新课标 高考英语专题复习 书面表达.ppt
书面表达书面表达一、常考考点：一、常考考点：1、故事、日记故事、日记2、书信、介绍、看法书信、介绍、看法3、通知、报道、说明通知、报道、说明二、书面表达技巧二、书面表达技巧（一）审题须仔细，格式应正确，把握时态与体裁（一）审题须仔细，格式应正确，把握时态与体裁:无论无论是文字题，还是看图作文，或是图文结合型，首先，要仔是文字题，还是看图作文，或是图文结合型，首先，要仔细审题，弄清文章提示，用笔划出关键信息点，其次是确细审题，弄清文章提示，用笔划出关键信息点，其次是确定文章时间立足点，一般地记叙文、传记定文章时间立足点，一般地记叙文、传记、故事类的文、故事类的文章时间立足点常是一般过去时，包括过去进行时，据此立章时间立足点常是一般过去时，包括过去进行时，据此立足点，足点，“瞻前瞻前”是过去完成时，是过去完成时，“顾后顾后”是过去将来时，是过去将来时，当然，直接引语另当别论。说明文、议论文、介绍文及科当然，直接引语另当别论。说明文、议论文、介绍文及科技文章的时间立足点常是一般现在时，包括现在进行时，技文章的时间立足点常是一般现在时，包括现在进行时，据此立足点据此立足点“瞻前瞻前”是一般过去时或现在完成时，是一般过去时或现在完成时，“顾后顾后”则是一般将来时，应用文中的通知类文章，时间立足点则是一般将来时，应用文中的通知类文章，时间立足点是一般将来时。是一般将来时。2021/8/8 星期日1各类文章的格式：各类文章的格式：1、书信格式书信格式 寄信人地址寄信人地址收信人地址收信人地址 寄信日期寄信日期 Dear Mr.He,正文正文 Yours,签签名名1）信的开头：信的开头：Im so glad to learn that(youre coming in Sep.)I have some good news to tell you.How nice to hear from you again.2021/8/8 星期日2Im writing to tell you Id like to tell you that(our school has worked out a new program)Im so pleased to hear that Its very kind of you to write me and let me know about your beautiful city.2)结束语：结束语：第一采用分词短语式，句末用逗号：第一采用分词短语式，句末用逗号：Waiting for your good news,Looking forward to your early reply,Hoping to hear from you soon,Hoping you are enjoying good health,Wishing you every success,Wishing you a happy New Year,Regretting the trouble Im causing you,2021/8/8 星期日3第二采用介词短语，句末用逗号：第二采用介词短语，句末用逗号：With best regards,With best wishes to you and yours,With best wishes for your success and happiness,第三采用完整句子第三采用完整句子 We are waiting for your good news.I hope to receive your early reply.I thank you very much for your services.We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.3)签名：签名：Yours faithfully,/Faithfully yours,Yours sincerely,/Sincerely yours,Yours truly,/Truly yours,2021/8/8 星期日42、日记格式：August6,Sunday August6,Sunday Rainy/Thundering/Haily/showRainy/Thundering/Haily/shower er I was doing some I was doing some shopping.shopping.3 3、通知格式：（开通知格式：（开头头、结结尾）尾）口口头头通知通知Comrades,/Ladies and gentlemen,Comrades,/Ladies and gentlemen,Attention,please!Attention,please!（May I have your attention,May I have your attention,please?please?）I have am announcement to make.I have am announcement to make.Thats all,Thank you.Thats all,Thank you.2021/8/8 星期日5书面通知书面通知 Notice Notice May2,1999 May2,1999Dear students,Dear students,The Student Union The Student Union4、招领启示招领启示/遗失启示遗失启示 2021/8/8 星期日6 Lost October5,2005 I was careless and lost my red long overcoat in the lecture room on the afternoon of 4th of this month.Many thanks to the finder.Our classroom is in Room 206,Building2.Li Hua （Loser）2021/8/8 星期日7 Found September1,2005A green school bag was found on the playground yesterday afternoon.Loser is expected to come to the Office of Senior Grade3 to identify it.5、留言条留言条6、请假条请假条7、图表型文章图表型文章1）开头常用：开头常用：As is shown by the graph/As is shown in the table/It can concluded from the graph that/compared with/it can be seen from the table that2）分析数据间的主要差异及趋势分析数据间的主要差异及趋势,然后描写。然后描写。3）结束归纳结结束归纳结,发表评论：发表评论：2021/8/8 星期日8in a word/in short/generally speaking/Its clear from the chart that/We cam draw the conclusion that 8、看图说话，切忌写成看图说话，切忌写成The first picturetells that;The second picture tells that（二）二）高分三绝招高分三绝招绝招一：在用词上下功夫绝招一：在用词上下功夫高考书面表达在词汇方面得高分的评分要求是：应用了高考书面表达在词汇方面得高分的评分要求是：应用了较多的词汇；词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较高级较多的词汇；词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。