2022年八年级上册英语第一至十单元知识点小结.docx

_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 八年级上册英语第一至十单元学问点小结 班级：姓名：Unit1 Where did you go on vacation. 1. go on vacation 度假 vacation 相当于 holiday,但 vacation 表示长的假期；2. visit museums 参观博物馆 3. go to summer camp去参观夏令营 4. something interesting好玩的东西 1）something,anything,nothing,everything 是指物的不定代词；somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everybody,everyone是指人的不定代词；somewhere, anywhere,nowhere, everywhere是指地点的不定代词；2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时,放于其后；something special; somewhere wonderful. 3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数；如：Is everybody here. 大家都到齐了吗？4）something,somebody,someone,somewhere 用于确定句及表示恳求或建议的疑问句中,而 anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中；如：Did you do anything interesting. 你做了好玩的事吗？（表疑问）6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 7. 提建议的句子：如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books. 8. ride bicycles 骑自行车What/ how about +doing sth. 如： What/ How about going shopping. Why dont you + do sth. 如：Why dont you go shopping.Why not + do sth. . 如：Why not go shopping. Let s + do sth. 如： Let s go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth. 9. long time no see 好久不见 11. enjoyable activities 令人开心的活动如： Shall we/ I go shopping. 10 . most of the time 大多数时间 12. try paragliding 尝试滑翔伞运动13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是 “到达 “的意思get to+地点 =reach+地点 = arrive at+地点（小） =arrive in+地点（大）留意：如他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等,就不需要加介词；14. nothing.but.意为“除.之外； 只有”,如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我成天除了看电视什么也没干；15. feel like 意为： “感受到；摸起来 ”,后跟宾语从句或名词、动名词；如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟；It feels like a stone. 它摸起来像一块石头；feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事 ”；如： I feel like eating.我想吃东西；16. enjoy doing sth . 喜爱做 ;愿意做 enjoy oneself 过得开心=have fun/have a good time. 17. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的 18.Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍旧没有人感到郁闷；其他表示状态的系动词有：feel觉得） ; keep（保持） ;stay（保持） ;look （看来像 .）; smell（闻起来） sound（听起来 ）taste（尝起来 ）-后面接形容词 2） bored adj,意为 “感到厌倦的、无聊的 ” ,其主语是某人；（人 ed物 ing）_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 17 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - boringadj,意为 “令人厌倦的、无聊的 ”其主语是某物；如：I got bored with the boring work. 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦；相类似的词语仍有：interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised surprised/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising 19. decide（v）打算 decide to not do sth. = make a decision not to do sth. decisionn decide on doing sth. 打算做某事如： Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经打算去北京；20. Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. 1） because of + 名词 /代词 /名短I had to move because of my job. 由于工作的缘由because + 从句 如： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是由于我喜爱；21. enough 足够的（名前形后）如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京；She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够,不能去上学；Unit2 How often do you exercise. 2. -How often do you usually go shopping. Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候 /一周两次 .1 go shopping 意为“去购物 ”；Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动；如：Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking 2频率副词： always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never 1.sometimes: 有时候； sometime：某时； some times：很多次 /倍; some time: 一段时间 a hard writer 2. hardlyadv: 几乎不 硬的；困难的；严格的；勤奋的 hard 努力地；猛烈地 study/rain hard 3）how often 表示 “多久一次 ”,是对动作的频率进行提问；其回答通常有：频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never how often 次数时间段 : 如： once or twice a week every 时间段 : every day 每天 区分： everyday（每天的；日常的）留意：表示 “一次或两次 ”时,一般用 once和 twice 表示；如： once a month一个月一次 而表示 “三次或以上 ”时,就用 “数词 times ”结构；如： five times a year 一年五次 4） 由 how 构成的疑问词组的用法（1）how many+ 可数名词复数 如： how many programs“多少 ”how much+不行数名词；如： how much coffee 但 how much=whats the price of. 