商务英语阅读Unit5-叶兴国.ppt
UNIT 52014.10Business English:A Reading CourseBACKGROUND INFORMATION有人说:你不理财,财不理你。如何理财?有人投资停车场、农场牲畜、金币:价值可能降低,但较稳妥保险;专业人士建议,考虑“钱生钱”:购买债券、债券型基金和货币市场基金、黄金、艺术品、房地产、纪念币和邮票等,要善于管理,确保它们产出利润;关注私人不动产抵押贷款和汽车保险,以避免不必要的损失;善于利用打折信息,减少货币支出;网上购物等。WARM-UP QUESTIONS1.1.At At the the time time of of the the worldwide worldwide economic economic recession,recession,financial financial management management becomes becomes more more necessary necessary than than ever ever before.before.Have Have you you ever ever thought thought of of how how to to keep keep more more cash cash when when we are losing money every day?we are losing money every day?2.With the gyrations in the financial markets,2.With the gyrations in the financial markets,what can investors do to seek refuge from the what can investors do to seek refuge from the financial storm?financial storm?Business English:A Reading CourseREADING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING Basic reading skills:1)Skimming 1)Skimming 略读:略读:2)Skipping 2)Skipping 跳读:跳读:skimming_and_scanning.docskimming_and_scanning.doc3)Guessing the new words 3)Guessing the new words 猜测生词:猜测生词:Business English:A Reading CourseREADING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING Questions:1.What is word formation?1.What is word formation?2.What are the word formations we often use?2.What are the word formations we often use?Unit 5:Affixation;Compounding;Unit 5:Affixation;Compounding;Unit 6:Conversion;Blending;Shortening;Unit 6:Conversion;Blending;Shortening;Unit 7:Onomatopoeia;Back formation;Formation of nonce words;Loan Unit 7:Onomatopoeia;Back formation;Formation of nonce words;Loan word;Coinage word;Coinage Business English:A Reading CourseREADING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 1.Affixation:1.Affixation:前缀法前缀法 Prefixation:Prefixation:加前缀加前缀 Suffixation:Suffixation:加后缀加后缀2.Compounding:2.Compounding:合成法合成法 Compound Nouns:Compound Nouns:复合名词复合名词 Compound Adjectives:Compound Adjectives:复合形容词复合形容词 Compound Verbs:Compound Verbs:复合动词复合动词 Compound Adverbs:Compound Adverbs:复合副词复合副词 Compound Pronouns:Compound Pronouns:复合代词复合代词 Business English:A Reading CourseUNIT 5READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 3.Conversion:3.Conversion:转化法转化法/Zero derivation/Zero derivation零位派生零位派生 e.g.doctor e.g.doctor 医生医生n.to doctorn.to doctor伪造伪造v.v.4.Blending:4.Blending:混合法混合法/拼缀法拼缀法 1)1)前词首部前词首部+后词尾部后词尾部:teletelecast=television+broadcast cast=television+broadcast 电视广播电视广播 2)2)前词全部前词全部+后词尾部后词尾部:workworkaholic=work+alcoholic aholic=work+alcoholic 