剑桥商务英语BEC高级阅读真题英文15897.doc

Evaluation Warning: The document was created with Spire.Doc for .NET.剑桥商务务英语BEC高级阅阅读真题题PARTT ONNEQuuesttionns 11 - 8· Loook at thee seenteencees bbeloow aand at fivve ppasssagees ttakeen ffromm a boook aabouut ffamoous mannageemennt tthinnkerrs oon tthe oppposiite pagge.· Whhichh paassaage doees eeachh seenteencee reeferr too?· Foor eeachh seenteencee 1 - 88, mmarkk onne llettter A1 B, C, D oor EE onn yoour Ansswerr Shheett.· Yoou wwilll neeed to usee soome of theese lettterrs mmoree thhan oncce.Exxampple:Hee haas ddeveelopped hiss owwn ccomppanyy too prromoote hiss woork.0 A BB C D EE1 Othherss inn hiis ffielld tthinnk vveryy hiighlly oof hhim.2 Hiss iddeass haave sprreadd beeyonnd tthe bussineess worrld.3 He fellt tthatt peeoplle sshouuld be ablle tto eenjooy ttheiir wworkk.4 Hiss iddeass arre mmoree coompllex thaan ttheyy seeem.5 He didd a varrietty oof iinteeresstinng tthinngs befforee wrritiing hiss boookss.6 Hiss moost succcesssfuul bbookk waas wwritttenn wiith a ccollleaggue.7 He is parrticculaarlyy skkillled at forrecaastiing impporttantt deevellopmmentts.8 Conntacct wwithh thhe mmiliitarry wwas an earrly infflueencee onn hiis tthinnkinng.A Johhn AAdaiirAddairr iss thhe ppionneerringg Brritiish thiinkeer iin tthe theeoryy off leeadeershhip. Hee waas tthe firrst perrsonn inn thhe UUK tto hholdd a proofesssorrshiip iin BBusiinesss LLeaddersshipp annd hhas pubblisshedd a serriess off innfluuenttiall boookss onn thhe ssubjjectt.Deespiite hiss quuiett apppeaarannce, Addairr haas hhad a ccoloourfful liffe, serrvinng iin aa Beedouuin reggimeent andd woorkiing on an Arccticc fiishiing boaat! Hiss innitiial inttereest in leaaderrshiip ccamee frrom hiss arrmy expperiiencce aand he useed tto llectturee att thhe hhighhly preestiigioous acaademmy wwherre BBrittishh arrmy offficees aare traaineed. He noww woorkss ass ann innterrnattionnal connsulltannt.B Edwwardd dee BoonoDee Boono is unuusuaal aamonng mmajoor gguruus ffor twoo reeasoons: fiirsttly, hee waas bbornn noot iin oone of thee GRREatt inndusstriial nattionns bbut on thee tiiny isllandd off Maaltaa. SSecoondlly, hiss iddeass haave reaacheed aa wiiderr auudieencee thhan jusst mmanaagerrs, so thaat hhis boooks havve BBECoome esssenttiall reendiing in manny ddifffereent disscipplinnes.Moost of de Bonno ss woork hass beeen conncerrnedd wiith thee waay hhumaan bbeinngs cann trrainn thhemsselvves to thiink morre ccreaativvelyy. TThiss appparrenttly simmplee iddea hass reesulltedd inn 377 boookss annd aa hiighlly ssucccesssfull caareeer aas aa leectuurerr annd cconssulttantt.C Petter DruuckeerPrrobaablyy noo ottherr siinglle tthinnkerr haas ddonee ass muuch as Druuckeer tto eestaabliish mannageemennt aas aa seerioous areea oof sstuddy. Cerrtaiinlyy, hhis fellloww maanaggemeent thiinkeers connsidder himm onne oof tthe fouundiing fattherrs oof tthe disscipplinne, andd hiis bbookks aand artticlles aree quuoteed mmoree thhan thoose of anyy ottherr maanaggemeent wriiterr.Hiis ffirsst bbookk waas ppubllishhed as farr baack as 19339, yett hee iss sttilll wrritiing andd teeachhingg. HHis greeateest disstinnctiion hass beeen hiss abbiliity to preedicct ccomiing treendss inn buusinnesss annd eeconnomiics. Ass a ressultt, hhis ideeas aree trreatted witth tthe greeateest resspecct aand inttereest.D Freederrickk HeerzbberggAllthooughh reelattiveely feww coonteempoorarry mmanaagemmentt sttudeentss wiill havve rreadd hiis bbookks, Herrzbeerg s nnamee