中考英语二轮复习课件完形填空解题技巧.pptx

完形填空解题技巧完形填空解题技巧1ADD TITLEPART1完形填空试题说明完形填空试题说明中考完形填空试题说明及时间规划 完形填空：共完形填空：共10小题，每小题小题，每小题1分。在一篇分。在一篇150200词的短文中留出词的短文中留出10个空白，要求考生从每题个空白，要求考生从每题所给的所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。完形填空是一种要求高、综合性强的语言测试题，以阅读为形式，以上下文为线索，以词汇知识、句法知识、语法知识、生活常识、固定搭配、习惯用法以及逻辑推理能力为解题基础，是一种较高层次的阅读理解题。命题特点及选材特点 所选题材多样，但都贴近学生的生活实际，具有趣味性、教育性、具有趣味性、教育性、思想性思想性；体裁多以记叙文为主记叙文为主，主要是人物故事、情感教育、哲理故事、幽默故事等，通过小故事传递做人的道理做人的道理或激励学生积极向上、激励学生积极向上、乐观进取乐观进取等；其次是说明文、议论文，主要是学生安全、环保说明文、议论文，主要是学生安全、环保等。所选短文其难度略低于阅读理解题的短文。命题特点及选材特点ClozeClozeSteps of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题步骤完形填空的解题步骤)1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破2mins8mins2mins完形填空试题的一般解题思路 1跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，即了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构，以及情节发展的前因后果；通读全文时，尽量避免受文章空格的影响，初步搞清文章的大概意思即可。不要纠缠于一句话、一个空，否则会断章取义，进入误区。（时间：3分钟）完形填空试题的一般解题思路 2瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。完形填空试题的一般解题思路 2瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。短文中每个空白处的答案和上下文在意思和结构上都有一定的联系。因此，动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对于答案比较明显的、自己最有把握的空格可直接完成。如果答案一时不能确定的，先跳过空格，继续往下，待其他答案选好后，再回过头来集中精力解决难点。完形填空试题的一般解题思路 3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案 这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，会感觉题目的难度有所降低，从而提高选择的正确率。ClozeClozeTips to Close Test:Tips to Close Test:1 1注重注重首、尾句首、尾句。2 2克服畏难、急躁情绪克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心耐心通读全文。通读全文。3 3切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答 案，必须案，必须纵观全文纵观全文、通篇考虑。、通篇考虑。4 4先易后难先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或类似结注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。5 5如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从从 语篇语篇(前提示、后暗示前提示、后暗示)意义上意义上加以鉴别。加以鉴别。ClozeCloze1、context（上下文、语境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）Skills of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题技巧完形填空的解题技巧)4、words analysis（词义辨析）5、background knowledge（背景知识）ClozeCloze 根据根据上下文暗示上下文暗示进行判断进行判断充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句 例例 1.Being safe in everyday life needs knowledge.If you remember the following information，your life will be much 41 .41.A.more dangerousB.safer C.more colorfulD.better ClozeCloze 根据根据上下文暗示上下文暗示进行判断进行判断充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句 例例 2.Dont go home 46 .You are safer in the street than in your home or in a lift.46.A.slowly B.directly C.suddenly D.quietly ClozeClozehospital nightno/littleWarming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致1.Mr Black is a doctor,he works in the _.2.A nurse not only works in the day,but also works during the_.3.He is rather busy,so he has _ time to have lunch at home.ClozeCloze4.We have an English test this term,its very easy,most students can _this test.5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday,they were very tired _happy.pass butWarming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致ClozeClozeLiumei is among the _9_ ones.The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted(答应给）Liu a full scholarship-HK$500,000.Not all students are so fortunate.9.A.poor B.smart C.lucky D.silent 同义重现ClozeClozeFriendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language.Some of us like _10_ friends while others like different friends.Personally I prefer both.Having similar friends has many advantages.10.A.true B.right C.same D.similar原词重现反义同现逻辑关系：转折ClozeCloze 根据根据句子结构或固定搭配句子结构或固定搭配进行判断进行判断注意固定的搭配，包括注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语 例例 1.Mr Black always walked 41 his office to the station in the evening,because he liked walking.41.A.in B.at