(文末附答案)2022-2023年高中英语知识点总结(超全).docx

（文末附答案）2022-2023年高中英语知识点总结（超全）单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、It took him quite a while to to living alone after his parents passed away.A . affectB . adjustC . easeD . settle2、darkness had again descended upon me how much I had left unseen.A . When; I had realizedB . Only when; did I realizeC . Only when; I realizedD . When; I realize3、is known to us, wearing face masks is an effective way to protect ourselves.A . AsB . ItC . WhichD . What4、 Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally.A . respectsB . respectingC . respectD . respected5、The new traffic law has. It won' t be long before it is put into effect.A . gone throughB . set offC . come outD . made up6、He turned down by several publishers before he finally got his first book.A . had been; publishedB . had; publishedC . has been; to publishD . was; to publish7、more information about the package tour around Peru, please contact us .A . For; onB . For; atC . With; onD . With; at8、Neither I nor the President and actor in an American accent.A . speakB . speaksC . hasD . have和主语构成被动关系。应选D。5、答案：A解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：新的交通法规已经通过了。它不久就会生效。A. gone through通过；B. set off出发； C. come out 出版；D. made up 组成。根据后文"It wont t be long before it is put into effect/1 可知，新的交 通法规已经通过了，应用go through。应选A。6、答案：A解析：考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。句意：他的第一本书终于出版了，但之前遭到了几家出版商的拒绝。主句动作 发生在从句过去动作之前，为过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。主语he与turn down之间为被动关系，所以 用被动语态。his first book与publish之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，且表示动作已经完成。 应选A。7、答案：B解析：考查介词。句意：为了解更多关于秘鲁旅游团的信息，请在tourinfotravelperu.org.联系我们。首先看空格一， “for”意为“为了”，介词词性，“with”意为“具有”，介词词性，根据句意可知，句中指“为了解更多关于秘鲁旅游团的信息”，表目的，故空格一应用介词"for ,句首单词首字母大写；“contact sb. at+网址” 为固定搭配，“tourinfotravelperu.org.”为网址，故空格二应用介词“at”。应选B项。8、答案：B解析：考查主谓一致。句意：我和总统兼演员说话都没有美国口音。speak in用交谈。either.nor.连接两个主语10 时，谓语动词遵循就近原那么。the President and actor指的是总统兼演员，指的是同一个人，所以谓语动词用第 三人称单数形式。应选Bo9、答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Polly是一位温柔优雅的年轻女士，向她学习跳舞是一件令人愉快的事。A. brave 勇敢的；B. dishonest不老实的；C. forgetful健忘的；D. graceful优雅的。根据空前形容词gentle可知，空处 需用graceful,表示温柔优雅的年轻女士。应选D。10、答案：A解析：考查固定短语。句意：保罗总是后悔年轻时在学校没有用功学习。此处表示对做过的事表示遗憾、后悔短语为 regret doing sth.,且表示动作已经先于regret完成，应用regret having done的形式，此处为否认在having前 加note应选Ao11、答案：A解析：考查词义猜想和形容词词义辨析。句意：参观灯塔的原因并不完全是因为怀旧。灯塔所处的地方确实偏僻，然 而在这明媚的夏日里，这个远离尘嚣之处确实有着人人都趋之假设鹫的自然之美。问题：划线短语。ut-of-the- way的意思是什么。A. far-away遥远的；B. dangerous危险的；C. ancient古老的；D. secret秘密的。根据划 线词out-of-the-way的字面意思,结合句中的isolation “孤立；隔绝”可推知，划线词表示“偏远的”。应选 Ao12、答案：D解析:11 考查动词短语辨析。句意：世界上的海洋含有大量的盐。事实上，如果你把海洋中的盐全部去除，你可以用它 来建造一堵约300公里宽、1公里高的墙，环绕地球。A. takeapart拆开、拆卸；B. digout挖出；D.movein 搬进；D. remove , from 从移除。根据 “you can use it to build a wall about 300 km wide and 1 km tall all around the Earth；可知，如果把海洋中的盐全部去除，可以用它来建造一堵约300公里宽、1公里高的 墙，环绕地球。应选D项。