iss innstaantlly rrecoogniisabble to anyyonee whho hhas stuudieed iinduustrriall orrgannisaatioons. Thhis is beccausse tthe Ameericcan psyychoologgistt waas rrespponssiblle ffor inttrodduciing thee coonceept of mottivaatioon iintoo maanaggemeent thiinkiing.Ass a youung mann, HHerzzberrg bbecaame deeeplyy innterrestted in menntall illlneess andd thhe hhumaan nneedd foor mmenttal andd emmotiionaal ssatiisfaactiion. Thhis ledd hiim tto ccritticiise thee appprooachh off maany commpanniess too joob ddesiign, annd tto aarguue ffor thee neeed forr joob eenriichmmentt too sttimuulatte eemplloyeees efffortts.E Tomm PeeterrsThhe AAmerricaan ss reeputtatiion wass crreatted in thee I 9800s bby tthe speectaacullar succcesss oof oone boook, In Seaarchh off Exxcelllennce, coo-wrrittten witth RRobeert Wattermman. Thhe ttwo werre wworkkingg toogettherr ass maanaggemeent connsulltannts andd noo-onne eexpeecteed ttheiir ffirsst (andd onnly) boook to endd upp seelliing 5 mmilllionn coopiees wworlldwiide!Allthooughh hiis iideaas hhavee beeen criiticciseed, Petterss poopullariity as a sspeaakerr annd wwritter hass coontiinueed tto ggroww. SSo mmuchh soo thhat Petterss haas ccreaatedd hiis oown bussineess to marrkett boookss, vvideeos andd coonsuultaancyy baasedd onn hiis wworkk.PARRT TTWO Quuesttionns 99 - 14· Reead thiis ttextt frrom an artticlle aabouut hheallth cluubs.· Chhoosse tthe besst ssenttencce ffromm thhe ooppoositte ppagee too fiill in eacch oof tthe gapps.· Foor eeachh gaap 99 - 14, maark onee leetteer AA - H oon yyourr Annsweer SSheeet.· Doo noot uuse anyy leetteer mmoree thhan oncce.· Thheree iss ann exxampple at thee beeginnninng (0).Trraveel sstreess briingss booom to heaalthh cllubssA rappid groowthh inn buusinnesss trraveel hhas proovidded a llucrratiive spiin-ooff forr Brritiish heaalthh cllubss ass coompaaniees ttry to preevennt hhardd-woorkiing exeecuttivees ffromm suuffeerinng ttravvel-rellateed sstreess.Heealtth cclubbs aare fullly boookedd thhrouughoout thee coominng mmontths alll arrounnd tthe couuntrry aand manny aare plaanniing to exppandd thheirr faacillitiies.0 H AAccoordiing to Gillliee Tuurneer, grooup marrkettingg maanagger forr thhe CChammpneeys grooup of heaalthh cllubss, dduriing thee laast reccesssionn exxecuutivves losst mmanyy off thheirr exxtraa beeneffitss ass coompaaniees ccut bacck. . 99 Shhe ssayss thhat larrge commpanniess allso seeem tto hhavee deecidded thaat iit iis nno ggoodd seendiing sommeonne tto aa coounttry likke SSpaiin aas aa reewarrd ffor doiing a ggoodd joob, BECCausse ttheyy wiill simmplyy eaat ttoo mucch aand floop oontoo a beaach. . 10Chhamppneyys, thee coompaany ackknowwleddgedd ass thhe mmarkket leaaderr inn thhis fieeld, iss noow pplannninng tto iintrroduuce a sspecciall "PProffitiing froom SStreess"" cooursse, whiich willl rrun oveer tthreee ddayss. . 111 Joonatthonn Sttaplletoon, genneraal mmanaagerr off Chhamppneyys, sayys tthatt mooderrn ccorpporaate liffe bbeinng wwhatt itt iss, mmostt buusinnesss trraveelleers finnd tthatt thhey aree haavinng tto ddo tthe worrk wwhicch - evven a yyearr aggo - waas ddonee byy twwo. 12Too meeet thiis nnew demmandd, ootheer hheallth cluubs aree allso thiinkiing of inttrodduciing simmilaar sscheemess. CClarre BBranndissh, thee saaless annd mmarkketiing dirrecttor of anootheer hheallth cluub, hass nooticced a mmarkked chaangee inn thhe cclieenteele at herr cllub. . 13Buusinnessses of alll kiindss arre aanxiiouss too reeducce aabseenteeeissm. . 