仍有“多少钱 ”的意思 如：How much are those pants. 2how many times: 多少次 ” . 其答语表示次数；如： once ,twice,three times等3 How old. 询问年龄如： How old are you. I am five. 4 “ how long .”多久 时间 常用 for two days, for three hours等回答；多长（某物的长度）如： -How long is the river.- 10 kms. 5how soon 用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是in two hours,in three days等；_精品资料_ 如：How soon wil he come back？In an hour；at most 最多第 2 页,共 17 页3. “闲暇的 ”： Are you free tonight. 4. at least 至少be free 自由的 ”： a free country freedomn 5. stay up 熬夜- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - “免费的 ”： work for free. 6. junk food 垃圾食品5. “满的；饱的 ” be full of : The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水；full“忙的 ”=busy He had a full life 6She says it s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益；（1）be good for：“对 有好处 ”； 如：Doing exercise is good for our health. （2）be good at：“善于于 ” 如：He is good at playing football. 3 be good to sb./sth: 对 好” 如：The old woman is good to us. 4 be good to do sth.: 适合；宜于 ” 如：The water is good to drink. 5 be good with: 与 相处好 ” 如： The teacher is good with his students. 7go online = use the Internet ：上网 9. more than two hours=over two hours:超过8. Teenager magazine 青少年杂志 10. go to the dentist: 去看牙医11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康12. ask sb. to do : 叫 做某事Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫 不要做某事Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. ask sb. about sth. : 问某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities. ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求 如： ask teacher for help 13. help sb. with sth. 如：They help me with this problem. 他们帮忙你解决这个问题；help sb.（to）do. 如： They help you to solve this problem. 他们帮忙你解决这个问题；14. n 诧异 : to ones surprise 令某人诧异的是in surprise 诧异地surprise v 使诧异、意外：be surprised at sth. 对 感到意外be surprised to do sth. 诧异做某事be surprised that + 从句 如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news. 15. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的同学16. swing dance 摇摆舞17. althoughconj: 尽管；虽然 ”,表示转折关系,同义词有 though, 不能与 but 同时使用；如： Although theyre neighbors, they dont play together.= Theyre neighbors, but they dont play together. 尽管他们是邻居,但是他们不在一起玩；18. maybe adv: 或许,大致Maybe he maybe knows it. May + v原：或许,大致 He may know it. 如：Maybe he is at home.= He maybe is at home.= He may be at home. 19. Old habits die hard. 恶习难改 . diev:死亡；消逝deathn: 死亡；deadadj: 死的； dyingadj: 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的 20.Here are the results. 以下是结果；21. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. dying wish- 遗言22. You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. spend 度过（时间）如： spend the weekend with family 花费（时间、钱）如：He spent 20 yuan in buying the magazine.（V-ing 同义句： He spent 20 yuan on the magazine. He paid 20 yuan for the magazine. It took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine.（动词用不定式）_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 17 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - Unit3 I m more outgoing than my sister1. 事实上；实际上in fact 2. 唱歌竞赛the singing competition 3. 头发更短的那个the one with shorter hair 4. 真正关怀我truly care about me 5. 只要；既然 as long as 像 一样长 6. 一 就 as soon as 尽快 7. 