13、答案：B解析：考查短语词义辨析。句意：法律要求人人平等，不分种族、宗教或性别。A. nothing more than仅仅；只是；B. regardless of 不管，不顾；C. as much as 差不多，多达；D. not once 一次也不。根据"The law requires equal treatment for all,n可知,不分种族、宗教或性别，法律要求人人平等。应选B。14、答案：C解析：考查时态。句意：你猜怎么着！今晚我们班就要看电影长津湖！这是我的票！根据句意和句中“this evening”可知，句子陈述的是即将发生的事，应用一般将来时，nbe about to do11表示“即将做某事”，“class”表示班级成员，与“are”连用，故空格处应填"are about to see" o应选C项。15、答案：B解析：考查动词虚拟语气。句意：此外，你应该注意餐桌礼仪，这是很重要的。分析可知，vital后that引导的从句要 用虚拟语气,即Mlf s vital that主语+ (should) do”句型,should可以省略，故谓语动词应用动词原形。故 选B项。16、答案：C12解析: 考查连词词义辨析。句意：只有当你真正经历过这份工作时，你才会意识到它有多难。A.unless除非；B.until 直到；Cwhen当时；D.before在之前。根据“you really experience it”可知，此处是指只有当你真正经 历过这份工作时，应用连词when引导时间状语从句。应选C。17、答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：老实说，这是我最不愿意去的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中 缺少宾语，先行词place是地方，因此空格处用关系代词which,应选A。18、答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们带着成为联赛第一的目标出发了。A. set up建立；B. set about着手；C. setout出发；D. set aside Wo结合句意可知，此处是指他们带着成为联赛第一的目标出发去参加比赛。应选C。小提示：19、答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意：约翰确信所有现存的问题都会得到解决，因此感到轻松。be convinced为固 定短语，意为“确信”，句子已有谓语动词felt,第一空需填过去分词convinced作状语；第二空需填形容词 作定语，修饰名词problems,此处修饰的主体是物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。应选A。20、答案：B解析：13 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她惊恐的表情说明她被一些可怕的东西吓坏了。修饰人的表情，反响人的感受， 表“害怕的”，应用-ed结尾的形容词frightened,第一空应填frightened,作定语修饰face ；修饰物,反响该 物自身特点,意为“可怕的,骇人的“，应用-ing结尾的形容词frightening,第三空修饰things,故填 frightening,作定语。第二空，主语为she,动词frighten与she之间为动宾关系，故用被动结构be frightened,此处用过去分词frightened,作表语。应选B项。21、答案：A解析：考查固定句型和时态。句意：尽管有许多巨大的挑战，我宁愿死也不愿放弃。表示“宁愿做也不做”有两 种固定句型：prefer to do A rather than do B ；would rather do A than do Bo 句子为一般过去时，动词 prefer用过去式preferred。应选A项。22、答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边。A. take-over接管；B. lay.aside 把放在一边；C. max.out到达最高极限；D. bring.forth生产，产出。根据"not an urgent matter"可知， 这件事可以暂时放到一边，lay.aside “把放在一边”，符合句意。应选B项。23、答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：大家就座后，班主任开始了会议，并强调了高中生自律的重要性。分析句子可知，第 一空是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构，everyone与sit是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语，与seat 是被动关系，用seated作宾语补足语，故排除D项，句子的谓语动词是began, highlight用非谓语动词形式 作状语，与逻辑主语the head teacher是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，综上，应选B。14小提示：24、答案：B解析：考查固定短语。句意：毕竟，劳动也可以有利于我的身心健康。由“my physical and mental health”可知，句 子表示“劳动也可以有利于我的身心健康”，空格处意为“有利于"，表达为benefit sth.,be of benefit to或 be beneficial to, can是情态动词，其后用动词原形，应选B。25、答案：A解析: 考查固定短语辨析。句意：任何可能的核武器触发都完全是一场规模巨大的灾难。A.nothing less than完全是；不亚于；B.nothing better than 没有比更好；C. nothing more than 不过是；无非是；D.nothing worst than没有比更糟糕。根据句意和常识可知，核武器的触发完全是一场巨大的灾难。应选B。26、答案:consequences#onsequences解析: 考查名词。句意：降低利率可能会对经济产生破坏性的后果。分析句子可知，空处缺少have的宾语，结合语境，降低利率会产生破坏性的后果，c开头的名词为consequence （后果、结果），不止一种后果，用可数名 词复数形式 consequenceso 故填 consequences。27、答案：difference#ifference解析：考查名词。句意：首先，探索太空已经在战胜世界饥饿方面产生影响。