高考英语 适用于第一轮复习的定语从句(1)课件 新人教.ppt
2021/8/11 星期三1定语从句难点考点总结定语从句难点考点总结（一）（一）定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念正确选用关系词正确选用关系词介词介词+关系代词关系代词2021/8/11 星期三21.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。2.Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.想不犯错误，就一事无成。想不犯错误，就一事无成。3.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。不到长城非好汉。4.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。自助者天助。5.Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人世上无难事，只怕有心人2021/8/11 星期三3这是我的杯子这是我的杯子这是装满水的杯子。这是装满水的杯子。这是我昨天买的杯子。这是我昨天买的杯子。总结总结:当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。Thisismycup.Thisisthecupfullofwater.ThisisthecupwhichIboughtyesterday.2021/8/11 星期三4修饰修饰某一某一名词或代词名词或代词的的从句从句叫定语从句。叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后被被定语从句定语从句修饰修饰的的词词叫先行词叫先行词引导引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句的词叫关系词。先行词定语从句关系词名词名词/代词代词 +定语从句（定语从句（关系词关系词其他成分）其他成分）2021/8/11 星期三5引导引导定语从句定语从句代替代替先行词在定语从句中的位置先行词在定语从句中的位置在定语在定语从句中从句中担当一个成分担当一个成分Themanwho he is shaking handswith my fatherisapoliceman.关系词通常有三个功能The girl whom I talked with her just now is my good friend.2021/8/11 星期三6关关系系词词关系代词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词关系副词When,where,why2021/8/11 星期三7关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系词在句中作用关系关系代词代词人人/物物主、宾主、宾物物主、宾主、宾人人主、宾主、宾人人宾宾人人/物物定定关系关系副词副词时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhy2021/8/11 星期三8如何选择关系词如何选择关系词？1.The man _came to our school is Mr.Wang.2.We shall never forget the days _we spent together.3.We shall never forget the days _we lived together.总结总结:Step1判定判定主从句主从句部分部分Step2判定判定先行词先行词Step3 看先行词看先行词在从句中充当何成分在从句中充当何成分。who/thatthat/which/省略省略when2021/8/11 星期三91.Thenumberofpeople_cometovisit thiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.2.Whereistheman_Isawthismorning?3.Thebook_youintroducedtomethismorningisverygood.4.Theseason_etovisitthiscityeachyearIsawthismorningyouintroducedtomethismorningcomesafterspringwho/thatwho/whomwhich/that/略略which/that5.Ivisitedascientist_nameisknownalloverthecountry.nameisknownalloverthecountry.whose6.Istillremembertheday_Ifirstcametothisschool.thisschool.Ifirstcametowhen7.Shanghaiisthecity_Iwasborn.Iwasborn.8.Thereason_hewaspunishedisunknowntous.wherehewaspunishedwhyforwhich.2021/8/11 星期三10(1)Theschool_heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschool_heoncestudiedisveryfamous.(2)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine_youaskedfor.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine_youasked.(3)Wellgotohearthefamoussinger_wehaveoftentalkedabout.Wellgotohearthefamoussinger_wehaveoftentalked.that/whichinwhichthat/whichforwhichwhom/that/whoaboutwhom难点：难点：介词介词+关系代词关系代词2021/8/11 星期三11关系代词前介词关系代词前介词(介词介词which)的确定的确定1.1.根据根据从句从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g.Isthatthenewspaper_whichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据根据从句从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配中动词或形容词的习惯搭配e.g.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms_whichImnotsure.3.