所以要想得高分应词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。所以要想得高分应遵循以下个原则：遵循以下个原则：、高级词汇优先原则：、高级词汇优先原则：这里的高级词汇是指比较晚所这里的高级词汇是指比较晚所学的，相对复杂的词汇。例如：学的，相对复杂的词汇。例如：2021/8/8 星期日91）“我很害怕我很害怕”。可说成。可说成Im very afraid/Im very frightened/Im very scared.最后一种肯定是最好的。最后一种肯定是最好的。2）“他很聪明他很聪明”可说成可说成He is clever/bright/smart/wise/intelligent/cute.用用smart/intelligent/cute 当然更好。当然更好。3）这个房子在芳草街的一栋楼上。这个房子在芳草街的一栋楼上。The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street要是用要是用situates 代替代替is，即属于高级词汇。，即属于高级词汇。4）在周末我们要做很多作业。在周末我们要做很多作业。At weekends,we have a lot of homework to do.假如用假如用endless 而不用而不用a lot of,则属于高级词汇。则属于高级词汇。5）洗澡间和厨房都很好。洗澡间和厨房都很好。The bathroom and the kitchen are good.不如不如The bathroom and the kitchen are well-furnished.2021/8/8 星期日102 2、短语优先原则：、短语优先原则：考试写作时，使用短语，有两个好处；考试写作时，使用短语，有两个好处；其一：使文章增加亮点；其二可以凑词数。其一：使文章增加亮点；其二可以凑词数。比如比如“I cant bear it”,不如说不如说“I can not put up with it”.“I want it”.不如说不如说“Im looking forward to it”“英语在我们日常生活中很重要。英语在我们日常生活中很重要。”说说“English is very important in our daily life”。不如说。不如说“English plays an important part/role in our daily life”.绝招二：在句子结构上做到脱颖而出。绝招二：在句子结构上做到脱颖而出。高考书面表达在句子结构方面得高分的评分要求是：应高考书面表达在句子结构方面得高分的评分要求是：应用了较多的语法结构，语法结构方面有些许错误，但为用了较多的语法结构，语法结构方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构所致；具备较强的语言表达能力。尽力使用较复杂结构所致；具备较强的语言表达能力。1 1、一二三原则。、一二三原则。为了使条理清楚，一般会使用为了使条理清楚，一般会使用first/second/third/last,firstly/secondly/thirdly/finally,但这里强烈推荐：但这里强烈推荐：2021/8/8 星期日11to begin with,then,furthermore,finally(适用于四个适用于四个要点的情况要点的情况)to start with,next,in addition,finally(适用于四个要适用于四个要点的情况点的情况)on the one hand,on the other hand(适用于两个要适用于两个要点的情况点的情况)for one thing,for another thing(适用于两个要点的适用于两个要点的情况情况)2 2、多变句式原则、多变句式原则1 1）改变句子结构）改变句子结构,与众不同。与众不同。使用与别人不同的表达方式使用与别人不同的表达方式,特别是打破汉语句子结构的束缚而重组的句子更受欢迎。特别是打破汉语句子结构的束缚而重组的句子更受欢迎。唐山曾在二十世纪八十年代发生过一次大地震。唐山曾在二十世纪八十年代发生过一次大地震。There was a strong earthquake in Tangshan in the 1980s.不如用不如用A terrible earthquake hit/struck Tangshan in the 1980s.2021/8/8 星期日12你八月十五的来信我今天早晨收到了你八月十五的来信我今天早晨收到了.I received your letter which was written on August 15th this morning.不如用不如用Your letter of August 15th reached/got to me this morning.2 2）改变句子语序，实现句子形式多样化）改变句子语序，实现句子形式多样化改变改变“主谓宾状主谓宾状”语序，把一些成分如状语提前置于句首，语序，把一些成分如状语提前置于句首，增强书面表达能力。增强书面表达能力。EgHe got up very early to catch the bus To catch the bus,he got up very early.The girl,hungry and thirsty,went back home.Hungry and thirsty,the girl went back home.I studied Chinese,English physics at school.The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese,English and physics.3 3）使用强势句式，如强调句，感叹句，倒装句等增强语）使用强势句式，如强调句，感叹句，倒装句等增强语句表现力。句表现力。eg.eg.2021/8/8 星期日13阿福救了我妹妹。阿福救了我妹妹。Ah Fu saved my sister It was Ah fu that saved my sister.我们看到庄稼和蔬菜长势喜人很是高兴。我们看到庄稼和蔬菜长势喜人很是高兴。We were glad to see crops and vegetables growing wellHow glad we were to see crops ad vegetable growing well!4)4)多使用短语结构简化从句或合并短句多使用短语结构简化从句或合并短句,灵活运用介词短灵活运用介词短语、非谓语动词、独立主格结构和同位语结构等语、非谓语动词、独立主格结构和同位语结构等egeg My brother was riding the bike and I sat on the seat behind himMy brother was riding the bike with me sitting on the seat behind.The young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad news Hearing the bad news,the young man couldnt help crying 2021/8/8 星期日14Sun Shuwei is a boy of 14.He is a world champion in diving Sun Shuwei,a world champion in diving,is a boy of 14As the weather was fine,a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.The weather being fine,a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.5)5)多使用主从复合句来代替简单句，使行文更富文采。