高二英语Unit1 课件 人教.ppt

Unit OneUnit One2021/8/11 星期三1Warming up&Listening&Speaking2021/8/11 星期三2intelligentan instrument that makes very small objects seem largerexperimenta speech spoken or read before a group of peoplecuriousto see and notice;watch carefullymicroscopeto make a trial to learn sth.or prove the truth of an ideaboundarythe limiting or dividing line of surface or spacelecturean instrument for seeing distant objects by making them appear nearer and largerobservehaving or showing powers of reasoning or understandingtelescopeeager to know or learn 2021/8/11 星期三3A man who is called the greatest scientist in the 20th century.Albert Einstein2021/8/11 星期三4A woman who was the first woman scientist to receive the Nobel Prize.Madame/Marie Curie2021/8/11 星期三5A man who made more than 1,000 inventions in his life and invented electric bulbs.Thomas Alva Edison2021/8/11 星期三6A man who invented lightning rod.Benjamin Franklin2021/8/11 星期三7A man who discovered the Law of Gravity.Newton 2021/8/11 星期三8A famous biologist who is known for his theory of evolution.Charles Darwin2021/8/11 星期三9A famous British philosopher and mathematician.Alfred North Whitehead2021/8/11 星期三10A famous Italian physicist and astronomer who proved that the theory of Copernicus that the sun is the centre of the universe is right.Galileo Galilei2021/8/11 星期三11A Chinese who made the earliest seismograph.Zhang Heng2021/8/11 星期三12A Chinese who is called the father of modern rice.Yuan Longping2021/8/11 星期三13“Imagination is more important than knowledge.”“想象力比知识更重要.”-Albert EinsteinimaginativeWithout-a useless collection of facts2021/8/11 星期三14 It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑。分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑。-Alfred North WhiteheadBritish philosopher and mathematiciantake for granted curioustend to ask questions2021/8/11 星期三15“Nothing in life is to be feared;it is only to be understood.”“生活中没有什么可怕的东西,只需要理解的东西.”-Madame Curiebe afraid of the unknown there is no need to brave/fearless2021/8/11 星期三16“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”“天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感.”great thoughts and ideas the result of hard workhard-working,diligent-Edison2021/8/11 星期三17You cannot teach a man anything;you can help him find it within himself.你不可能把一切都教给一个人，你只能帮助他从内心去发现（和了解）事物。-Galileo Galileithe difference between teaching and learninga guide/learning ability2021/8/11 星期三18Knowledge is power.Follow your own course,and let people talk.To know what you know and to realize what you do not know is to know indeed.-Francis Bacon-Aleghieri Dante-Confucius2021/8/11 星期三19listeninglisteningGreat mind No.1:_This great mind was on fire for _.rockets agriculture gravity radioactivity outer space2.The scientists name is similar to the English word curious,meaning_.something not old something not short being interested in somethingMadame Curieradioactivitybeing interested in something2021/8/11 星期三20Great mind No.2:_This great mind was on fire for _.rockets agriculture gravity radioactivity outer space2.The scientists name is similar to the English word for_.something not old something not short being interested in something Newtongravitysomething not old2021/8/11 星期三21Great mind No.3:_1.What is this man known for?2._3.2.He wants to be called the _.why?4.3.What do these three great minds have in common?Yuan LongpingHe is known for his work with rice/in agriculture.farmerThey are all passionate about what they do.They are on fire for something.They have all made important contributions to science and society.2021/8/11 星期三22Listening text:One:This woman is one of the greatest scientists of all times.Even her name tells you that she likes science:a good scientist should want to find out answers and ask many questions-in other words they should be curious.This woman was certainly curious.Together with her husband,she tried to learn the secrets of radioactivity.The couple were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903.Eight years later,she received a second Nobel Prize,this time for chemistry.2021/8/11 星期三23Two:It is said that this English gentleman was sitting in his garden one day when suddenly he was hit by a falling apple.The story is probably not true,but this man did mention that he got one of his best-known ideas while watching apples fall from a tree.His name makes you think that he was not too interested in old things.He discovered the force of gravity,and he drew up a system of how objects move.His laws for motion are still used in physics today,at least in schools and universities.2021/8/11 星期三24Three:Food is what sets this great mind on fire.Rice,to be exact.This great mind has spent most of his life looking for ways to help farmers grow more rice so that all of us will have enough food to eat.He is known as the father of modern rice,but because of his long friendship with all the farmers in China,he would rather be known as“the farmer”.2021/8/11 星期三25Useful expressionsThats correct.Thats