根据根据先行词先行词与介词的搭配习惯与介词的搭配习惯e.g.1949wastheyear_whichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.foraboutinthenewspaperhowtousetheseidiomstheyear2021/8/11 星期三12 1.Thisisthecar_Thisisthecar_whichwhichIpaid$100.Ipaid$100.2.Thisisthecar_2.Thisisthecar_whichwhichIspent$100.Ispent$100.3.Thisisthecar_3.Thisisthecar_whichwhichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.theoldmanwasknockeddown.4.Thisisthecar_4.Thisisthecar_whichwhichaboythrewastone.aboythrewastone.5.Thisisthecar_5.Thisisthecar_whichwhichthewindowwasbroken.thewindowwasbroken.6.Thisisthecar_6.Thisisthecar_whichwhichIcantgotowork.Icantgotowork.foronwithoutbyatof选用正确的选用正确的介词：介词：2021/8/11 星期三131.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_ istheYellowRiver.2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.3.Helovedhisparentdeeply,_whomareverykindtohim.(父母俩都父母俩都)4.Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,_whichhavegonebad.5.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,_whomarefrombigcities.ofwhichofwhich介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which/whom)的情况的情况（其中有些（其中有些）(他们中的大部分他们中的大部分)bothofsomeofmostof2021/8/11 星期三14启示：启示：1.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用_不可用不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用；关系代词指物时只可用_,不可用不可用that.关系代词是所有格时用关系代词是所有格时用_。2.当先行词时表示时间，地点，原因的名词时，当先行词时表示时间，地点，原因的名词时，on/in/at/forwhich=_when/where/whywhomwhichwhose2021/8/11 星期三15Translation(使用定语从句)发生在发生在5 5月月1212日的汶川大地震是日的汶川大地震是2121世纪中国最世纪中国最可怕的灾难之一。它不但给人们带来了巨大可怕的灾难之一。它不但给人们带来了巨大的损坏，而且破坏了很多建筑物，这使得成的损坏，而且破坏了很多建筑物，这使得成千上万的人无家可归，甚至失去生命。救援千上万的人无家可归，甚至失去生命。救援队伍挽救了成千上万的被困在或埋在废墟底队伍挽救了成千上万的被困在或埋在废墟底下的人们。临时住所也建了起来，幸存者可下的人们。临时住所也建了起来，幸存者可以安全地住在里面。以安全地住在里面。2021/8/11 星期三165 5月月1212日发生在汶川的大地震是日发生在汶川的大地震是2020世纪中国世纪中国最可怕的灾难之一。最可怕的灾难之一。The earthquake which happened in Wenchuan The earthquake which happened in Wenchuan on May 12 is one of the most terrible disasters in on May 12 is one of the most terrible disasters in China in the 20China in the 20thth century.century.它不但给人们带来了巨大的损坏，而且破坏它不但给人们带来了巨大的损坏，而且破坏了很多建筑物，这使得成千上万的人无家可了很多建筑物，这使得成千上万的人无家可归，甚至失去生命。归，甚至失去生命。It not only caused great damage to people but It not only caused great damage to people but also destroyed many buildings,which made also destroyed many buildings,which made thousands of people homeless,or even dead.thousands of people homeless,or even dead.2021/8/11 星期三17救援队伍挽救了成千上万的被困在或埋在废救援队伍挽救了成千上万的被困在或埋在废墟底下的人们。墟底下的人们。The rescue team saved those who were trapped The rescue team saved those who were trapped or buried under the ruins.or buried under the ruins.临时住所也建了起来，幸存者可以安全地住临时住所也建了起来，幸存者可以安全地住在这里。在这里。Shelters were set up,which were safe for the Shelters were set up,which were safe for the survivors to live in.survivors to live in.2021/8/11 星期三18Read the passage againThe earthquake which happened inWenchuan The earthquake which happened inWenchuan on May 12 is one of the most terrible disasters in on May 12 is one of the most terrible disasters in China in the 20China in the 20thth century.It not only caused century.It not only caused great damage to people but also destroyed many great damage to people but also destroyed many buildings,which made thousands of people buildings,which made thousands of people homeless,or even dead.The rescue team saved homeless,or even dead.The rescue team saved those who were trapped or buried under the those who were trapped or buried under the ruins.Shelters were set up,which were safe for ruins.Shelters were set up,which were safe for the survivors to live in.the survivors to live in.2021/8/11 星期三19Homework:FinishexercisesonP352andP353(金榜一金榜一号号)2021/8/11 星期三20Thankyou!2021/8/11 星期三212021/8/11 星期三49