多使用主从复合句来代替简单句，使行文更富文采。We had to go home All we could do was to go home.The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street,which is not far from Jianxin Chinese school.6 6）注意词句表达的变通性。）注意词句表达的变通性。注意用词组用语代替一些单词，使句子更地道。注意用词组用语代替一些单词，使句子更地道。Eg2021/8/8 星期日15A new railway is being built in my hometown.A new railway is under construction in my hometown.要避免重复使用某一句语，以免使人感到单调和意味。要避免重复使用某一句语，以免使人感到单调和意味。EgI like reading while she likes watching TV.I like reading while my brother enjoys watching TV.7 7）改变句子形式，注意多变性。）改变句子形式，注意多变性。Eg“一听到这个消息他就脸色通红一听到这个消息他就脸色通红”。He turned red as soon as/the moment/the instant/directly/immediately/instantly he heard the news.No sooner had he heard the news than he turned red.“我昨天到这里的我昨天到这里的”。2021/8/8 星期日16I come here yesterday.I didnt come here until yesterday.Not until yesterday did I come here.It was not until yesterday that I came here.绝招三绝招三:在语句间的连接上做到游刃有余在语句间的连接上做到游刃有余.一篇文一篇文章，如果能更多准确使用表示并列，递进章，如果能更多准确使用表示并列，递进,转折关系的词，转折关系的词，便能充分展现你的文字功底，使文章增彩。便能充分展现你的文字功底，使文章增彩。我们看下面关于描写水的几个句子组成的一段话：我们看下面关于描写水的几个句子组成的一段话：Water is one of the basic ingredients for life.Human or plant life would not be able to exist without this essential 2021/8/8 星期日17liquid.It is needed to hydrate,and clean not only our bodies but also the rest of the living world.但是，如何将这几个句子更好地连接起来，显得更有文采，但是，如何将这几个句子更好地连接起来，显得更有文采，得到高分呢？我们在这三个句子前面分别加上这样三个得到高分呢？我们在这三个句子前面分别加上这样三个结构，变为：结构，变为：It is generally understood that water is one of the basic ingredients for life.There is little evidence to support the fact that human or plant life would not be able to exist without this essential liquid.By this I mean it is needed to hydrate,and clean not only our bodies but also the rest of the living world.如果我们在考场上能把每个段落都写成这样，不得高分才如果我们在考场上能把每个段落都写成这样，不得高分才怪呢！怪呢！2021/8/8 星期日18我们可以用如下结构放在句首来更好地阐明自己的观点：我们可以用如下结构放在句首来更好地阐明自己的观点：I firmly believe thatIt seems to me thatIt is generally understood that I tend to think that It is generally accepted that 然后我们再用如下结构来扩展自己的观点：然后我们再用如下结构来扩展自己的观点：It is easy to accept that It is justifiable(有理由的有理由的)to say that I do believe that that I am convinced that There is much evidence to support the fact that我们还可以再用如下结构来更清晰的解释自己的观点：我们还可以再用如下结构来更清晰的解释自己的观点：By I mean By this I mean 2021/8/8 星期日19Here Im referring to In other words To be more precise That is to say 上面这段话我们可以套用这三种结构中的任何一种，你可上面这段话我们可以套用这三种结构中的任何一种，你可以自己试一试。以自己试一试。最后，书写是否工整、清晰，也会影响答卷得分，有时字最后，书写是否工整、清晰，也会影响答卷得分，有时字迹的好坏会使得分提高或降低一个档次。迹的好坏会使得分提高或降低一个档次。附录附录1:谚语与习语选谚语与习语选1.Opportunity seldom knocks twice.机不可失，失不再来。机不可失，失不再来。2.Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不待人。岁月不待人。3.Time is money,but money can never buy time.一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。2021/8/8 星期日204.No pains,no gains.不劳则无获。不劳则无获。5.A lazy youth,a lousy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。6.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真正朋友。患难朋友才是真正朋友。7.Like father like son.有其父必有其子。有其父必有其子。8.He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。9.Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。骄者必败。10.Where there is a will there is a way.有志者，事竟有志者，事竟成。成。11.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。