Unit1 单元学案-高中英语牛津译林版必修第三册.docx

新译林：必修三第一单元小结单元派生词第一组1(vt.& n)伤害  (adj.)有害的  (adj.)无害的；不会引起损伤的2. (n.)(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式(adj.)各种各样的；多方面的 (v.)变化；改变3.(vi.& vt.)生存；挺过(难关)(n.)生存；幸存4. (vi.)消失，失踪 (vi.)出现 (n.)外貌；出现5. _（adj.）农业的_（n）农业6._（n）长度 _（adj.） 长的7. (n.)重要性，意义 (adj.)有重大意义的；显著的8. (vi.& vt.)呼吸(n.)呼吸9. (n.)死亡(vi.)死(adj.)死的(adj.)致命的(adv.)非常10. (adj.)非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的(adj.)可信的v相信(n.)看法；信念11. (n.)增加，增长；成长，生长(v.)长大，生长答案1.harm; harmful; harmless   2. variety; various; vary   3. survive; survival   4. disappear; appear; appearance  5. agricultural；agriculture  6. length；long  7. significance; significant  8. breathe; breath  9. death; die; dead; deadly   10. unbelievable; believable; believe；belief  11. growth; grow第二组：1. (n.)世界，全球；地球仪；球体 (adj.)全球的(adv.)全球地2. (vi.& vt.)申请；使用，应用(n.)申请(n.)申请者3. (vt.)组织，筹备；安排，处理 (n.)组织 (n.)组织者4. (n.)保护(vt.)保护(adj.)保护的；防卫的5. (n.& v)安慰；舒适(adj.)舒适的(adv.)舒适地6. (adj.)环境的 (n.)环境 7. (vt.)推荐；建议，劝告；介绍 (n.)推荐；建议(vi.)做出反应，回应(n.)响应，反应；回答，答复答案：globe; global; globally  2. apply; application; applicant  3. organize; organization; organizer   4.protection; protect; protective  5. comfort; comfortable; comfortably   6.environmental; environment  7. recommend; recommendation  8. respond; response第三组：1. (n.)防御；保护(v.)防守；防护；辩护(adj.)防卫的；防御的；辩护的2. (adj)官方的，正式的(adv.)官方地(n.)办公室3. _adj.贫穷的；可怜的；贫乏的；卑鄙的_n贫困；困难；缺少；低劣4.  (n.)毒药，毒物(vt)毒害，下毒(adj.)有毒的5. (n.)药剂师，药商；化学家 (n.)化学 (adj.)化学的6. (n.)结果，后果(adj.)随之发生的(adv.)因此，所以7. _ (v.) 发展；培养；开发  _ (n.) 发展；培养；开发   _ (n. )开发者，开发商  _ (adj. )发达的   _( adj. )发展中的8. (n.)责任，职责 (adj.)负责的；尽责的 (adj.)不负责任的(n.)要求，规定(vt.)要求答案：1. defence; defend; defensive  2. official; officially; office  3. poor; poverty  4. poison; poisonous  5. chemist; chemistry; chemical  6. consequence; consequent; consequently                                       7.develop;development;developer;developed;developing  8. responsibility; responsible;irresponsible   9. requirement; require重要句式：1. Welcome to the jungle, _(这是一片绿色的海洋) with the sounds of animals.2. As the largest rainforest in the world, it  _(发挥着重要作用) maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem.3. The forests different levels  _(提供了食物和栖息之地给) an unbelievable variety of wildlife.4. _(上面是大量的落叶)litter on the dark forest floor.5. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, _(是各种生物的家园).6. Although  _(濒临灭绝) in other areas, jaguars can still survive here.7. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms _(帮助分解它的尸体)and return the nutrients to the earth. 8. The Amazon rainforest _(使得地球生生不息) by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen.9. Thus, it is often _(被称为) the “lungs of the planet”.10. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is _(一个物种宝库) that can be used for food or medicine.11. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species _(濒临灭绝的危险) becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? 12. All of them _(提出了创造性的想法) how to solve these problems.13. Some _(呼吁应用) of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle.14. We use ellipsis _(来避免重复) whose meanings are clear.15. It was organized by GreenHope, an organization _(致力于保护森林的).16. At first I didnt want to take part in the forest clean-up activity, but then I thought, “_(如果没人去怎么办？)?”17. Joe _(把我们分成两组): one group cleaned up the north side of the forest, and the other group cleaned up the south side of the forest.18. You can sign up with Joe if you_(愿意帮忙).19. When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may _(立刻跃入脑海).20. Recent research by environmental scientists, however, shows that in fact, human beings _(对.的影响最大) animal populations.21. As the human population continues to grow, _(我们对.的影响也在不断增加) on animals.22._(今晚和我们一起来到演播室的) are James Smith, a local resident; Vincent Brown, senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer, head of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.23. Its also given me a cough that I cant  _(变好).24. People _(倾向于把工厂与.联系起来) pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits.25. _(为工厂说句公道话), however, Id like to point out that they also try to control the amount of pollution they produce.26. I think I speak for all factory managers when I say we_(非常关心环境) the environment.27. Weve been _(一直在采取各种措施), including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs.28._(随着污染水平的上升), the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem. 29.For example, in many parts of the world, the poor quality of the local drinking water _(使发生) terrible diseases. 