高考英语总复习《学案与测评》Module1 Life in the Future课件 外研必修4.ppt

核心单词核心单词1.alternative adj.供选择的，替换的供选择的，替换的n.替代物；供选择的东西；可能的选择替代物；供选择的东西；可能的选择We have no alternative but to move.我们除了搬家之外别无选择。The way was blocked,so we had to go by an alternative road.这条路被封了，我们不得不走另一条路。You have the alternative of speaking or keeping quiet.你有权利选择发言或保持沉默。alternative/choice/preferenceModule 1 Life in the Future2021/8/11 星期三1能指具体事物。choice是常用语，强调无范围的自由地选择，依据个人喜好来选择。preference表示“偏好,偏爱”，侧重指更喜欢哪一个。2.load vt.装载，装填；使担负装载，装填；使担负n.负荷，重担；装载量负荷，重担；装载量常用结构：a load of=loads of 许多，大量（=plenty of.）The workers loaded a lorry with bricks.工人们把砖装上卡车。I was loaded down with the heavy luggage.我拿了许多沉重的行李。Things have begun to improve since schools called on to reduce learning load.自从学校被要求减轻学习负担后，情况已经开始好转了。3.limitvt.限制，限定限制，限定(常与常与to搭配搭配)n.限制，限定；边界，界限限制，限定；边界，界限2021/8/11 星期三2Her travelling has been limited to a few French resorts.她的旅行仅限于法国的一些旅游胜地。He is exceeding the speed limit.他超过了时速限制。limited adj.有限的without limits 无限制地;无限地As we know,water resources are very limited on the earth.众所周知，地球上的水资源是非常有限的。mand n.命令，指令；控制，指挥命令，指令；控制，指挥v.命令，指挥；掌握；拥有命令，指挥；掌握；拥有Our troop was under his command.我们的部队由他指挥。Nobody obeyed the teachers command to stop chatting.老师制止学生聊天，却没人听从。The teacher commanded him to go out of the classroom.=The teacher commanded that he(should)go out of the2021/8/11 星期三3classroom.老师命令他离开教室。注意：注意：command后面跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。5.charge vt.收费，要价；控告；给收费，要价；控告；给充电充电n.费用；指责；控告；责任费用；指责；控告；责任How much did he charge you for cleaning the room?打扫这个房间他要了你多少钱？I charge you not to mention it any more.我要求你不要再提这件事了。They brought a charge of murder against the former player.他们指控这位前运动员犯了谋杀罪。The hotel paid the taxi driver and put the charge on their hotel bill.旅馆给出租汽车司机付了款并将费用记在他们的旅馆账单上。in charge of sth.负责某事in the charge of sb.由某人负责free of charge免费He was in charge of the shop while the manager was away.2021/8/11 星期三4=The shop was in the charge of him when the manager was away.经理不在的时候他负责管理这个商店。charge/accuse二者都含有“控告，谴责”的意思。但在用法上有区别:charge指因重大错误或罪行而被进行法律上的指控。与介词with搭配，构成charge sb.with sth.短语。accuse指当面的指控或指责，不一定诉诸法律。与介词of搭配，构成accuse sb.of sth.结构。6.disability n.C 残疾；残疾人残疾；残疾人She swims well despite her disabilities.她虽然身有残疾，却是个游泳健将。His disability caused this thing to fail.他的无能导致了这件事的失败。His disability prevented him from going to college.2021/8/11 星期三5他的残疾使他不能上大学。联想拓展disable vt.表示“使残疾（废）”，常用于被动句。disabled adj.残疾的the disabled（复数）残疾人The solider was disabled by leg wounds.这个士兵腿部受伤致残。He was disabled and couldnt enter the college.他是残疾人，不能进入那所大学。The entrance is specially designed for the disabled.这个入口是专门为残疾人设计的。7.attach v.系，绑，附上；使隶属系，绑，附上；使隶属You must attach a label to each piece of luggage.每件行李上，你都必须贴上标签。Its unwise to attach too much importance to the information.过于重视那个消息是不明智的。attach oneself to sb./sth.依附某人/参加某事2021/8/11 星期三6be attached to 与有联系;与有关联No suspicion can be attached to the document.那个文件不容置疑。I attached myself to a group of tourists entering the museum.我随着一队游客进入了博物馆。重点短语8.for sure肯定地肯定地易混辨析sure/certain 两者的用法相近，都可表示“确定的，肯定的”，在很多结构中可以互换，但也有区别：在It is certain that.句型中，只能用certain。在祈使句be sure to do sth.中，一般用sure而不用certain。be sure of sth./be sure that表示“确信，对做某事有把握”（指自己本身有把握）。