共享一切share everything 8. 与 不同 /有差异be different from 9.与 一样/相同be the same as 10. 与 相像的 /类似的 be similar to11.摔断胳膊break the arm 12. 学校primary school 13.打电话询问更多信息 call for more information 15. 形容词和副词的比较级14. 取得更好的成果get better grades 一、含义1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级 : good better - best 2. 比较级：表示两者 人或物 之间的比较；3. 加 more/most 的情形：部分双音节和多音节词 4. 双写的词：一个大热天,一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服,汗湿了,很难过；big hot fat thin red wet sad 二比较级基本句型：连系动词 + adj.（比）如： Lucy is slower than Lily. 1主语 +谓语动词 +adj./adv（比） + than+ 对比成分实义动词 + adv./ （比）如： Lucy runs more slowly than Lily. 2. 主语必需与对比成分保持一样：Her hair is longer than yours. your hair3同级比较 as+adj./adv.原级+as : “犹如 一样 ” 否定： not as/so+adj./adv.原级+as : “不如 一样 ”4比较级 and比较级：越来越 e.g. They talked more and more loudly. 5. The 比较级 ,the比较级 ：越 就越 The more exercise you do, the stronger youll b6. “ Which / Who is + 比较级,A or B？” e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one. 7. the+比较级 +of the（ two ） : 两者中较 的一个 Of the twins, she was the more hard-working . 8. 常用 the one代单数可数名词 ,the ones /those 代替复数名词 ,that 代替不行数名词 . e.g. The book here is newer than the one on the desk The apples on the tree are fresher than those/the ones in the box. The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing. 9. 比较级前可用 “数词 +名词” 表示确定的度量；e.g. I am 5 years older than himThe room is 3 times as large as that one. 留意： 1. 原级常与 very, as,so, too, quite,pretty, really 等连用；2. 比较级常与 much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等连用 . 3. Than 后的比较状语结构 : e.g. He runs faster than me/ I do. 16. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 然而,你能看得出丽莎真的想赢；17. I think friends are like books- you dont need a lot of them as long as they good. 我认为伴侣就像书 -你不需要很多,只要好 就行；look like : 看起来像（外貌）She is pretty tall. be like: 像（性格,外貌）He is outgoing/ serious. _精品资料_ 18. My best friend helps to brings out the best in me. 我最好的伴侣帮我激发出我最好的品质. 第 4 页,共 17 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 使显现；使表现出：The dress brings out the color of her skin. bring out 生产；出版：The factory brings out a new kind of car. bring out the best/worst in sb. 激发出某人最好 /最差的品质 . 19. I know she cares about me because she s always there to listen to me. 我知道她关怀我,由于她随时都能够听我倾诉；n 当心；谨慎 Take care. 当心 /保重 Cross the road with care. 1. care 介意；在乎（ =mind）I don t care what happens. v care about: 关怀；在意 如： He doesn t care about anything people say. care for 关怀；照料 = take care of或 look after 喜爱；想要（否或疑）如： Would you care for a cup of coffee. 2. for sb. 随叫随到；不离左右 如： Parents are always there for children. be there to do sth. 随时预备帮忙 如：She is there to work out the problem. 20. I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different. if: 是否； 假如我真的不介意是否我的伴侣与我一样仍是不同；21They both like sports. 他们俩都喜爱运动；（both：两个都；用在实动之前,其它动词之后）You are both too young. They both speak English. Both of .+ 名词复数 如： Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很美丽；both and两者都 反义词组： neither nor 两者都不 留意： all：都（三者或三者以上） ; either:两者中任一个； every：每个（三者或三者以上）21. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一个真正的伴侣（在你需要帮忙的时候）向你伸出手,触动你的心弦；23. She made me laugh and feel better. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑某人 make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事make+宾语+形容词 : 使某人 /某事怎样 如：His words make us happy. 2. 24. Its not easy for me to make friends. make friends with sb. 与.交伴侣 It 形容词 + for sb.+ to do sth.: 某人做某事怎么样 . It 是形式主语, to do sth.是真正主语 25. The most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. 