30. _(我们有责任保护我们的环境) while aiming for economic development.31. First, we must _(引起公众对这个问题的关注) the problem and inspire people to make choices that can help reduce water pollution.32. Third, we can _(自愿参加) clean-up activities such as picking rubbish out of water sources.【答案】1. a huge sea of green alive  2.plays a significant role in  3.provide food and shelter for  4. Above that is the mass of leaf  5.home to all kinds of living things  6.close to extinction  7.helps break down its body   8. breathes life into the planet  9.known as  10.  a treasure house of species  11. in danger of extinction   12. come up with creative ideas on  13. call for the application   14. to avoid repeating words or phrases  15.devoted to protecting forests   16. What if nobody goes  17. divided us into two groups   18. are willing to help  19.spring to mind  20. have the greatest impact on   21. so does the effect we have22. Joining us in the studio tonight 23. get rid of  24. tend to connect factories with  25. In defence of factories  26. are deeply concerned about  27. taking various measures  28. With pollution levels on the rise  29. gives rise to  30. Its our duty to protect our environment  31. draw public attention to  32. volunteer to take part inReading一、重点短语（reading部分）1. a sea of 大量的，大片的/alive with  充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）【教材原句】Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.  (P2)译文欢迎来到亚马孙雨林，这是一片绿色的海洋，到处都可以听到动物发出的声音。功能注释这是一个简单句。a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals是the jungle的同位语。【边学边练】选择sea的相关短语填空(1)He was           when he began his new job.(2)The ship hit an iceberg and buried         .(3)Last Sunday, the students in class two         .a sea of 大量的，大片的常见搭配at sea 在茫茫大海上all at sea  茫然不知所措  by sea 经海路  by the sea  在海边go to the sea 去海滨(度假或野餐)go to sea 去当水手【经典例句】He looked down and saw a sea of smiling faces.他往下看，看到一片笑脸。I'm all at sea. I can' t understand that proble.我简直是一片茫然,我无法理解这个问题。【边学边练】从右栏中选择适当填空(1)He was the only man         .(2)The          are more important to us than the dead.(3)My mother bought a          fish this morning.alive with  充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）易混辨析alive/live/livingaive:活着的,活的,其反义词为dead,指生命从奄奄一息到精力旺盛的各种状态。live:活着的,活的,通常作定语,指活生生的,生气勃勃的,还可表示现场直播的。living:活着的,活的,其反义词为dead,指包括人和动植物的生命没有消失、仍然存在的状态。【经典例句】The pond was alive with frogs.池塘里满是青蛙。The cat was playing with a live mouse.猫在玩一只活老鼠。Is Mrs. Smith still living?史密斯太太还活着吗？【答案】(1)all at sea   (2)at sea   (3)went to the sea(4)alive     (5)living    (6)live2. 全部倒装【教材原句】Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. (P3)译文上面是被大量的落叶覆盖的深色的森林地面。功能注释这是一个简单句。句中出现了全部倒装， 正常语序的句子为 The mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor is above that.其中that指a system of roots。【边学边练】完成句子(1)在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。In a lecture hall of a university in England _.(2)山顶上耸立着一棵大松树。On top of the hill _.(3)有个老渔夫住在河的对岸。Beyond the river _.【基本用法】一般来说，当表示地点的介词短语位于句首,且主语为名词时,为了避免头重脚轻,常使用完全倒装。经典例句On the desk were some flowers.桌上放着一些鲜花。Under the tree were some children.树下有一些孩子。South of the river lies a small factory.河的南面坐落着一个小工厂。【答案】(1)sits a professor   (2)stands a big pine tree   (3)lives an old fisherman3. be home to 是.的家园【教材原句】Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to all kinds of living things.(P3)译文森林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，是各种生物的家园。功能注释这是一个简单句。句中home to all kinds of living things是its own little world的同位语， 句中 living 是形容词，意为“活的，活着的”。【边学边练】用 home/ house/ family填空(1)My _ have lived in the village for over ten years.(2)There is a big tree in front of my _ .(3)She does her homework at _every night.【易混辨析】home/ house/ family“home”的意思是“家”，主要是指一个人出生或居住的地方，房屋只是其中的一部分，因而也有“家乡、故乡” ( home town) 的意思，强调归属感。“house”的意思是“住宅、房屋”，一般是指家人所居住的建筑物。“family ”的意思是“家庭、家庭成员”，与居住的房子无关。当“family ”作为整体概念的“家庭”使用时是单数，指两个或两个以上家庭则用“families ”；当作为“家庭成员”使用时是复数。经典例句East or West, home is best.金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。There are many now house in our village.我们村现在有许多房子。My family are very well.