工作狂工作狂 3)3)前词首部前词首部+后词全部后词全部:heliheliport=helicopter+portport=helicopter+port首都机场首都机场 4)4)前词首部前词首部+后词首部后词首部:interinterpol=international+policepol=international+police国际警察国际警察5.Shortening:5.Shortening:缩略法缩略法 1)clipped words 1)clipped words 缩略词缩略词 a.front clipping a.front clipping 截头截头teletelephonephone phone phone b.back clipping b.back clipping 去尾去尾 corpcorporation corporation corp c.front&back clipping c.front&back clipping 截头又去尾截头又去尾 in influfluenza flu;enza flu;2)acronym 2)acronym 首字母缩略词首字母缩略词WHO World Health OrganizationWHO World Health OrganizationBusiness English:A Reading CourseUNIT 6READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 6.Onomatopoeia6.Onomatopoeia拟声词构词法拟声词构词法:1)1)直接直接:音与义基本吻合,能直接产生音义之间的互相联想,使音与义基本吻合,能直接产生音义之间的互相联想,使用频率高。用频率高。A.A.模仿动物的声音模仿动物的声音:grunt:grunt猪猪;croak;croak青蛙青蛙;hiss;hiss蛇蛇B.B.模仿物体的声音模仿物体的声音:rustle:rustle树叶沙沙声树叶沙沙声;hubble-bubble;hubble-bubble冒泡声沸腾声冒泡声沸腾声C.C.模仿人的声音模仿人的声音:giggle:giggle咯咯地笑咯咯地笑;sneeze;sneeze打喷嚏打喷嚏;snigger;snigger吃吃地笑吃吃地笑2)2)间接间接:非直接模拟事物的发声,但它们特别适合表达某种意义,非直接模拟事物的发声,但它们特别适合表达某种意义,能象征某种概念或意境,引起人们联想。如能象征某种概念或意境,引起人们联想。如m m是低沉的鼻音,是低沉的鼻音,它象征任何低沉声,如它象征任何低沉声,如murmur,mutter,mumblemurmur,mutter,mumble都表示嘟哝声都表示嘟哝声;humhum表示蜜蜂的嗡嗡声表示蜜蜂的嗡嗡声,moan,moan表示哀吟。表示哀吟。7.Back formation7.Back formation逆向构词法逆向构词法:去掉名词后缀构成动词,去掉名词后缀构成动词,如:如:typewrite typewriter;sightsee sightseeing;typewrite typewriter;sightsee sightseeing;televise television televise televisionBusiness English:A Reading CourseUNIT 7READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 8.Formation of nonce words:8.Formation of nonce words:杜撰式构词法杜撰式构词法 杜撰词,又称臆造词、临时语,是为了特定场合的需要而临时造的词。杜撰词,又称臆造词、临时语,是为了特定场合的需要而临时造的词。1)1)变形法:利用谐音来改变词的书写形式,达到以错字引人注意的效果。变形法:利用谐音来改变词的书写形式,达到以错字引人注意的效果。如如:Car Care Kar Care(Car Care Kar Care(汽车保养汽车保养);Cream Clean Kream Klean(Cream Clean Kream Klean(洗洁膏洗洁膏)2)2)增字法:增添字母或词缀,使词义延伸或变更。如:增字法:增添字母或词缀,使词义延伸或变更。如:Good Goooooood Good Goooooood(太好了太好了);Literature Litterature(Literature Litterature(垃圾文学垃圾文学)。3)3)减字法:保留原词的发音,舍去不发音的字母或字母组合;语音拼写减字法:保留原词的发音,舍去不发音的字母或字母组合;语音拼写词。如:词。如:Day&Night Day&Nite(Day&Night Day&Nite(日夜营业日夜营业)disk jockey deejay()disk jockey deejay(音乐节目音乐节目主持人主持人)4)4)换字法:换字法:以以“近似近似”创造一种似是而非的效果,有时也常以同音或近创造一种似是而非的效果,有时也常以同音或近音且本身有词义的单元替代某一单词的部分或全部而构成新词。如:音且本身有词义的单元替代某一单词的部分或全部而构成新词。如:penman punman(penman punman(说话模棱两可说话模棱两可);sleepwalking sleeptalking(sleepwalking sleeptalking(说梦话说梦话);dictionary pictionary(dictionary pictionary(图文词典图文词典)5)5)音义连动法:利用原词与生造词部分音节互换,构成音义连体的新词,音义连动法:利用原词与生造词部分音节互换,构成音义连体的新词,达到含蓄幽默的效果。如:达到含蓄幽默的效果。