而be sure to do sth.表示“一定，务必”（指说话人的看法）。这两者都强调主观上怀有强烈的愿望及没有疑虑，主语一般是人。2021/8/11 星期三7 be certain表示“确信，对有把握”，含有无疑或十分确信的意味，强调有充分的理由或者确凿的证据，不容置疑或直接了解真相。主语既可以是人，也可以是物。sure作定语时，表示“可靠的，无误的”。certain作定语时，可以表示不确定，意为“某个，某些”；也可指程度，意为“有点，有些”。在口语中，肯定答语常用sure=surely=certainly，而certain不能用作副词。9.run out 用完，耗尽；协议（文件等）失效过期用完，耗尽；协议（文件等）失效过期The resources we rely on will run out sooner or later.我们所依赖的资源迟早会枯竭的。The petrol is running out.汽油快用光了。My passport has run out.我的护照已经过期了。易混辫析run out/run out of/use up/give out run out意为“用完”，是不及物动词短语，主语一般是“物”，而run out of 意为“用完了”,是及物动词短语，主语一般是“人”。2021/8/11 星期三8His money has run out.=He has run out of his money.他的钱花完了。use up相当于run out of意为“用完，用光”。give out=run out意为“用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽”，是不及物动词短语，主语一般是“物”。After a month,their food supplies gave out.一个月后，他们的粮食储备消耗殆尽。10.get rid of 摆脱；处理掉摆脱；处理掉Its time(that)we got rid of our bad habits.该到我们改掉坏习惯的时候了。He just sat there talking all evening and I couldnt get rid of him.他坐在那谈了一个晚上，而我也无法摆脱他。11.look out小心小心;当心当心易混辨析易混辨析took out/take care/be careful2021/8/11 星期三9 这三个短语都有“当心、小心”的意思，是表示警告的日常用语。look out 语气最强，往往用于某种紧急情况或可能出现危险的场合，其后可接for宾语，提醒别人当心危险的事。Look out for the rock in the water.当心水中的石头。take care 语气没有那么强烈，指做某事时要当心，不可粗心大意，多用于对可能出现的不测做出预先提醒或警告，其后可接不定式或that从句。We must take care that no one sees us.我们必须注意别让别人看见我们。be careful可以代替look out 和take care，其后可以接不定式或about，with等介词短语。You must be careful with your glasses.你应该小心你的眼镜。重点句型12.Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.2021/8/11 星期三10每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。方，这个号码都不会改变。“no matter+疑问词.”引导让步状语从句，意为“不管,无论”，可与“疑问词ever”引导的让步状语从句互换。No matter what/Whatever happened,he would not mind.无论发生什么，他都不会介意。No matter where/Wherever you go,you will find many kind people who want to help others.无论你去哪儿，你都会发现有很多愿意帮助别人的好心人。No matter how expensive it may be,Ill take it.无论它有多贵，我都要买下它。联想拓展 where/when/how+ever只引导让步状语从句，所以完全等同于no matter+where/when/how，而who/whom/what/which+ever除引导让步状语从句外还可引导名词性从句。引导名词性从句时，who/whom/what/which+ever不能转换为no matter+who/whom/what/which。这时的whatever意为“所有的一切人和事”，相当于anything that；whoever意为“任何的2021/8/11 星期三11人”，相当于anyone who；whichever 意为“的那个人或事物”，相当于the person or the thing that。These wild flowers are so special that I would do whatever I can to save them.=These wild flowers are so special that I would do anything that I can to save them.这些野花很特别，所以我想尽我所能去挽救它们。Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.=Anyone who breaks the rules will be punished.谁违反这些规则都将受到惩罚。Give it to whomever you like.=Give it to anyone whom you like.你喜欢给谁就给谁。2021/8/11 星期三12构词法.利用派生法，品句填词利用派生法，品句填词Shanghai _ is a major _ of China,where China _ a variety of goods from the other countries and _ to the other countries.(port)答案:Port;port;imports;exports.串联扩展串联扩展在横线上填入适当的单词2021/8/11 星期三13词根 ex/e(前缀=out)im(前缀=in)port 港口,口岸 export 出口,输出;出口产品 import 进口,输入;引进press 挤压,按 _1_ 表达,出来,表露expression表情,表达impress 留下印象_2_印象,影响pose 造成,引起,提问 expose 使显露,露出_3_ 说明,解释_4_推行,采用,强加imposition实施;不公平的要求migrate 移居,迁徙 _5_移出,移民到国外 immigrate 从外地移入,移民_6_n.移居,入境;移民人数2021/8/11 星期三141._ 2._ 3._4._ 5._ 6._答案:1.Express 2.impression 3.exposition4.Impose 5.emigrate 6.immigration2021/8/11 星期三152021/8/11 星期三16