2022年仁爱英语九年级上下册语言知识点汇编3.docx

_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 仁爱英语九年级上下册语言学问点汇编Unit 1 The Changing World Topic 1 China has developed rapidly in recent years. 1. take place 发生 eg: Great changes have tanken place in my hometown. 2.Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy this holiday. 去旅行,但这个假期我仍旧感到很开心；尽管我没时间though 从属连词,用来引导让步状语从句,表“虽然；尽管 ”,不能与 but 连用；如：Though he is poor, he is happy. = He is poor, but he is happy. 尽管他很贫 穷,但是他很欢乐；3.Could you please tell me something about Chinese teenagers. 请告知我一些有关 中国青少年的一些事情好吗？Could /Would you please not do sth？请（不）做某事好吗？eg: Could you please turn down your radio. 请 把 收 音 机 声 音 调 低 好 吗 ？Would you please not play football here. 请不要在这儿踢球好吗？4.Parents couldnt afford education for their children. 父母供不起孩子上学；“负担”afford 常与 can, could 或 be able to 连用,特殊用于否定句或疑问句,表得起（做）某事；抽得出（时间）”“ can t/ couldnt afford to do sth.eg: We cant afford to buy this house because we don们买不这房了,由于我们没有足够的钱；t have enough money. 我eg: He felt he couldnt afford any time to play football. 他觉得自己没有时间踢球了；5.Our government gives support to poor families. 我们的政府能为贫困家庭供应帮助；give support to sb.= give sb. support 为某人供应帮忙 / 支持support 作动词时表 “供养；支持；支撑 ”,eg: She had to support her family at the age of ten. 她十岁时就得养家；His parents supported him in his decision.他的父母支持他的打算；The two sticks support the tree. 两根木棍支撑着这棵树；6.Why not go and search the Internet for some information. 为什么不上网查找相关信息呢？search sp. for sth. 搜查某地查找某物search sb. for sth. 搜身查找某物search for sth./ sb.= look for sth./ sb. 搜寻某物 / 某人；eg: The villagers searched the woods for the lost children. 村民们在树林里查找失 踪的孩子们；The police searched the man for the stolen money. 警察搜那个男人的身,查找被偷的钱；他在查找他丢的钥匙；He is searching/ looking for his missing keys. 7.We often went hungry because the boss didn t give us enough food to eat. 我们经常受饿,由于老板不给我们足够的食物；在这里是系动词,表 “变得 ” ,后跟形容词 ,构成系表结构 . eg: The food on the table went bad. 桌面上的食物变坏了 . 8. One part was used to help support my family, to help send my elder brother to _精品资料_ school. aone part the other part 一部分 另一部分 第 1 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - belder brother 哥哥 elder 作形容词时 , 是 old 的比较级 , 一般表示家庭成员诞生的次序,在句中只能作定语 ,可与 than连用 ; 而 older 表年龄的比较 ,可与 than连用 . 如: His elder sister is two older than he. 他的姐姐比他大两岁 . 作名词时 , 表 “ 长者; 前辈 ; 祖先 ” , 如: Their customs were handed down by the elders. 他们的风俗习惯是由他们的祖先 传下来的 . 9. But China has developed rapidly in recent years. 但是近年来 ,中国进展快速 . in recent years 表 “近年来 ” ,常与完成时连用 . 如: She has learnt a lot of knowledge in recent years. 近年来 ,她学到了很多学问 . 10. China has made such rapid progress. 中国已经取得如此快速的进步；progress 为不行数名词 make progress 取得进步 make some/ much/ great progress 取得一些 / 很多 / 庞大的进步11. What has happened to Beijing化？s roads now. 现在北京的大路发生了什么变sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事,如：eg: If anything happens to him, let me know. 万一他有什么不测,就请通知我；A little accident happened to her yesterday. 昨天她发生了点小意外；12. They express the rich culture of China as well. 他们也表达了丰富的中国文化；as well, too, also均表 “ 也；又”； as well 多用于口语,只用于句末,不用逗号隔 开；too 多用于口语,用于句末,要用逗号隔开；also 较正式,不用于句 末；either 用于否定句,表 “ 也不”,与 too 对应；eg: He likes sports as well. = He likes sports, too. = He also likes sports. 他也宠爱运 动；He didnt come, either. 他也没来；13.keep in touch with 和 保持联系 eg: Nowadays,we keep in touch with each other by sending e-mails. 14.复习现在完成时 Topic 2 What has happened to the population. 1. I really hate to go such a place . 我真厌恶去购物；- So do I . 我也是；So do I .为倒装句,表示前面提到的确定情形也同样适合另外一个主体,表 也一样 ”,结构为 “ so + be /情态动词 / 助动词 + 主语 ”；“某某eg: Jim is a student, so is Tom. 吉姆是一名同学,汤姆也是；Jim can swim, so can Tom. 