114 MMuchh off thhe pprobblemm iss caauseed bby llongg peerioods awaay ffromm hoome, irrreggulaar hhourrs, bussineess entterttainningg annd jjet lagg.Acccorrdinng tto tthe Guiild of Bussineess Traavell Aggentts, salles of bussineess-claass airrlinne ttickketss haave rissen by 12% inn thhe ppastt yeear, hootell boookiingss haave gonne uup bby 336% andd caar hhiree haas rriseen bby 224%. Daave Reyynollds, thhe GGBTAA chhieff exxecuutivve, sayys tthatt thhe ttrouublee iss thhat thee saame nummberr off peeoplle aare beiing askked to traavell moore oftten. Hee coommeentss thhat it is nowoondeer ttheyy neeed to takke aa brreakk inn a heaalthh cllub.A It hass beeen callcullateed tthatt abboutt 400 miilliion worrkinng ddayss arre llostt eaach yeaar iin BBrittainn beecauuse of strresss, tten timmes as manny aas aare losst 110 iinduustrriall diispuutess.B Thiis hhas invvolvved a cconssideerabble risse iin tthe nummberr off buusinnesss boookiingss, wwherreass prreviioussly mosst cclieentss caame as priivatte iindiividdualls.C Noww thhey aree beeingg reestooredd, aas iinduustrry rreallisees tthatt thhe hheallth of itss exxecuutivves is vittal.D Butt whho wwilll beeneffit mosst ffromm thhesee deevellopmmentts?E Beccausse oof tthe preessuuress thhis impposees, manny ccomppaniies havve nnow deccideed tthatt itt iss woorthhwhiile payyingg foor ttheiir sseniior exeecuttivees tto ttakee a prooperr brreakk annd gget advvicee onn hoow tto ccombbat strresss.F Exeecuttivees ttakiing parrt iin iit wwilll bee giivenn maassaagess annd hheallth treeatmmentts, worrkouuts andd a rannge of tallks on howw too deeal witth sstreess, esspecciallly wheen ttravvelllingg.G So whaat ss thhe rreasson forr thhis noww trrendd?PARTT THHREEE Quuesttionns 115 - 200· Reead thee foolloowinng aartiiclee onn reecruuitiing andd maanaggingg sttafff annd tthe queestiionss onn thhe ooppoositte ppagee.· Eaach queestiion hass foour sugggesstedd annsweers or wayys oof ffiniishiing thee seenteencee, AA, BB, CC annd DD.· Maark onee leetteer AA, BB, CC orr D on youur AAnswwer Sheeet, foor tthe ansswerr yoou cchooose.Ass a mannageer iin tthe serrvicce iinduustrry ssecttor, I''ve loookedd att huundrredss off CVVs iin mmy ttimee. TTheyy arre nnot neccesssariily thee bllandd doocummentts ssomee boossees mmighht tthinnk ttheyy arre! Theey aare fulll oof llitttle poiinteers towwardds iindiividdualls pperssonaalittiess annd ssuittabiilitty ffor thee joob. Thee fiirstt thhingg I alwwayss loook at is an apppliccantt s empployymennt rrecoord. I cheeck forr coontiinuiity andd sttabiilitty. If sommeboody hass a lonng llistt off prreviiouss joobs, alll oof vvaryyingg leengtth, alaarm bellls staart rinnginng. Rattherr thhan an irrreguularr rooutee frrom jobb too joob, whaat II hoope to seee iss sttablle ccareeer prooGREEssiion. Whhat doees ttheiir ccareeer patth llookk liike - iis iit aall steeps forrwarrd, or aree thheree a lott off siidewwayss moovess? AAnd I aam aalwaays pleeaseed tto ffindd a fammilyy peersoon wwithh chhilddrenn, BBECaausee inn myy exxperriennce theey ttendd too bee reespoonsiiblee annd rreliiablle.I nevver relly oon CCVs aloone. Wee geet aappllicaantss too fiill in onee off ouur oown apppliccatiion forrms. Wee assk wwhy theey'vve aapplliedd, wwhatt thheirr asspirratiionss annd pperssonaal ggoalls aare, annd aalsoo abboutt thheirr innterrestts aand hobbbiees aand anyy cllubss thhey bellongg too. TThatt giivess yoou aa ussefuul iinsiightt innto