如:daily egg daylay egg(daily egg daylay egg(当日下的蛋当日下的蛋);Have a);Have a nice trip,bye-bye!Have a nice trip,buy-buy!nice trip,bye-bye!Have a nice trip,buy-buy!6)6)仿化法:仿照原有的同类词而创造出对应词或近似词。如:仿化法:仿照原有的同类词而创造出对应词或近似词。如:Watergate Watergate Oilgate,Debategate,MonicagateOilgate,Debategate,Monicagate;landscape landscape cityscape,riverscape,moonscapecityscape,riverscape,moonscape等。等。Business English:A Reading CourseUNIT 7READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 9.Loan word9.Loan word外来词构词法外来词构词法:如:如:karoshi(karoshi(日语日语):过劳死;:过劳死;westpolitik(westpolitik(德语德语):东欧国家的西方政策等。:东欧国家的西方政策等。10.Coinage10.Coinage创新式构词法创新式构词法:如:如:1)1)政治领域:政治领域:Ground ZeroGround Zero世贸废墟世贸废墟,the global coalition against terror,the global coalition against terror全球反全球反恐联盟恐联盟 political pluralismpolitical pluralism政治多元化政治多元化,bushismbushism布什执行的强硬政策等。布什执行的强硬政策等。2)2)经济领域:经济领域:G-7 nations 7G-7 nations 7国集团国集团,cyclic/bubble economy,cyclic/bubble economy循环经济循环经济,bubble,bubble economyeconomy泡沫经济泡沫经济,kick-start,kick-start重新振兴重新振兴 3)3)科学领域:科学领域:domain namedomain name域名域名,remote log-in,remote log-in远程录入远程录入,netiquette,netiquette网络礼仪网络礼仪,virtual communityvirtual community虚拟社区虚拟社区,roaming,roaming漫游漫游,paternity test,paternity test,亲子鉴定亲子鉴定 liposuction liposuction脂肪脂肪抽吸术等。抽吸术等。4)4)文化生活领域:文化生活领域:MulticulturalismMulticulturalism多元文化多元文化,headhunter,headhunter猎头公司猎头公司,internot,internot逃网一族等。逃网一族等。Business English:A Reading CourseUNIT 7TEXT A:WAYS TO KEEP MORE CASHNotes on the Text:1.Bureau of the Public Debt:1.Bureau of the Public Debt:公共债务局公共债务局,成成立于立于19401940年年6 6月月3030日日,其主要职责是筹措联邦政府其主要职责是筹措联邦政府所需的款项所需的款项,核算公共债务核算公共债务,发行和回购国库券发行和回购国库券,执行执行债务管理政策。比如:出售国库券和债券、向投资债务管理政策。比如:出售国库券和债券、向投资者支付利息、归还贷款、赎回投资者的证券等。此者支付利息、归还贷款、赎回投资者的证券等。此外,它还通过行政资源中心向各联邦政府实体提供外,它还通过行政资源中心向各联邦政府实体提供无偿的行政、财务管理和信息技术等服务。无偿的行政、财务管理和信息技术等服务。2.Series EE Bonds:2.Series EE Bonds:一种固定利率的系列电子一种固定利率的系列电子储蓄债券。该债券没有对通货膨胀的调节。储蓄债券。该债券没有对通货膨胀的调节。3.Series I Bonds:3.Series I Bonds:一种低风险、具有对通货膨胀一种低风险、具有对通货膨胀的调节的储蓄产品。的调节的储蓄产品。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT ANotes on the Text:4.payroll deduction:4.payroll deduction:从雇员薪水中扣缴。从雇员薪水中扣缴。5.Vanguard:5.Vanguard:美国先锋基金管理公司,于美国先锋基金管理公司,于19741974年约翰年约翰 鲍格尔鲍格尔(John Bogle)(John Bogle)创立,其前身威灵顿基金创立,其前身威灵顿基金则早在则早在19291929年就诞生了。在不长的时间里面公司已年就诞生了。在不长的时间里面公司已经在基金行业里占有突出的地位,是世界上第二大经在基金行业里占有突出的地位,是世界上第二大基金管理公司。基金管理公司。6.eBay:6.eBay:亿贝电子商务公司的门户网站,世界亿贝电子商务公司的门户网站,世界上最大的网上交易平台。上最大的网上交易平台。