最重要的事情是学习新的东西和过的高兴；26. That s why I like reading books and I study harder in class那是我喜爱读书和在班上更努力学习的缘由；Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater.1.the best movie theater 最好的电影院 2.the biggest screens 最大的荧屏3. the best sound 最好的音响 4. all kinds of 各种各样的5.the shortest waiting time 最短的等待时间6. three meals a day 一日三餐7.the most comfortable seats 最舒服的座位take a seat 就坐8.buy clothes the most cheaply买衣服最廉价 10. buy tickets the most quickly 买票最快9. the worst service最差的服务 11. know the way around 熟识四周的路12. choose songs the most carefully挑选歌曲最认真 13. the street performers 街头表演者14. the most exciting magicians最令人兴奋的魔术师 15. take seriously 认真对待 16. the most creative talent show最有创意的才艺表演 18. sing the most beautifully 唱得最悦耳17.and so on 等等 19. pretty loud 相当洪亮_精品资料_ 20Welcome to the neighborhood. 欢迎来到社区；welcome to sp. 欢迎到 形容词和副词的最高级第 5 页,共 17 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 一、含义1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级 : badly worse - worst 2. 最高级：表示三者或三者以上人或物 之间的比较；（最高级前勿忘the）二最高级基本句型结构 系动词 + the+adj.最of + 同类 of all/us. 1. 主语 + 谓语动词+ the + adj./adv.最 + 实义动词 + the+ adv.最）in + 范畴 in China. 如： Tara is the youngest of all. Linda draws the most carefully in her class. 注： 1. 副词的最高级前可省略“the”： 如： sit the most comfortably 坐得最舒服2. 最高级前有其它的限定词时,不加“the”： my best friend 2. Which / Who +the + 最高级 , A, B or C . e.g. Which do you like the best, apples, pears or oranges. 3. one of +the +最高级（形） +名（复）： “最 之一 ”；e.g. Jack Chen is one of the most famous actors in the world. 4. the + 序数词 +最高级（形） +名（单）：e.g. Hainan is the second largest island in China. 5. This is the +最高级（形） +名（单） + that 从句：e.g. This is the worst movie that I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最糟糕的电影；6. a+最高级（形） +名（单）: 表示“特别 ”；三原级、比较级、最高级的相互转换e.g. Spring is a best season. 1、原级与比较级的转换：比较级 +than not.as/so.as. e.g. He speaks more loudly than me. I dont speak as/so loudly as he/him.2、比较级与最高级的转换：the other +名（复）（在范畴之内）the+最高级 比较级 +than+ any other+名（单）e.g. Jim is the tallest student in our class. Jim is taller than any other student in our class. Jim is taller than the other students in our class. 21. Thats up to you to decide. 那由你打算；be up to sb. to decide. 由某人打算be up to doing sth. 胜任；适合 如：He isn t up to watching the flowers. Whatup.= What wrong.= What s the matter. 怎么哪？whatmore: 另外；仍有；再者 whatworse: 更糟糕的是22How do you like the neighbor hood so far. so far: 迄今为止；到现在为止同义句： 1. How is the neighborhood. 2. What do you think of the neighborhood. 3. How do you feel about the neighborhood. 23. Thanks for telling me. thanksn:感谢 如：many thanks = Thank you very much. thanks for doing sth. = thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事24No problem. 1. 不客气；（回答感谢）2）、没关系（回答赔礼） 3. 没问题（回答恳求）25-How far is it from your home to the school. - 10 minutes by bus. 乘车特别钟的路程；26It s always interestin g to watch other people show their talents. 看其他人展现他们的 才艺总是好玩的；do sth. 常常或已发生 doing sth. 某次或正在发生 watch/see/hear/feel/find/notice留意 + sb. 如： I often hear her sing. 常常 I saw her come into the classroom. 已发生 I saw them playing basketball yesterday. 某次或正在发生 27. 全世界：around the world = in the world = all over the world. 28. All these shows have one thing in common. 全部的这些节目都有一个共同之处；29. The cinema is the closest to my home. 电影院离我家最近；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 17 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 30When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner. 当人们看节目的时候,他们通常扮演着打算获胜者的角色play a role in . 在.扮演角色 /起作用如：play an important role in the family role play a role of . 扮演 .角色 如： play a role of a reporter play s role well 扮演 .角色演得好 如：play Mulans role well 31. The winner always gets a very good prize. 获胜者总能得到丰厚的嘉奖；32. Some think t