theeir perrsonnaliity andd liifesstylle. Thee apppliicattionn foorm alsso eenabbless uss too teest howw muuch peooplee haave acttuallly beeen pproggresssinng iin ttheiir ccareeerss, bbecaausee wee assk ffor dettaills oof tthe sallariies theey hhavee reeceiivedd foor eeachh joob.Itt s alwwayss woorthh loookiing at CVss annd ddesiigniing apppliccatiion forrms witth ggreaat ccaree. TTakiing on empployyeess miightt bee reewarrdinng, butt itt iss allso a bbig invvesttmennt ffor anyy buusinnesss. MMisttakees iin cchooosinng sstafff ccan cosst ccomppaniies deaar, so it makkes sennse to speend timme eensuurinng yyou gett thhe rrighht ppersson.Inn thhe sservvicee seectoor, onee off thhe aaimss off coompaaniees iis tto mmainntaiin aand impprovve ccusttomeer sservvicee, aand thiis iis aachiieveed pparttly thrrouggh llow staaff turrnovver. Yoou nneedd too taake on peooplee whho uundeersttandd thhat, annd wwilll waant to staay. Thaat ss whhy, wheen yyou''ve takken staaff on, thhe nnextt thhingg iss geettiing thee beest outt off thhem.Myy maanaggemeent styyle commes froom tthe dayys wwhenn I toook ooverr myy fiirstt buusinnesss, aan aailiing roaad hhaullagee fiirm whiich I wwas cerrtaiin II coouldd tuurn intto aa prrofiitabble commpanny. Thee fiirstt thhingg iss too trreatt ottherrs aas yyou d llikee too bee trreatted youurseelf. Ass sooon as I ttookk ovver thee buusinnesss, II taalkeed tto eeverryboody inddiviiduaallyy, aand loookedd foor wwayss too maake surre ttheiir ppartticuularr skkillls bbeneefitted thee coompaany.I diddn'tt haave mucch eexpeerieencee thhen of mannagiing peooplee, bbut aboove alll I alwwayss trriedd too bee faair andd hoonesst wwithh evveryyonee. AAs aa reesullt, I tthinnk tthe staaff kneew tthatt annd aacceepteed mmy ddeciisioons, evven if theey ddidnn't agrree witth tthemm alll. Alsso, bosssess muust be ablle tto ccommmuniicatte. Youu allso neeed tto ccreaate teaam sspirrit, annd bbuilld oon tthe strrenggth of thee teeam. I expplaiinedd myy pllanss foor tthe commpanny tto aall thee sttafff, aand lett thhem alll knnow whaat II neeedeed ffromm thhem. Thhe llorrry ddrivverss reespoondeed bbrillliaantlly, andd weere thee keey tto tturnningg thhe bbusiinesss rrounnd. Theey uundeersttoodd thhat we hadd too deevellop a pproffesssionnal repputaatioon, andd frrom theen oon tthe dayys oof ppoorr quualiity delliveeriees wweree ovver.Laastlly, I aam aa grreatt beelieeverr inn prrofiit-ssharringg. IIt ttakees aa teeam to makke aa coompaany worrk, so proofitts sshouuld be shaaredd byy alll. Jobb saatissfacctioon iis iimpoortaant, buut iit ddoessn'tt paay tthe rennt. Shaaredd prrofiit aand bonnusees hhelpp too sttrenngthhen teaam sspirrit by givvingg evveryyonee a commmonn gooal thaat ttheyy woork towwardds ttogeetheer.15 WWhatt faact doees tthe wriiterr hoope to leaarn froom aappllicaantss CVVs?A thaat ttheyy haave expperiiencce oof mmanyy diiffeerennt jjobssB thaat ttheiir ccareeerss haave devveloopedd stteaddilyyC thee oppiniion theeir empployyerss haad oof tthemmD wheetheer ttheyy arre mmarrriedd orr siinglle166 Thhe wwritter sayys tthe apppliccatiion forrm iis uusefful BECCausse iitA revvealls ssomeethiing of thee apppliicannt ss chharaacteer.B givves infformmatiion aboout thee apppliicannt ss faamilly.C expplaiins whaat sskillls thee apppliicannt hhas forr thhe jjob.D shoows howw muuch thee apppliicannt wwantts tto eearnn.177 Acccorrdinng tto tthe wriiterr, wwhy aree CVVs aand apppliccatiion forrms so impport