高中英语：unit1friendshipgrammar课件新人教必修1.ppt

Michael Phelps直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语2021/8/11 星期三1“I have a long body and long arms,a gift and love for swimming.”Phelps said he had a long body and long arms,and a gift and love for swimming.2021/8/11 星期三2“I started swimming at an young age in order to treat my ADHD disease.”Phelps said he had started swimming at an young age in order to treat his ADHD disease.2021/8/11 星期三3“I receive a 5-hour training everyday.”Phelps said he received a 5-hour training every day.2021/8/11 星期三4“I always desire to be the winner,to win gold medals and to break world records.”Phelps said he always desired to be the winner,to win gold medals and to break world records.2021/8/11 星期三5“One of my favorite things is to compete with the best swimmers in the world.”Phelps said one of his favorite things was to compete with the best swimmers in the world.2021/8/11 星期三6“I have many goals,and all of them are high.”Phelps said he had many goals,and all of them were high.2021/8/11 星期三7“I will always try my best to be Phelps No.1.”Phelps said he would always try his best to be Phelps No.1.2021/8/11 星期三8Secrets of Phelps success?gift interest determination couragehard work ambition2021/8/11 星期三9直接引语：直接引语：直接引用别人的原话直接引用别人的原话,并在原话前后并在原话前后加引号。加引号。例：例：He said:It is too late.间接引语：间接引语：用自己的话转述他人的话用自己的话转述他人的话,多数以宾多数以宾语从句的形式构成。语从句的形式构成。例：例：He said it was too late.2021/8/11 星期三10直接引语与间接引语相互转化时直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的变化应注意的变化 2021/8/11 星期三111.1.句式结构上的变化句式结构上的变化 2021/8/11 星期三12解题步骤解题步骤:1）.陈述句变间接引语时，用陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接连接,that 无实际意义，可省略。例无实际意义，可省略。例:“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.Sarah2021/8/11 星期三132）.一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词要用陈述语气，并要加连词if或或whether。“Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”,they asked himThey asked himif /whetherit is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askedwasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.2021/8/11 星期三143 3）.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导。问词引导。They asked him“When do you harvest the wheat?”They asked him whenyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.2021/8/11 星期三152.2.时态变化时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致的时态要与主句的时态一致.1）主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。时候，间接引语时态不变。He says:I bought you a book yesterday.”He says that he bought me a book yesterday.2021/8/11 星期三162 2）.当主句为过去时，从句要跟着相当主句为过去时，从句要跟着相应的变化应的变化,变化如下：变化如下：一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时 一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时 过去进行时过去进行时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去将来时过去将来时 过去完成时过去完成时 不变不变 不变不变往前推一个时态往前推一个时态2021/8/11 星期三171.“I am very glad to visit your school”,she said.She said that she was very glad to visit our school.2.Tom said,“We are listening to the pop music.”Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.3.Mother asked,“Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.2021/8/11 星期三184.He asked the conductor,“Where shall I get off to change to a No.3 bus?”He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No.3 bus.5.“Why did she refuse to go there?”the teacher asked.The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.6.Mother asked me,“Had you finished your homeworkbefore you watched TV?”Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.2021/8/11 星期三19注意：注意：1.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。例如：不变，仍用一般现在时。例如：Teacher said to us:The moon moves round the earth.Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.The teacher said to us:“Light travels faster than sound.”The teacher said that light travels faster than sound.2021/8/11 星期三202.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。例如过去时。例如：She said:I went to England in 1998.”She said she went to England in 1998.2021/8/11 星期三21直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间接引语直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间接引语时，人称要做相应调整。例如：时，人称要做相应调整。例如：直接引语直接引语 She said:“I am hungry。”间接引语间接引语 She said she was hungry.直接引语直接引语 Mum said to me:“You can clean your bedroom tomorrow.”间接引语间接引语 Mum told me that I could clean my bedroom the next day.Mr.Smith said，“He is a good worker.Mr.Smith said that he was a good worker.3.3.人称的变化人称的变化“一主、二宾、三不变一主、二宾、三不变”2021/8/11 星期三224.其他其他变化化2021/8/11 星期三23 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性方向性动词动词 this,that,these those now,today，this week yesterdaylast weekfour days ago tomorrow next monththen,that day that weekthe day before the week beforefour days beforethe next daythe next month here there come,go,bring take 2021/8/11 星期三24SummarySummary 2021/8/11 星期三25直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句祈使句that引导引导if/whether 引导引导原疑问词引导原疑问词引导ask/told sb to do sth.1.主句为现在时态主句为现在时态2.主句为过去时态主句为过去时态时态不变时态不变往前推一个时态往前推一个时态第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称与主句主语人称一致与主句主语人称一致与主句宾语人称一致与主句宾语人称一致不变不变句式句式结构结构时态时态人称人称其他其他宾宾语语从从句句语序语序疑问句疑问句陈述句语序陈述句语序2021/8/11 星期三26Homework2021/8/11 星期三272021/8/11 星期三28