true.There is no doubt thatIts clear thatIts hard to say.Whats your idea?I doubt thatWell,maybe,butHave you thought about?SpeakinSpeaking g2021/8/11 星期三26scienceBiologyMathsChemistryPhysicsComputer scienceWhich branch of science is the most important and useful to society?2021/8/11 星期三27Branches of scienceWhy?Biology Essential to protecting the ecological balance and environment;people cant live without living things and medicine.ChemistryIs the key to the progress of human being;it is chemical reaction that produce many new things.Physics Widely used in many fields,such as medicine,industry and agriculture.Mahts You cant learn physics or chemistry well without a good knowledge of maths.It is a tool in science and engineering.Computer scienceIt is now an indispensable tool in many fields.It can settle all kinds of problems at a high speed and can help people work easily.2021/8/11 星期三28Reading2021/8/11 星期三29“you may not have more than twelve months to live.”How would you feel?2021/8/11 星期三30Some great people who are disabledZhang Haidi a writerBeethoven a musician2021/8/11 星期三31Sang Lan a gymnastZheng Zhihua a singer2021/8/11 星期三32Stephen Hawking2021/8/11 星期三33A Brief History of Stephen William HawkingStephen William Hawking was born on 8 January 1942(300 years after the death of Galileo)in Oxford,England.At eleven Stephen went to St Albans School,and then on to University College,Oxford.Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology,college.After gaining his Ph.D.he became first a Research Fellow,Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws which govern the universe.With Roger Penrose he showed that Einsteins General Theory of Relativity implied space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and an end in black holes.Stephen Hawking has three popular books published;his best seller A Brief History of Time,Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays and most recently in 2001.2021/8/11 星期三34Professor Hawking has twelve honorary degrees,He was awarded many medals and prizes and is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences(英英国国皇皇家家学学会会会会员员和和美美国科学院外籍院士国科学院外籍院士).Stephen Hawking continues to combine family life(he has three children and one grandchild),and his research together with travel and public lectures 2021/8/11 星期三35True or falseTrue or falseHawking was told that he had an incurable disease when he was just 21 years old.Finally Hawking had to give up PhD and his research.He and Roger Penrose made new discoveries about the Big Bang and black holes.“A Brief History of Time”is too difficult for people to understand.Science is about true facts that never change.When Hawking gives lectures,he always speaks through a computer.TFTTFFskimming2021/8/11 星期三36No giving up._Peoples attitude to Hawking _Facing the frustrated life._Science in Hawkings eyes _Ways of becoming famous _How to shape scientific theory _2.Finding ParagraphsPut the right numbers on the blanks Put the right numbers on the blanks based on the passage.based on the passage.2614352021/8/11 星期三37Whats the response of Hawking?Had got engaged to a very nice girlHis dreams:Get marriedGet a jobGet his PhD2021/8/11 星期三38What did he do?Went on with his researchGot his PhDMarried JaneContinued his exploration of the universeTravelled around the world to give lectures2021/8/11 星期三39Other devotions to the worldIn the early 1970sHe and American Roger Penrose made new discoveries about The Big Bang and black holesIn 1988He wrote A Brief History of Time2021/8/11 星期三40black holes2021/8/11 星期三41How do people misunderstand science?People often think that science is about“true”facts that never change.Scientists job is never finished and the best theory can turn out to be wrongHow do Hawking explain science?2021/8/11 星期三42 The basic steps of the scientific methodObserveBuild a theoryTest the theoryUse experimentsUse a model2021/8/11 星期三43“the only trouble”2021/8/11 星期三44How do you understand the title “No Boundaries”There is no boundaries in/between sciencethinkingimaginationabilitytruth and falsehoodthe health and the disabled2021/8/11 星期三45 An Interview:One of you acts as Hawking and the others as journalists who are interviewing him.2021/8/11 星期三46Stephen Hawking knows exactly what his dream is and how to make it come true.What about you?Hawkings dream To get marriedTo get a jobGet a PhD2021/8/11 星期三47Stephen Hawking knows exactly what his dream is and how to make it come true.What about you?My dream is ToTo2021/8/11 星期三48Homework:Do research on your favorite scientist and try to find out what makes him/her successful.http:/ http:/2021/8/11 星期三49Integrating Skills2021/8/11 星期三50Who are mentioned in the passage?2021/8/11 星期三51Telescope Seismograph A Brief History of Time the solar system with the sun as its center Knowledge is power.2021/8/11 星期三52qualitiesqualitiesWhat qualities should a scientist have?CuriosityStrong WillDiligenceConfidenceIntelligenceImaginationCreativityObservation2021/8/11 星期三53How do you understand the title?Have a great effect on somethingMake contributions to the worldMake good changes to the worldGain achievementsSuggested answers:2021/8/11 星期三54The infinitiveThe infinitive2021/8/11 星期三55不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。