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT B:WHEN STOCKS TANK,SOME INVESTORS STAMPEDE TO ALPACASQuestions1.What are Mr.Boykin1.What are Mr.Boykins opinions on real-estate s opinions on real-estate investment and fund investment?investment and fund investment?2.According to the text,what are alternative 2.According to the text,what are alternative investments?investments?3.What does 3.What does“Holding them in your hand is like no Holding them in your hand is like no other feelingother feeling”mean?mean?Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:1.Andy Pick,a 49-year-old stay-at-home 1.Andy Pick,a 49-year-old stay-at-home father at Atlanta,recently bypassed the father at Atlanta,recently bypassed the stock market for liquid assets$120,000 stock market for liquid assets$120,000 in champagnes.in champagnes.现年现年4949岁、家住亚特兰大的家庭主夫安迪岁、家住亚特兰大的家庭主夫安迪 皮克最近避开股市,转向流动资产皮克最近避开股市,转向流动资产在香在香槟酒上投资了槟酒上投资了1212万美元。万美元。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:2.It2.Its sure beats looking at a Merrill Lynch s sure beats looking at a Merrill Lynch monthly statement,”he says,adding,“The monthly statement,”he says,adding,“The worst thing that could happen is that I drink worst thing that could happen is that I drink all of it.”all of it.”他还说:他还说:“这笔投资肯定比看美林证券这笔投资肯定比看美林证券的月度报告要好,可能发生的最糟糕的情况就是我要的月度报告要好,可能发生的最糟糕的情况就是我要把这些酒喝光。把这些酒喝光。”Merrill LynchMerrill Lynch:美林证券,成立于:美林证券,成立于18851885年,总部位于年,总部位于美国纽约市,是世界知名投资银行,主要从事为各类美国纽约市,是世界知名投资银行,主要从事为各类企业、政府机构及个人投资者提供投资、融资、咨询企业、政府机构及个人投资者提供投资、融资、咨询及财务顾问的服务,在及财务顾问的服务,在20082008年被收购。年被收购。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:3.Investors have long turned to hard assets in market 3.Investors have long turned to hard assets in market downturns,the idea being that if you invest in something downturns,the idea being that if you invest in something real,it wonreal,it wont disappear,even if its value declines.t disappear,even if its value declines.市场不景市场不景气的时候,投资者们常常会转而投资硬资产,因为如果你投资看得见、摸气的时候,投资者们常常会转而投资硬资产,因为如果你投资看得见、摸得着的实物,就算其价值下滑,东西也不会消失。得着的实物,就算其价值下滑,东西也不会消失。hard assetshard assets:硬资产是指切实存硬资产是指切实存在的、具有一定耐久性的、不易消灭的、在的、具有一定耐久性的、不易消灭的、受自然周期或经济周期影响较少的资产种类。硬资产这个概念是与软资产受自然周期或经济周期影响较少的资产种类。硬资产这个概念是与软资产(Soft Assets)(Soft Assets)和纸面资产和纸面资产(Paper Assets)(Paper Assets)相对的,软资产一般耐久性比较弱,而相对的,软资产一般耐久性比较弱,而纸面资产一般指证券或现金,是虚拟资产,并不切实存在。纸面资产一般指证券或现金,是虚拟资产,并不切实存在。目前,投资界目前,投资界一般认为以下资产属于硬资产:贵金属;基本金属一般认为以下资产属于硬资产:贵金属;基本金属(包括黑色金属和有色金包括黑色金属和有色金属属);能源;能源(主要是指化石能源主要是指化石能源);房地产;森林产品;房地产;森林产品(主要是指木材主要是指木材)。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:4.IRAs:Individual Retirement Accounts,4.IRAs:Individual Retirement Accounts,个人退休金账户。个人退休金账户。它是美国商业银行它是美国商业银行19741974年为没有参加年为没有参加“职工退休职工退休计划计划”的工人创设的一种新型储蓄存款账户。按的工人创设的一种新型储蓄存款账户。按照规定,只要工资收入者每年在银行存入照规定,只要工资收入者每年在银行存入20002000美美元,其存款利率就可以不受元,其存款利率就可以不受Q Q字条例的限制,字条例的限制,且可暂时享受免税优惠,直到存户退休以后,再且可暂时享受免税优惠,直到存户退休以后,再按其支取的金额计算所得税。