吉姆会游泳,汤姆也会；Jim likes sports, so does Tom. 吉姆宠爱运动,汤姆也宠爱；如表前面不怎样,后面 “也不 ”怎样时,其结构为 “ neither/ nor + be /情态动词 / 助 动词 + 主语 ”；eg: Jim wasnt Chinese, neither/ nor were they. 吉姆不中国人,他们也不是；t speak Japanese, neither can I . 吉姆不会说日语,我也不会；Jim canJim didnt go there, neither did I . 吉姆没去那儿,我也没去；如前后两句表达的是同一个主体,就不能倒装,表“的确如此 ”；如：eg: Jim is a good student. So he is. 吉姆是一名好同学,的确如此；Jim swims well. So he does. 吉姆游泳很好,的确如此；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 16 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 2At that time, China was the country with the largest population in the world. 那时,中国是世界上人口最多的国家；population 为不行数名词,表示人口的多少只能用 人口用 “ what” , 如：“ large ”或 “ small ”修饰,提问eg: The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 上海的人口比北京多；Whats the population of China.= How many people are there in China. 中国的人口有多少？3. Great changes have taken place in China. 中国发生了庞大变化；take place 指必定性的“ 发生 ”或有方案、支配之eg: The accident happened yesterday. 事故发生在昨天； 两者都不用于被动语态；4. The population has increased a lot. 人口增长发很多；increase 可作及物动词也可作不及物动词；其含义是“增长,增加,加强 ”等；increase by 指“增加了 ”; increase to 指 “增加到 ”5. and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China. 而且世界上大约五分之一的人口生活在中国；one fifth 是分数表达法；英文分数表达法：分子为基数词,分母为序数词,先读分子后读分母；当分子大于 1 时,分母的序数词就变为复数,直接在词尾加“ s”；eg: one fourth 四分之一；three fourths 四分之三；one second 二分之一；two thirds 三分之二 注：分数修饰名词作主语,谓语动词要和所修饰的名词保持一样；6It has worked well in controlling Chinas population. 它在掌握人口数量方面取得了显著的功效；work well in doing sth. 表“在 方面很有功效 ” , 做眼保健操 eg: Doing eye exercises works well in protecting our eyesight.（视力）在爱护视力方面很有功效；7. Because of our large population, we are short of energy and water. be short of 表 “缺乏 ”eg: She is always short of money at the end of every month. 每个月底她总是缺钱；be short for 表“是 的缩写 ” , eg: TV is short for television. TV 是 television 的缩写形式 . 8. Can all Chinese families offer their children a good education. 全部的中国家庭 都能给他们的的孩子供应良好的训练吗？offer 表“（主动）赐予,供应 ”offer sb. sth. 供应某人某物 ”如：I offered him a glass of wine. 我敬了他一杯酒；offer to do sth. （主动）提出做某事 ”如：She offered to cook for her mother. 她提出帮她妈妈煮饭；8.be strict with 对 要求严格 eg：Our teachers are strict with us. 9.I can t go shopping in big stores unless I travel for a couple of hours.我得花几个小 时,才能到大的商场购物；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 16 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - a unless = if not 表“除非 ; 假如不 ”,引导条件状语从句；t hear from you.假如eg: I wont go unless I hear from you. = I wont go if I don 你不通知我,我就不去；Unless Bill studies hard, hell fail in the exam. 假如比尔不努力 , 他不会通过考试 的. b a couple of 表 “几个人或几件事 ” ,eg: a couple of years ago 几年前 ; a couple of students 几个同学couple 指任何两件同类的东西 ;如: a couple of watches 两只手表；five couples of cats 五对猫pair 指两件不行分开使用的东西 ,它们可指两件互不相连的东西 鞋子、袜子等 ,也可指两部分构成的一件东西（裤子、剪刀等）；如：a pair of shoes 一双鞋子 a pair of pants 一条裤子 10.on / about 关于 on：关于（学术性较强） eg：He is writing a book on medicine. about：He is telling us a story about heroes. 11.take measures 实行措施 Eg: China has take measures to reduce the pollution. 四、重点语法 现在完成常常与以下表不明确的状语连用：1already 和 yet already 已经 ”（多用于确定陈述句） ,如： He has already gone home. 他已经回 家了； yet “已经 ; 仍”（用于否定句或疑问句） ,如：Have you found him yet. 你 已经找到他了吗？I havent finished my homework yet. 我仍没完成作业；already 也可用于疑问句,表“出乎意料或诧异” Have you finished your homework already. 莫非你已经完成作业了？2ever 和 never ever “曾经 ”（多用于疑问句,问初次经受） ,如： I have ever been abroad. 我曾出 过国； never “从未；从来不 ”（多用于否定陈述句） ,常回答 ever的句型；如：I have never seen him before. -Has he ever been abroad. 他曾出过国吗？ -No, never. 不,从来不；3just just 刚刚 ”（多用于确定句,位于谓语动词之前） ,如：I have just tried to call you. 我刚刚打电话给你；4before before 之前”（一般位于句末；常与 never 呼应）,如：He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before. 