seen.movie I've ever seen.1 .My People,My Country isA.more educationalB.the most educationalC.educational D.less educational【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：我和我的祖国是我看过的最有教育意义的电影。分析句子结构 可知，这里是把我和我的祖国放在所有看过的电影中进行比拟，这属于“多者之间进行的比拟”,再结合 语境可知,应用最高级。【答案】B安徽中考真题精选I .单项填空.（2021 安徽第 26 题）Every student is supposed to a sporting activity for a healthy life.（ D ）A e across B.put away C.turn down D.take up.（2020-安徽第 22 题）There is more space in the high - speed train and the journey becomes more .（ D ） A.seriousB .boringC.dangerous D fortable.（2020安徽第 24 题）一China has formed a deep friendship with countries around the world.一That's true.We are working together in many fields.（ A ）A.closelyB.nervouslyC.terriblyD.humorously.（2016安徽第 35 题）Mr.Black's memory is getting.As a result,he often leaves his keys athome.（ B ）A.older B.poorerC.greaterD.better.（2014安徽第 33 题）一Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?一Sure,.（ A ）A.no problem B.not at allC.my pleasure D.well done.（2012安徽第 41 题）一Let's discuss the plan,shall we?Not now.I to an interview.（ C ）A.go B.wentC.am going D.was goingII .单词拼写1 .（2021 安徽第 76 题）Our success lies in working together as a team （团队）.2 .（2019安徽第 92 题）My English teacher is always ready （准备好的）with advice for our study and life.3 .（2018安徽第 92 题）Everyone has arole （角色）to play in making our country more beautiful.25 .army .陆军;陆军部队.doctor几医生26 .engineer 工程师.pilot ,飞行员27 .college .学院;大学;高等专科学校.university九（综合性）大学;高等学府28 .London 伦敦.article九文章;论文29 .team儿队;组.promise .承诺;诺言艮承诺;许诺30 .hobby ".业余爱好.schoolwork .学校作业;功课37 .question以怀疑;提问;质询;表示疑问 几问题;疑问.relationship 儿关系;联系净重点单词拓展 fortable 的.使人舒服的;舒适的 uncomfortable （反义词）力使人不舒服的;令人不舒适的一 comfort ,舒适:抚慰以宽慰;抚慰t comfortably ad”舒服地;舒适地1 .close.（在空间、时间上）接近吠关:停业。du接近;靠近> clos近 力.关着的> closely adv.紧密地;亲密地2 .cheaply 4db廉价地;低廉地 cheap adj.廉价的.choose ”选择用K选一 chose （过去式）一 chosen （过去分词）一 choice 选择3 .reporter 几.记者一 report & .报道;报告.service儿接待:服务> serve，接待:服务:提供7.act h扮演几表演者 action 行动;措施t actor几演员 actress .女演员8.give艮提供;给gave （过去式）given （过去分词）9.stand u忍受;站立 stood （过去式/过去分词）.educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的一 education九教育10 .plan v.&几计划:打算 planned （过去式/过去分词）.hope m&n,希望hopeful adj.有希望的hopeless adj.不可救药的;没有希望的11 .discussion n.讨论;商量一 discuss讨论;商量.happen b发生:出现happening九事件:发生的事情（尤指不寻常的）12 .expect 乂预料;期待expected adj.预料的;预期的unexpected adj.出乎意料的;始料不及的.meaningless adj.毫无意义的;意思不明确的 meaningful （反义词）/.有意义的 meaning 意 义:意思一 mean 意思是:打算;意欲力小气的:吝啬的一 means （复数形式）九方法:手段13 .culture .文化;文明cultural adj.文化的.appear艮出现一 appearance 出现:露面:外貌:外表 disappear （反义词）艮消失;不见14 .become u开始变得;变成became （过去式）become （过去分词）.main 力.主要的;最重要的mainly 4d乜主要地:大局部15 .reason .原因;理由- reasonable adj.合理的;明智的.simple。力：简单的;易做的一» simply adv.简单地;仅仅;只;不过23 .cook九厨师以烹饪;煮 cooker .厨具.scientist n.科学家一 science ".科学一 scientific adj.科学 的25 .medicine n.药:医学 medical adj.医疗的;医学的.send以邮寄:发送一 sent （过去式/过去分词）27 .foreign adj.外国的一 foreigner n.外国人.able皿/.能够 unable （反义词）44.不会的;不能的 ability n.能力 disabled adj.