按其支取的金额计算所得税。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:5.Last month,a record 14,000 bidders5.Last month,a record 14,000 bidders17%more than the previous high17%more than the previous highturned out for a coin-and-currency turned out for a coin-and-currency auction in Long Beach,Calif.,that auction in Long Beach,Calif.,that generated$35 million in sales.generated$35 million in sales.上个月,上个月,1400014000名竞标者参加了加州长滩的一个名竞标者参加了加州长滩的一个钱币拍卖会,这一人数较此前记录多出了钱币拍卖会,这一人数较此前记录多出了17%17%;此次拍卖会销售金额高达此次拍卖会销售金额高达35003500万美元。万美元。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:6.6.“ThereTheres kind of a buying frenzy”s kind of a buying frenzy”in vintage comic books,he says.in vintage comic books,he says.他说,老漫画书也遭遇了他说,老漫画书也遭遇了“收购狂收购狂热热”。Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISESI.F F T T T II.A D B A CIII.1.私人不动产抵押贷款保险私人不动产抵押贷款保险2.首期付款首期付款 3.估定价值估定价值4.私家旧货出售私家旧货出售5.夫妻共同申报所得税的申报书夫妻共同申报所得税的申报书6.你银行账户里的钱是不是消耗得比以前更快了?甚至你银行账户里的钱是不是消耗得比以前更快了?甚至财务报表都感觉到了压力。财务报表都感觉到了压力。7.市政债券的利息免缴联邦所得税,并且经常在所发行市政债券的利息免缴联邦所得税,并且经常在所发行的州内免缴州所得税。的州内免缴州所得税。8.在你工作或寻找工作时,如果你雇人照顾在你工作或寻找工作时,如果你雇人照顾13岁以下的岁以下的孩子,或者生活不能自理的人,如年迈的父母等,孩子,或者生活不能自理的人,如年迈的父母等,则符合税收抵免的条件。则符合税收抵免的条件。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT ATEXT BI.Discuss 1.Mr.Boykin is very confident in real estate investment.He believes real estate investment can bring more profits.2.Alternative investments refer to investment in real estate,parking space,exotic livestock,etc.instead of stocks and bonds.3.The feeling of having gold coins is exhilarating beyond description.Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISESTEXT BII.1.nest egg 2.is indicative of 3.turn to4.rent out 5.in great demand 6.on track Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISESTEXT BIII.Translation1.1.考虑到金融市场的动荡,一些投资者开始摒弃股考虑到金融市场的动荡,一些投资者开始摒弃股票和债券,转而在另类投资中寻求避风港,比如停票和债券,转而在另类投资中寻求避风港,比如停车位或秘鲁的公寓。车位或秘鲁的公寓。2.2.但是分析师说,这次的低迷不同于以往之处在于:但是分析师说,这次的低迷不同于以往之处在于:房地产房地产最传统的安全避风港最传统的安全避风港也下滑了。据也下滑了。据S&P/Case-Shiller 20S&P/Case-Shiller 20城市综合房价指数,城市综合房价指数,20062006年年7 7月月至今年至今年7 7月之间,房价跌了月之间,房价跌了19.5%19.5%。3.3.金币也面临着巨大需求。由于需求飙升导致供不金币也面临着巨大需求。由于需求飙升导致供不应求,上周美国造币局停止销售应求,上周美国造币局停止销售24K24K“美国水牛美国水牛”金币。金币。Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISES1.Try to remember new words and expressions in Unit 5;2.Make a summary for Part IV Supplementary Reading with no more than 50 words;3.Finish Part V Test Yourself on P61,five minutes for each passage.4.Preview new words and expressions in Unit 6.Business English:A Reading CourseAssignment