不定式不定式2021/8/11 星期三56一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态 to do to be done to have done to have been done to be doing to be being doing2021/8/11 星期三57一.解释(1)不定式的一般形式所表示的动作，通常与谓语的动 作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或是在它之 后发生。(2)如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，这时不定式就要用进行式。(3)如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就要用完成式。They pretended to be studying when the teacher came in.Im sorry to have kept you waiting.I want to have a holiday as soon as possible.2021/8/11 星期三58不定式的语态（1）不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式动作的承受者，不定式用被动语态He asked to be sent to work in countryside.（2）there be 句型中如果句子强调的是必须有人去完成时，不定式用主动语态如果强调是事物本身的话，必须用被动语态There is a lot of work to do.There is a lot of work to be done.There is nothing to do.There is nothing to be done.无事可做，感到乏味。没办法做了，事情本身出了问题。=Sb has to do the work.=The work has to be done.2021/8/11 星期三59（3）不定式所修饰的名词与不定式在逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式用主动语态。你有开门的钥匙吗？Have you got a key to unlock the door?key unlock the door（4）不定式做表语形容词的状语并与主句中主语构成动宾关系，不定式用主动语态。The book is difficult to understand.He is hard to talk to.（5）不定式所修饰的名词与不定式在逻辑上构成动宾关系时，不定式用主动语态。I have got a letter to write.I need a room to live in.2021/8/11 星期三60不定式的语法功能（1）作主语To talk with him is a great pleasure.一般情况下，不定式（短语）作主语时，通常用形式主语“it”代替To see is to believe.注意主语和表语的一致。（2）作宾语Would you like to watch TV?2021/8/11 星期三61不定式作宾语的形容词常见的有：ready,eager,sure,glad,anxious,sorry,afraid,free,pleased,willing此外还要注意一些特殊疑问词+不定式的形式（如：what to do,where to go），作tell,ask,know,show等动词的宾语。不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：want,hope,wish,ask,choose,decide,manage,offer,promise,refuse,seek,pretend,learn,afford,needI dont know what to do.I dont know what to do.2021/8/11 星期三62（3）作表语（表将来时）My plan is to finish the experiment on time.（4）作宾补I asked him to come to my office.注意不定式的省略hear,see,watch,notice等感官动词后的省略I heard her sing this song.have,let,make三个使役动词后的省略I made him stand outside.这两类省略的不定式一旦变成被动语态，不定式要补充完整.She was heard to.He was made to.2021/8/11 星期三63不定式动词在介词but,except,besides 后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词行为动词do 的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to。1)She could do nothing but 1)She could do nothing but cry.cry.2)I have no choice but 2)I have no choice but to goto go.2021/8/11 星期三64（5）作定语不定式定语只能放在被修饰词之后，一般表示将来的动作，常见的形式有chance,opportunity,way,time,the only和序数词及类似序数词的词(如the last)及there be 句型。He is the first to come and the last to go.There is no one to talk with.2021/8/11 星期三65（6）作状语 目的状语We do as much as we can to make our world beautiful.结果状语He hurried to the school to find nobody there.原因状语We were very excited to hear the news.条件状语To look at him,you would like him.2021/8/11 星期三66 不定式的省略 当不定式在某些词后充当成分时，常可省略动词原形，但要保留不定式的符号“to”（1）形容词后不定式的省略，如：happy,glad,eager,anxious,ready-Would you mind looking after my cat?-Not at all.I am happy to.（2）动词后不定式的省略，如：like,love,care,wish,hope,want,expect,prefer,mean,try,oblige,advise,persuade-Will you go to the cinema with us?-Sorry,I dont want to.2021/8/11 星期三67（3）宾语补足语中的省略，如：ask,tell,order,persuade,advise,permit,allowThe boy wants to ride his bike in the street,but his mother tells him not to.（4）在某些固定用法中的省略，如：ought to,have to,used to,be able to，be going to-Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?-I was going to,but I had an unexpected visitor.2021/8/11 星期三68*It is/was+adj.+of sb.to do eg:It is brave of him to save the girl in the water.例如：例如：kind,nice,good,brave,clever,wise,stupid,foolish,honest,careless,cruel,generous etc.*It is+adj.+for sb.(用宾格用宾格)+to do eg.1:It is not difficult for us to learn English well.例如：例如：difficult,wonderful,meaningful,painful,useful不定式的逻辑主语：of（品质）/for（性质）sb.to do2021/8/11 星期三691.He has a lot of work _ today,so he cant go with us.A.doing B.to do C.done D.do B.2.He told me about the things _ at the next meeting.C.to discuss B.being discussedD.C.discussed D.to be discussedE.3.He seems _ the old lady.F.knowing B to be knowing G.C.to know D.to be known2021/8/11 星期三704.We all hope _ scientists.A.become B.to become C.becoming D.became5.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settlingB.C.to settle D.being settledC.6.It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows_.D.it what to do with B.what to do it withE.C.what to do with it D.to do what with it2021/8/11 星期三717.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears_ everything.A.to tell B.to be told B.C.to be telling D.to have been told C.8.The shirt looks tight on you.You seem _ D.weight.E.A.to put on B.to put up F.C.to have put on D.to have put upG.9.They expect_ their mother.H.A.to be seen B.to be seeing C.to see D.see2021/8/11 星期三72Thank you!Bye Bye!2021/8/11 星期三732021/8/11 星期三74