有残疾 的28 .beginning儿开头:开端一 begin 以开始.physical M/.身体的;物质的 physics几物理29 .paint乜用颜料画;在上刷油漆 painter油漆匠;画家t painting n.油画;绘画.personal adj.个人的；私人的一 person 6 人一 personality 几个性争重点短语积累l.so far到目前为止;迄今为止2 .have.in common有相同特征;（想法、兴趣等方面）相同.all kinds of各种类型的;各种各样的3 .be up to是的职责;由决定.play a role发挥作用;有影响4 .make up编造（故事、谎言等）5 .for example 例如.take.seriously 认真对待6 .plan to do sth,计戈ll做某事.find out查明;弄清7 .have a discussion 讨论.be ready to准备好（做某事）;愿意（做某事）8 .dress up装扮;乔装打扮.take sb.'s place 代替;替换9 .do a good job 干得好.grow up长大;成熟;成长10 .try one's best 竭尽全力.be sure about确信;对有把握11 .make sure确保;查明.make the soccer team成为足球队的一员12 .be able to能够做某事.make promises 许诺13 .at the beginning of 在开始.write down写下;记录下14 .have to do with 关于;与有关系.take up （尤指为消遣）学着做;开始做;占用争核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词1 .This time Tom did best and at last he became the winner （获胜者）.2 .Tomorrow is my son's birthday,and I want to choose （挑选）a gift for him.1.1 can't open the door because I lost （丧失）the key just now.4 .He finally became an excellent pilot （匕彳亍员）through his effort.5 .The little girl wears apretty （漂亮的）dress and looks very beautiful.6 .There are still many seats （座位）left,so you don't need to hurry.7 .My grandpa sent （邮寄）a basket of fruit to me yesterday.8 .Mr.White is afamous （著名的）singer and many people like his songs.9 .Can Ipaint （用颜料画）the card any color I like?10.1 expect （期待）to visit Paris because I want to see the Eiffel Tower.熟词生义.close熟义：Q的.（在空间、时间上）接近V.闭上;（店铺、商店等）关门，关闭（一段时间）;不开放生义：Q力.亲密的;密切的（l）Shops were closed in some cities to stop the spread of the virus（病毒）.（ B ）（2）British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.（译林牛津八下 Unit 5）（ C ）A.接近B.关门C.亲密的. act熟义”扮演儿表演者生义:儿行为;行动;所为;（戏剧、歌剧等的）一幕u做事;行动;行为（l）Smiling is an act of kindness.So,smile as often as you can!（C ）（2）Some only sit up or get out of bed or act like how they often do during the day when they are sleeping! （2020-辽宁丹东）（D ）A.扮演B.表演者C九行为D.R行为.poor熟义:。的.贫穷的;清贫的生义：4步可怜的;不幸的;劣质的;不擅长的（1 ）Mary is poor at math,and she thinks it's difficult D ）（2）He's still a poor boy without parents9 love,though he is of great wealthy B ）A.贫穷的B.可怜的C.劣质的D.不擅长的1 . appear熟义:也出现生义:也好像是;似乎;仿佛(l)Jenny promised to come to the party,but she didn't appear.(A )(2)They appeared not to know what was happening.( B )A.出现B.似乎2 .rich熟义:富有的生义:公。丰富多彩的;肥沃的;富饶的;油腻的;大量含有(或提供)(l)The area is rich in wildlife.( B )(2)However,the hospital told him the bill had already been paid by a rich elderly man.(2020江苏泰州X a )A.富有的B.大量含有C.肥沃的D.油腻的3 .stand熟义”站立;忍受生义:九看台;货摊认立在(某处);位于(l)Lisa is too weak to stand straight by herself.(A )(2)There is a hamburger stand in the street.(D )A.站立B.忍受C.看台D.货摊名师考点精讲重占八、词汇考点1 close的用法【教材原句】It's the closest to home.它离家最近。(P25)词性含义例句动词关;合上； 关闭Will you close the door,Tony?托尼，能不能关下门？结束，终止The offer will close before the Spring Festival.优惠将在春节前结束。关门,关闭;The shop closed down sometime last year.这家商店是去年的某个时候停业的。停业形容词（在空间、时 间上）接近The match results were so close that they had to begin again,比赛结果非常接近，所以他们不 得不再比一次。