熟能生巧。12.Actions speak louder than words.行动胜过言论。行动胜过言论。2021/8/8 星期日2113.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，逼得小孩笨又傻。只工作不玩耍，逼得小孩笨又傻。14.Anything worth doing is worth doing well.任何值得做的事都值得做好。任何值得做的事都值得做好。15.An apple a day keeps doctor away.一天一个苹果，可以不看医生。一天一个苹果，可以不看医生。16.Better late than never.亡羊补牢未为晚。亡羊补牢未为晚。/迟比永不迟比永不更好。更好。17.Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分。物以类聚，人以群分。18.The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。早起的鸟儿有虫吃。19.East,west,home is best.金屋银屋金屋银屋,不如自己的草屋。不如自己的草屋。2021/8/8 星期日2220.A good beginning makes a good ending.善始必有善终。善始必有善终。21.Love me,love my dog.爱乌及屋爱乌及屋22.Many hands make light work.众人拾材火焰众人拾材火焰高。高。23.Once a thief,always a thief.贼永远是贼。贼永远是贼。/狗狗改不了吃屎。改不了吃屎。24.Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一日建罗马不是一日建成的。成的。/大事岂能一蹴而就。大事岂能一蹴而就。25.Strike while iron is hot.趁热打铁。趁热打铁。26.Time will tell.时间将揭示一切。时间将揭示一切。27.When in Rome,do as the Romans do入乡随入乡随俗。俗。.2021/8/8 星期日232021/8/8 星期日249、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/11/262022/11/26Saturday,November 26,202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/2022 7:07:16 PM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/26Nov-2226-Nov-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/26Saturday,November 26,202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。26 十一月 20222022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2615、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。十一月 222022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。2022/11/262022/11/2626 November 202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/262022/11/269、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/11/262022/11/26Saturday,November 26,202210、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/2022 7:07:16 PM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/26Nov-2226-Nov-2212、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/26Saturday,November 26,202213、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。26 十一月 20222022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2615、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。十一月 222022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/202216、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2022/11/262022/11/2626 November 202217、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/262022/11/269、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。2022/11/262022/11/26Saturday,November 26,202210、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/2022 7:07:16 PM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/26Nov-2226-Nov-2212、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/26Saturday,November 26,202213、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。26 十一月 20222022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2615、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。十一月 222022/11/262022/11/262022/11/2611/26/202216、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2022/11/262022/11/2626 November 202217、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。2022/11/262022/11/262022/11/262022/11/26MOMODA POWERPOINTLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Fusce id urna blandit,eleifend nulla ac,fringilla purus.Nulla iaculis tempor felis ut cursus.感感 谢谢 您您 的的 下下 载载 观观 看看专家告诉2021/8/8 星期日25
