英文报刊选读Definitions, main features课件--高考英语复习.pptx
English Newspaper Reading Unit 2Definitions,main features and categories of newsReviewThe Significance of Newspaper Reading The Significance of Newspaper Readingna.Good learning resources for English learners for the rich vocabulary,which includes various idioms,common sayings and diverse phrases.nb.Enable the learners to enhance their reading ability by providing authentic English learning material.nc.Broaden the readers horizon,being the major access to world news.nd.Good helper for the learners to improve their writing skill,due to the expert use of various writing techniques like personification,irony etc.in features.1.The definitions and main features of news1.What is“news”?Can you give your definition?a)NEWS=North+East+West+South 东、南、西、北天下事b)Bad news is good news.c)It is not news when a dog bites a man,but absolutely news when you find a man bites a dog.The definitions and main features of news d)ordinary person(s)+usual occurrence(s)newsordinary person(s)+unusual occurrence(s)newsextraordinary person(s)+usual occurrence(s)=newsextraordinary person(s)+unusual occurrence(s)=good/big news e)News is any event,idea or opinion that is timely,that interests or affects a large number of people in a community and that is capable of being understood by Company LogoThe definitions and main features of newsNewsissfreshreportofevents，facts，oropinionsthatpeopledidnotknowbeforetheyreadyourstory Newsisanythingtimelythatinterestsanumberofpersons，andthebestnewsisthatwhichhasthegreatestinterestofthegreatestnumber Newsisanyevent，ideaoropinionthatistimely，thatinterestsoraffectsalargenumberofpeopleinacommunityandthatiscapableofbeingunderstoodbythem Newsisthereportingofanythingtimelywhichhasimportance，use，orinteresttoaconsiderablenumberofpersonsinapublicationaudience 2.Categories of NewsnNews falls into basic categories:n hard news and soft news.n“Hard news”includes-stories of a timely nature about events or conflicts that have just happened or are about to happen,such as crimes,fires,meetings,protest rallies,speeches and testimony in court cases.These stories have immediacy.2.Categories of News“Soft news”is defined as news that entertains or informs,with an emphasis on human interest(人人情情味味)and novelty（新新奇奇）and less immediacy than hard news.For example,a story about the effectiveness of diets would be considered soft news.Categories of News“Soft news”can also be stories that focus on people,places or issues that affect readers lives.These types of stories are called“feature stories.”A story about the growing number of babies suffering from AIDS could be considered a soft-news story.It isnt less important than hard news,but it isnt news that happened overnight.Hard News Soft Newsfeatures（特写）personal profile(人物特写)Anecdote(趣事；轶事)flash (快讯)urgent（急电）brief （简讯）Breaking news（突发新闻）If the action or event occurred the same day as or the day before publication of the newspaper,the event is called“breaking news.”nHard news vs.soft news:the tone of presentation A hard news story takes a factual approach:What happened?Who was involved?Where and when did it happen?Why?A soft news story tries instead to entertain or advise the reader.You may have come across newspaper or TV stories that promise news you can use.Examples?Tips on how to stretch properly before exercising;What to look for when buying a new computer.What are the qualities of a good news story?nWhat things are newsworthy?These are some of these traditional qualities of both hard-and soft-news stories:Timeliness (时效性)Proximity （接近性）Unusual nature（新奇）Celebrities （名人名流）Human interest（人情味）Conflict（冲突）Timeliness An event that happened the day of or day before publication or an event that is due to happen in the immediate future is considered timely.Some events that happened in the past also may be considered timely if they are printed on an anniversary of the event,such as one,five or 10 years after the incident.ProximitynAn event may be of interest to local readers because it happened in or close to the community.nFor example:Wuhanese will be quite interested in when the subway tunnels began to be built and when it will be accomplished.Unusual Nature:the uniqueness of an eventnThere is a well-known saying:n“It is not news when a dog bites a man,but absolutely news when you find a man bites a dog.”nIt sounds absurd,but fully illustrates one of the widely accepted news valuesthe unusual,bizarre nature of a recently happened event.CelebritiesnPeople who are well-known for their accomplishments primarily entertainers,athletes or people who have gained fame for achievements,good or badattract a lot of attention.nThis story ran on the front page because of the celebrity status of the entertainers.Human interest:nPeople like stories about people who have special problems,achievements or experiences.nThese stories can be profiles or unusual stories about people that make readers care about their plight.Conflict&Impact:nStories involving conflicts people have with government or other people are often newsworthy,especially when the conflict reflects local problems.Additional qualitiesAdditional qualitiesnSome additional qualities of news to consider:nHelpfulness:Consumers,health and other how-to stories.nEntertainment:stories that amuse readers,make them feel good or help them enjoy their leisure time.Additional qualitiesnInspiration:Stories about people who overcome difficultiesnSpecial interest:Some stories appeal to peoples interests in such subjects as science,business or religion or to such special groups as women,minorities,disabled people,veterans,college students or other groups with particular interests.Sources of news and news agenciesnWhat are news agencies?Organizations that collect,transmit,and distribute news to newspapers,periodicals,television,radio,and other journalistic and mass communication media.nThe largest worldwide news service：the Associated Press (AP),(美联社),1848,USA,Other major news agencies of the world:1.Reuters,1851,Britain,one of the largest European press agencies.(路透社).2.the United Press International,(UPI)1907,USA.(合众国际社)3.Agence France Presse,(AFP),1835,France.(法新社)4.Xinhua News Agency,1931,Peoples Republic of China.（新华社）5.Kyodo News Agency,1945,Japan (日本共同通讯社，共同社)English website:http:/home.kyodo.co.jp/Chinese website:http:/china.kyodo.co.jp/6.Deutsche Presse Agentur(DPA),1949.(德意志新闻社，德新社)7.Information Telegraphic Agency of Russia(ITA-TASS),1917,Russia (俄通社塔斯社，俄塔社)HomeworkDiscussion:1.What are the qualities of a good news story?2.What things are newsworthy?Writing Practice:Try to write a piece of news with a recent happening.Thanks!