密切的； 亲密的My mother and his mother are close friends.我的母亲和他的母亲是关系杀给的朋友。副词接近;靠近Don't come too close to the dog.另Ll太靠近那条狗。活学活用.The Internet is so connected with our daily life.Can you imagine a life without it?A.closelyB.hardly C.recentlyD.friendly【解析】考查副词。句意:互联网与我们的日常生活息息相关。你能想象没有它的生活吗?根据“Can you imagine a life without it?”可知，互联网与我们的生活是密切相关的。closely“密切地:符合语境。【答案】A.一Where are you going on holiday this summer? Chengdu?一You are .We will go on a 6-day trip to Chongqing.A.right B.funny C.cool D.close【解析】考查形容词。句意:今年夏天你准备去哪里度假?去成都吗?你的答案很接近。我们要 去重庆玩六天。根据常识可知，成都离重庆很近，再结合语境可知,此处是指对方的猜想很接近，应用closeo【答案】D考点2mind的用法【教材原句】I don't mind them.我不介意它们。（P33）Lmind作动词，意为“介意;对（某事）烦恼;关心”。常见用法:mind doing sth."介意做某事”;Would you mind （one's） doing sth.?“你介意（某人）做某事吗?”;never mind"不要紧;没关系”;mind your own business“别管闲 事1 .mind作名词，意为“头脑;想法;智力”。常用搭配:keepin mind"记住”;change one's mind"改变某人的想法”;make up one's mind to do"下定决心做v;come to one's mind"某人突然想到“。活学活用.Although I have read the book twice,I don't mind it a third time.Because it is really worthreading.A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管这本书我已经读了两遍，但是我不介意读第三遍。因为它值得一读。mind doing sth.”介意做某事【答案】D.After listening to her mother's words,Lucy has made up her to change her bad habits.A.brain B.chanceC.mind D.choice【解析】考查名词。句意:露西听了她妈妈的话后，决定改掉那些坏习惯。make up one's mind to do“下 定决心做【答案】C考点3happen的用法【教材原句】I like to follow the story and see what happens next.我喜欢跟随故事的情节，看看接下来会发生什么。(P34)LfeSEE弧作王及物姻谟为啜弱出现二无擅意处魁注谙通赏是事物。例如：You will never guess what has happened.你绝对猜不到发生 了什么。1 .hagp我还直殛例如：She happened to be out when we called her.我们打 给她时，她碰巧不在家。2 .显成弧的赏见用法电演助§1110£&她2塞人碰巧做某事“JMhl国RBS0J9史某人发生工MS”。例如：We happened to meet in the street.我们碰巧在大街上遇见了。What happened to you on April Fool's Day?愚人节那天你发生了什么事？妙辨异同勃辛析 happen 和 take place(l)happen意为"(碰巧)发生”，指事情的发生具有一定的偶然性。例如：On my way home,a car accident happened.在我回家的路上，发生了一起交通事故。take place意为“发生;举行"，指事先计划好的事情按照预定的方向发生。例如：The concert will take place tomorrow.音乐会将在明天举行。注意:happen和take place都不能用于被动语态。活学活用.After we had the history class,I knew that in 1919,the May 4th Movement in China.A.took place B.heldC.happened D.took after【解析】考查动词和动词短语。句意:在我们上过历史课之后，我知道了 1919年中国爆发了五四运动。 take place指事先计划好而发生的事，符合语境。hold意为“举行”，一般指举办，主语通常是人;happen意为 “发生”，指事情的发生具有一定的偶然性;take after意为“与相像;模仿;效仿”。【答案】A.一What to Tony?He looks so upset.一He failed the math test and didn't get the chance to study abroad.A.brought B.tookC.happened D. offered【解析】考查动词。句意:托尼发生什么事了？他看起来很沮丧。他没有通过数学考试，也没能 获得去国外学习的机会。根据句意可知，前者是问托尼发生了什么事,happen“发生”，符合语境。【答案】C考点4hope,wish和expect的用法【教材原句】I hope to be a TV reporter one day.我希望有一天成为一名电视台记者。（P34）单词用法例句hope表示主观上的愿望，并有信心实现这种愿望。后接不定式、宾语从句，但不可以接复合宾语。We hope to arrive around two.我们希望能在两点钟左 右到达。I hope he will arrive in time.我希望他能及时赶到。wish表示客观上不太可能实现的愿望，也可以表示 祝愿。后接不定式、双宾语或宾语从句（从句 中要用虚拟语气）。I wish I knew what was going to happen.但愿我矢口道耍 发生什么事。expect表示出于有把握、有信心的一种“期望”，含有 “等待发生”之意，后接名词、不定式作宾语或宾 语补足语。I expect you to give me a hand.我期彳寺你能帮助我。活学活用用hope,wish或expect的适当形式填空,每词限用一次