他说他以前从来没看过这么美的风景；Topic 3 The world has changed for the better. 1. Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them.他 们一旦发觉有人需要帮忙,就选定适当的方式来帮忙他们；a once 是从属连词,表 “一旦 就 ” ,它的从句为现在时态 包括一般现在 时、现在进行时、现在完成时 ,主句就为一般将来时；或者主从句均为过去的 某种时态；_精品资料_ eg: Once you become interested in playing computer games, youll have trouble 第 4 页,共 16 页giving them up. 一旦你迷上了电脑嬉戏,你就很难舍弃它；- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - b decide on doing sth. 打算（做）某事,相当于 decide to do sth. eg: They decided on spending the holiday in Hainan. 他们打算在海南度假；= They decided to spend the holiday in Hainan. 2. The government provides homeless people with nice homes. 政府向无家可归的 人们供应舒服的住处；provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 供应应某人某物 eg: The school provided the students with food. 这所学校为同学们供应食物；= The school provided food for the students. 3. I think it s a wonderful place to live in. 我认为那是一个居住的好地方；to live in 是动词不定式,用来修饰前面的名词 place. 在不定式中,如动词为不 工具等, 不定 及物动词, 或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、式后必需跟上相应的介词；eg: There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担忧的事；I need a pen to write with. 我需要一只笔写字；4. It is famous because it has been so successful in helping homeless people return to normal lives. 它很出名是由于它已经胜利地帮忙无家可归的人重新过上正常的 生活；be successful in doing sth. 胜利地做成某事, 相当于 succeed in doing sth. 如： eg: He was successful in passing the exam. 他胜利地通过了考试；They were successful in climbing Mount Huang. 他们胜利地登上了黄山；5In the past sixteen years, Project Hope has raised about 3 billion yuan. 在近十六年 来,期望工程已筹集了大约 30 亿元；in the past + 如干时间,表 “近如干时间来 ”,用于现在完成时；eg: They have learnt about 500 English words in the past two months. 近两个月来,他们已经学习了大约 500 个英语单词；6.复习直接引语和间接引语和构词法 Unit 2 Saving the earth Topic 1 I cant stand the environment here. t stand the environment here. 我无法容忍这儿的环境；1.I canstand 表“容忍；忍耐 ” ,后接名词、代词及动名词做宾语；eg: I can t stand that man, he talks too much. 我忍耐不了那个人了, 他话太多了；I cant stand waiting any longer. 我再也等不了了；2.What do you mean by sth. . 某物是什么意思呢 . s the meaning of sth . = What does sth. mean. = What3.I hope I can move from here soon. 我期望我能早点从这儿搬走；当主从句主语一样时,常可转换成不定式短语= I hope to move from here soon. 我期望早点从这儿搬走；4There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river. 有几座工厂正往河里排放污水；There be + sb. / sth. + doing sth. 表有某人 / 某物正在做某事；eg: There are some birds singing in the tree. 树上有些鸟儿在唱歌；There is a little girl crying in the street. 街上有个小女孩在哭；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 16 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 5stop doing sth. 停止做（正在进行的）事stop to do sth. 停下来去做（另一件）事eg: It s late. They will stop working and stop to have supper. 很迟了；他们将停下来吃晚饭；The students stopped talking and to listen to the teacher. 同学们停止说话去听课；6Im sorry for making so much noise. 很愧疚我弄出这么大的噪音；表对当be sorry for doing sth. 表对做过的事感到愧疚be sorry to do sth. 前的事感到愧疚eg: Im sorry for waking you up yesterday. 很愧疚昨天把你弄醒了；Im sorry to trouble you. 很愧疚打搅你了；Im sorry to hear that. 听到那个（消息）感到很遗憾；7 Recently it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do, 近来据报道,美国很多青少年的听力和 65 岁的老人一样差；no better than 表“同 几乎一样差 ; 不比 做得好 ”eg: Lucy did no better than Lily in the exam. 露西和莉莉考得几乎一样糟 . = Lucy almost did as badly as Lily in the exam. 8.复习现在完成时中连续性的动作或状态和由for / since 引导的一段时间状语搭配使用；a “ for + 时间段 ” 与 “ since + 时间点 ” 都表“一段时间 ”,常用 How long 提问； b 如句中含有非连续性动词,就改为相应的连续性动词或状态；Topic 2 How does pollution hurt the earth. 1. It says that China has become the worlds largest producer and user of coal. 它（文章）写到中国已经成为世界上最大的煤炭生产和消费国；sth. + says that 此句型中主语是事或物, say 表用“文字、数字 ”说明信息；eg: It says “ Happy New Year. card. 