C.On D.FromClozeCloze When two people are in a conversation,the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time,in order to make sure that the listener pays attention 5 what he or she is speaking5.A.for B.of C.with D.totoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）pay attention to 注意ClozeClozeSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes,which would be awarded to people who made great 6 to the causes of peace,literature,and the sciences.6.A.additions B.sacrifices C.changes D.contributionsmake contributions to对做出贡献ClozeClozevHeres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helpedv himselfso much money.vA.for B.by C.to D.ofClozeCloze 根据根据生活常识生活常识进行判断进行判断例例1:If your house catches fire and you have to 49 through smoke,49.A.escape B.walk C.run D.jump 在日常生活中，很多事情是约定俗成的在日常生活中，很多事情是约定俗成的，如：饿了吃东西，渴如：饿了吃东西，渴了喝东西，累了休息，冷了添衣服，热了脱衣服等了喝东西，累了休息，冷了添衣服，热了脱衣服等ClozeCloze 根据根据生活常识生活常识进行判断进行判断例例2:If you have to take a bus to a place,try to get to the stop a few 47 before the buses leave.47.A.minute B.minutes C.hour D.hours 在日常生活中，很多事情是约定俗成的在日常生活中，很多事情是约定俗成的，如：饿了吃东西，渴如：饿了吃东西，渴了喝东西，累了休息，冷了添衣服，热了脱衣服等了喝东西，累了休息，冷了添衣服，热了脱衣服等ClozeClozeSkill 5：background knowledge（背景知识（背景知识:包括生活及文化方面的）包括生活及文化方面的）But we run so fast that,afterwards,we had trouble 8 .8.A.speaking B.moving C.sleeping D.breathingClozeClozev(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.vA.animal B.biggestC.plant D.nearestClozeCloze 通过通过词义辨异词义辨异进行判断进行判断例例 1.If 43 dangerous happens,you can find them quickly.43.A.anything B.nothing C.everything D.Something 此类试题的命题，往往是以同类的词为主，我们不需要去进行此类试题的命题，往往是以同类的词为主，我们不需要去进行具体的辨析，但是我们也要根据文章的意思来进行推断具体的辨析，但是我们也要根据文章的意思来进行推断 ClozeCloze 通过通过词义辨异词义辨异进行判断进行判断例例2.Mr Black was a kind man.He always stopped and 44 some kind words to the poor man and gave him a little money.44.A.spoke B.told C.said D.talkedClozeClozeSkill 4：words analysis（词义辨析）（词义辨析）7.A.want B.help C.get D.ask7.But by using literary texts(文学文本),teachers can 7 students improve to their reading skills.ClozeCloze Soon I heard alike that of a door burst inand then a climb of feet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.shoutClozeCloze 通过通过 逻辑推理逻辑推理 进行判断进行判断 由一个或几个已知的判断（由一个或几个已知的判断（前提前提），推导出一个未知的结），推导出一个未知的结论的思维过程。论的思维过程。例例 1.One day,my classmates talked 44 with their friends,but I sat at my desk alone as usual.How I wish I could 45 them!44.A.happily B.Sadly C.angrily D.seriously45.A.Teach B.catch C.join D.serveClozeClozeSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）In New York,on a Friday night,a young artist stood at the gate of a train station.He was playing his _1_.His music was so great that many people put money into his hat.The next day,the young artist came to the same place,and played the violin as usual.1.A.piano B.guitar C.violin D.saxviolinClozeClozeSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）.Suddenly,he came up with an idea.He asked,“How many baskets of 2 are there in the pool?”.as big as the pool,there is one basket of water2.A.fish B.flowers C.water D.applesClozeCloze When we talked,I discovered（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China.For example,each class lasts fifty minutes in the US.It is a little _3_ than that in China.We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.3.A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.laterSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）ClozeClozeSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?”I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 4 ”She said，“NoMany people are deaf.4.A.ears B.eyes C.body D.headbyebyeTHANKS谢谢观看High quality PPT production,great treasure devotion and dedication