2022新高考全国I卷英语试题及答案解析.docx

2022新高考全国I卷英语试题及答案解析2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)20%.GroupAssignments(30%)LateWorkWhereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?Atextbook.Anexampaper.D.Anacademicarticle.C.Acourseplan.Howmanypartsisastudentsfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.C.Youwillbegivenatest.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.BLikemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonthscoverstory.Itsjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownawayfrom“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthatshardtounderstand,letskeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetimebutforhim,itsmorelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdontthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwonteat.”Curtinsays.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?Moraldecline.Environmentalharm.Energyshortage.Worldwidestarvation.Itproduceskitchenequipment.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?Buyonlywhatisneeded.Reducefoodconsumption.Goshoppingonceaweek.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.CTheelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善组织)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeopleswellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseetheyvegonetobed.“Itsgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.PeoplehavebeenbringingtheirTherearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.projectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?Toensureharmonyincarehomes.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.Topromotetheelderlypeopleswelfare.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?Improve.Oppose.Begin.Evaluate.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?Itiswellreceived.Itneedstobemorecreative.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.C.Itishighlyprofitable.DHumanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthefive-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworldslanguages.whythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(对齐),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(结构),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidnthavetodoasmuchworkandsodidntgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasisresearchfocuson?Itsvariety.Itsdistribution.D.Itsdevelopment.C.Itsquantity.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”Onereasonwas:“YoullactuallyshowupifyouSo,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywontresultinausefulresponse.Ifyouplanon38workingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40OverYourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.Youllworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenalongChalkCreek.Iwasourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we4243thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.Itinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.46hedidntendupAnothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisoneourpeacefulmorningtrip.Thepickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingtothemotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaquickly484950ropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere53.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55wewillexperiencenext.A.ideasjokesmemorieswalkeddiscoveriesD.cycledA.campedA.annoyedA.unhurtA.duetoA.workedB.droveB.surprisedB.unfortunateB.insteadofhappeneddisappointedC.apartfrommatteredworriedD.unafraidD.asforD.changedD.headedoffD.recordedD.speedA.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutA.arrangedB.interruptedC.temperatureC.startA.windA.findA.luckB.noiseB.hideD.fixanswerwonderC.doubtfullysafesignalA.patientlyB.tirelesslyD.helplesslyD.rightA.sorryA.reliefA.failureB.bravedutyprideexcitementD.conflictadventureperformance第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderone56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes5758authority59(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagementAfterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNPsmaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate606162(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,anddesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.63(eventual)achieveaGiantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaspecies(物种)，bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是校广播站英语节目“TalkandTalk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：1.节目介绍;2.访谈的时间和话题。注意：写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearCaroline,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute(路线)throughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasntwiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschoolscoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“IwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughatDavidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlongerthatsall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldntlookatme.IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试参考答案第二部分阅读21.C26.D31.A36.C22.B27.A32.D37.D23.A28.D33.C38.BB29.BB30.C35.C40.F34.A39.G第三部分语言运用41.C42.A46.A47.D51.A52.D56.CoveringDCB50.C55.B48.B53.C49.A54.Dtheweretoincreaseisdesignedandpopulationseventuallyas65.that高考备考高考备考要坚强要知道你是作为高考的考生，你现在的使命就是要为你的明天，为了你的理想奋斗，积极向上，不断地进步。在高考备考中，需要坚强地拿出你的勇气来克服高考中的，疲惫，无趣，痛苦，要有屡战屡败，屡败屡战的精神，这样才可以见到，新的光明，结出理想之花。不要轻易地放弃，要对自己的理想坚定不移，要把你的执着和顽强，运用到高考备考当中。高考备考要科学好好地备考，要运用最有效率，最科学的方法，踏踏实实地备考高考要规范，注重每一个细节。无论是从答题或是备考之中，一定要规范，要按照要求，他有什么要求，你就跟着他去做，跟着要求走，你就不会跑偏，要认真审题。另外注重细节，不要对简单的题目产生大意。高考提分攻略明确高考要考什么想要高考取得成功，就要知道高考要考什么，正所谓知己知彼，百战百胜，首先你要知道它考什么?你要明确到高考究竟要考什么知识点?高考的要求是什么?题目难度对于自己来说怎么样?才能更好的进行备考。另外你要根据实际制定你的目标，你的目标是什么?有了目标才有动力，才可以根据你自己的实际情况去跟进，去努力进步。高考考的是心理素质用以往的来说，身边有很多同学，平时成绩很好的，但是一到大考，却往往不理想，这是为什么呢?大多数落榜的同学往往是因为心理素质的问题，有所欠缺，还没有认识到心理素质在高考之中，也是很重要的。除了平常的知识点复习以外，也要注意自己心理的状况。平时压力大就要学会及时宣泄抒发。平时要加强锻炼自己的抗压能力，抗挫折能力。考差了不要紧，要分析原因，找漏洞和短板，如果考好了，不要骄傲，要谦虚的学习，跟不断地进步。注重高考的策略和技巧其实不是每一个人都是可以把所有知识点掌握，然后去考试的。但是为什么有的人平时并不是很厉害，但往往考试会得到比较高的分数呢?那是因为他们有自己的一些，复习备考的技巧，还有应试的一些技巧。他们知道怎样复习可以提高效率。他们知道自己的短板的长处在哪里，根据实际的试卷情况，去制定一些他们应试做题的策略。比如一些综合科目是很难做完的，所以就从易到难，能得分的题目不失分，可以得分题目稳得分，难的题目尽量得分。