我的家人很好。【答案】(1) family  (2) house  (3)home  4. in turn 相应地，转而【教材原句】These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and seeds.(P3)译文相应地，这些青蛙以昆虫为食，而昆虫则吃树叶和种子。功能注释这是一个主从复合句。Which引导限制性定语从句，先行词为insects，先行词代入定语从句后为： Insects eat leaves and seeds.，先行词在定语从句中做主语。【边学边练】选用turn的短语填空Every one thought the painting was of no value. But it_ to be a piece of great work.His proposal was _ at the meeting.I _ and saw Jane was sitting directly behind me.When I meet with problems I cannot work out on my own, I'll_my classmates or teachers for help.常见搭配turn around转身        turn away拒绝(某人)入内turn down关小；拒绝   turn in上交turn. . . into把变成  turn on打开turn off关掉           turn out证明是，结果是turn over翻身，翻转    turn up出现，到达，调大by turns轮流；交替【写作佳句Please dont hesitate to turn to me for help whenever you have trouble in your study.任何时候学习上遇到困难，都可以毫不犹豫地向我求助。    与介词in搭配的常用短语in a way在某种程度上in no way  没门in the way  挡住道路in vain  徒劳in general  通常，大体上in detail  详细地in turn  轮流in return  作为回报in need  需要in shape  保持体形in case  以防(万一)【答案】turned out  turned down  )turned around  turn to5. break down 出毛病，损坏;失败，破裂，失灵;分解;感情失控;捣毁;拆除;消除【教材原句】When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.(P3)译文当美洲豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助分解它的尸体，并将营养物质返回到泥土中。功能注释这是一个主从复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句。【边学边练】用break短语的适当形式填空My car _ on my way to school.Tom had worked under so much pressure for so long a time and his health _ in the end.A thief _ last night and stole a lot of jewelry.His house _ last night.The pickpocket _ the policeman and run away.The fire suddenly _ at midnight.We attempted to _ the lines of the enemy.She told the story, _ now and then to wipe the tears from her eyes.A neighbor asked for the music to be turned down and the party _.常见搭配break up破裂，解散；破碎；结束；放假break in打断；闯入break into闯入；破门而入break off折断；突然停止   break out  爆发；突发break through 突破，突围经典例句However, even though the Beatles broke_up in 1970, no group since has ever come close to being as popular or selling as many records.然而，尽管甲壳虫乐队在1970年就解散了，至今也没有哪个乐队像他们一样受欢迎、卖出那么多的唱片。【答案】broke downbroke downbroke inwas broken intobroke away frombroke outbreak throughbreaking offbroke up6. breathe life into 给带来起色，注入活力【教材原句】 The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen. (P3)译文亚马孙雨林能固定碳，而且生成的氧气超过全球总量的 20%，从而使得地球生生不息。功能注释这是一个简单句，by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen为方式状语。【边学边练】完成句子Daniel _ (深吸一口气) and dived into the water.  The doctor told me to _ (深深吸气) and then _ (慢慢呼气).Fred entered without knocking and _ (上气不接下气)， sank into a chair.【基本用法】breathe的基本意思是“呼吸”,引申可表示“吐露”,在书面语里breathe还可引出直接引语,作“说出”解。breathe可接同源宾语。lose one's breath与 be out of breath虽然含义相同，但是 lose ones breath表示动作， be out of breath表示状态。常见搭配breathe in/out吸气/呼气breathe deeply深呼吸衍生词breath n. 呼吸out of breath气呼呼，上气不接下气hold ones breath屏住呼吸take a deep breath深吸一口气lose ones breath不过气来breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的【经典例句】We need some new people to breathe life into this project.我们需要一些新人来为这个项目注入活力。【答案】took a deep breath  breathe in deeply,  breathe out slowly  out of breath7. be known as被称为【教材原句】Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. (P3)译文因此，它通常被称为“地球之肺”。【边学边练】选用介词填空(1)Hangzhou is known _ West Lake.(2)Lu Xun is known_ a writer.(3)Mo Yan is known       the literature circle(文学界).常见搭配be known as被称为,后接身份、职业等;be known for以闻名,后接原因be known to为所熟知,后接某些人,团体或地域。经典例句As is known to us all, the Internet plays a very important part in our life and work.众所周知，互联网在我们的生活和工作中起着非常重要的作用。She is known as a writer.她作为作家而出名。The region is known for its fine wines这个地区以出产优质葡萄酒闻名。【答案】(1) for (2)as(3)to8. in danger of处于危险之中/afford to do 承担得起做某事/damage  n.损坏;伤害v.损害;伤害;毁坏【教材原句】As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? (P3)译文随着人类活动的影响不断增加，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？功能注释这是一个主从复合句，as在句中意为“随着”，引导状语从句，在状语从句中，and连接了两个并列的句子，主句为we are left with a question，冒号后解释了a question的内容。【边学边练】从右栏中选择合适的词填空(1) He showed great bravery in _ of danger.(2)He is in _ of the store.  (3)He is far in _of his class.  (4)In _ of fire, call 119.  (5)Are you in_ of help?in danger of处于危险之中常见搭配“in+名词 +of”类复合介词归纳in advance of 在. 前面in case of 一旦；以防；如果，假若in charge of 负责，管理in control of 管理，掌握，控制in face of 面对in favour of 赞成；以 .为受款人in honour of 为了向. 表示敬意；为纪念；为祝贺in light of 根据；鉴于；由于；考虑到in m