卡片上写着 “新年欢乐； ”；The clock says that it is 20:00 now. 这面钟显示现在是 20：00；2. As we know, none of us likes pollution. 众所周知,没有人宠爱污染；none与 no one 的区分：none “全无 ”,既可指人也可指物,后常跟of 的短语 ; 作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数； no one 只指人,后不能跟 of 的短语 ; 作主语时,谓语动词 只用作单数；eg: He has read none of these books.（指物）这些书他一本都没看 过；None of my friends like/ likes drawing.（指人）我的伴侣们没有一个宠爱画画；No one is here. 没有一个在这儿；none回答 how many/ much 的问题； no one回答 who 的问题；如：一点儿也没A: How many students come to school by taxi. B: None. 有多少的同学搭出租车来上学？没有人；A: How much water is there in the bottle. B: None. 瓶子里有多少水？有；A: Who is in the room. B: No one.谁在房中？没有人；3.When it rains, the soil will be washed away.下雨时,土壤就会被冲走；will be + 过去分词为一般将来时的被动语形式；eg: The earth will be blown away by the wind. 泥土将会被风刮走；（被动语态）_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 16 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - = The wind will blow away the earth. 风将会把泥土刮走；（主动语态）5A lot of rich land has changed into desert, leaving only sand. 很多肥沃的土地已经变成了沙漠,留下的是遍地黄沙；a change into = turn into 把 .转变成eg: Please change/ turn English into Chinese. 请把英语变成汉语；When the traffic lights change/ turn into green, we can go. 当交通灯变成绿色时 ,我们就可以通行；b leaving only stand现在分词短语作状语 , 表相伴主动；eg: The children went away, talking and laughing. 孩子们说着、笑着离开了；The girl is looking for her mother, crying loudly. 母亲；这个女孩大声地哭着在查找她的6Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. They can also prevent the sand from moving toward the rich land. 树可以防风固土, 也可阻挡风沙吹进良田；stop / prevent sb. /sth. from doing sth. 阻挡 / 防止 某人或某物做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻挡 / 防止 某人或某物做某事eg: Trees can keep water from running away. 树可以防止水土流失；7.in danger of doing sth. 处于做某事的危急中 eg: They are in danger of losing their lives. 他们正处于失去生命的危急中；8.cut down 砍到 Eg：Many trees are cut down every years 9. You may either take a bus or a taxi. 你们可能搭公车去或者是搭出租车去； or “ 要么 要么 并列连词 ,连接主语时 ,依据就近原就选取谓语动 a either 词；eg: You may come either today or tomorrow. 你要么今日来,要么明天来；Either you or he is right. 要么你对,要么他对；b either 单独使用时,是代词,表 谓语动词用作单数；如：“二者之一 ”既可指人也可指物；用作主语时,A： ould you like coffee or tea. B: Either is OK 你想要咖啡仍是茶？任凭都可以；Either of us is right. 我们俩中有一人是对的；Topic 3 Lets be greener people. 1.We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bags rather than throw them away. 我们应当把纸的两面都使用,将塑料袋再次使用而不是轻易扔掉；both 修饰复数名词；而 either 修饰单数名词；eg: There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road. = There are a lot of trees on either side of the road. 在路的两边有很多树；2.Everyone is supposed to do it. 每个人都应当那样做；be supposed to do sth.指（按规定、习惯、支配等）应当做某事； 相当于 should; 用 于否定句时,表 “答应 ”；eg: Teachers are supposed to/ should know a lot. 老师应当知道很多；You are not supposed to smoke here. 这里不答应抽烟；4. First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room. 第一,当你离开房间 的时候,应当关灯；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 16 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - ought to 情态动词 , 表 “ 应当; 应当 ” ; 语气比 should 强;指道义上应当做的事,有时含有批评或督促的语气；should 指主观上感到有责任或义务去做；如：You ought to help your mother do some housework.你应当帮你妈妈做些家务；We should study hard.我们应当努力学习；其否定式和疑问式：You oughtnt to get up so late in the morning.你早晨不应当起这么晚；Ought I to tell her the bad news. 我该告知她坏消息吗？Yes, you ought. No, you oughtnt. Unit 3 English around the world Topic1 English is widely spoken around the world. 1.stick v. 粘贴, =put up eg: You can stick it on the wall in your room.你可以把它贴在你房间的墙上；2.can t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地想要做某事eg: I can t wait to fly there. 我迫不急待地想要飞往哪里；又：cant help doing sth. 忍不住要做某事, 如：I can t help laughing.