根据make a difference（产生影响）可知 空格处是宾语，要用名词，结合首字母和句意填difference。28、答案:convenient#onvenient15解析: 考查形容词。句意：如果你今晚方便的话，能不能帮我做家庭作业。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为 convenient ；设空处前为is,设空处应用形容词作表语；固定句式if it is convenient to you如果你方便的话。 故填 conveniento29、答案:competence#ompetence解析：考查名词。句意：任何公司都愿意雇佣那些有知识和专业能力的人。形容词professional后接名词形式作宾语。 competence能力，为不可数名词。结合首字母提示及句意，故填competence。30、答案:immediately#mmediately解析：考查副词。句意：我将主面板上的启动杆向前推了一英寸，然后又立即向后推。分析可知，then后省略了"pushed the starting lever",故空处应填副词修饰动词pushed ；根据句意和首字母提示可知，副词 immediately “立即”符合题意。故填 immediately。31、答案：Judging#udging解析：考查独立主格。句意：从他最后一跳来看，杰森不太可能从伤病中恢复过来。结合句意和首字母提示，动词 judge “判断”符合题意，judging from ”从来看，根据判断”为独立结构,不用考虑和主句的逻辑关系。 故填 Judging。小提示：32、答案：functions#unctions16 考查名词。句意：他们失去认知功能的速度比那些从事脑力挑战性最低的工作的人要慢得多。空处要用名词作 宾语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，function功能，function是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填functions。33、答案：abandon#bandon解析：考查动词。句意：他下令弃船，因为船正在下沉。根据句意“放弃”和首字母 匕”可知，此处为动词 abandon,结合空前的动词不定式符号to可知，应填动词原形。故填abandon。34、答案：cruelly#ruelly解析：考查副词。句意：这只狗受到了残酷对待，这使我们很伤心。根据单词首字母以及句意“残酷”可知应填副词 cruelly,作状语修饰动词treato故填cruellyo35、答案：rural#ural解析：考查形容词。句意：在接下来的22年里，他一直在一个贫穷的农村地区耕作，直到去世。根据句意、首字母 以及“poor”可知，空处填形容词rural作定语。故填rural。36、答案：extremely#xtremely解析：考查副词。句意：今天非常热，所以人们不得不开着空调睡觉。根据单词首字母以及句意“非常”以及下文形 容词hot,可知应填副词extremely。故填extremely。37、答案:authority#uthority17 考查名词。句意：她是法律方面的权威。根据英语词义和首字母提示可知，应填入可数名词authority作表语, 意为“权威”，结合空格不定冠词an可知，应用单数形式。故填authority。38、答案：account#ccount解析：考查名词。句意：如果您能考虑一下我的建议，我将不胜感激。根据单词首字母以及句意“考虑”可知为短语 take into account,故填 accounto39、答案:universal#niversal解析：考查形容词。句意：音乐是一种通用语言，说不同语言的人都能理解。根据首字母和句意，可知应填形容词 universal,作定语修饰名词 language。故填 universal。40、答案：updating#pdating解析：考查动名词。句意：这些工作人员负责更新数据库。由句意和首字母提示可知，update更新，是动词，此处作 介词for的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填updating。41、答案：barking#arking解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吠狗不咬人。由首字母提示b可知，句子表示“吠狗不咬人”，此处用现在分词 barking,作定语修饰名词dog。故填barking。42、答案：opinion#pinion18 考查名词。句意：在我看来，大多数人通过实践学得最好，而不是坐在教室里阅读。my是形容词性物主代词, 后面接名词作宾语。表示“观点，看法”，用opinion。in one' s opinion是固定短语，意为：在某人看来。在该短语中，opinion没有单复数的变化。故填opinion。43、答案:endangered#ndangered解析：考查形容词。句意：我们必须帮助保护濒危的野生动物，以免为时已晚。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应 填形容词endangered,作定语，修饰wildlife,表示“濒危的”。故填endangered。44、答案：arguments#rguments解析：考查名词。句意：有时青少年和他们的父母在任何事情上都不能面对面，所以激烈的争论和寒冷的沉默是很常 见的。根据句意和首字母提示，应填arguement “争论”，根据句意和下文的silences可推断，此处用复数， 作主语，故填argumentSo小提示：45、答案:sail#ail解析：考查动词。句意：他们打算逆着潮水绕着小岛航行。由"around the little island, against the tide"可知，句子 表示“他们打算逆着潮水绕着小岛航行”，空格处是“航行”，由首字母提示s可知，是sail, be going to do 是固定短语，意为“打算做某事”，因此空格处用原形，故填sail。46、答案：One possible version:Dear Tom,How is everything going with you? am now going all out for the final Examination yet to come in early June.199、 It was a pleasure to learn to dance from Polly, who was a gentle and young lady.A . braveB . dishonestC . forgetfulD . gracefulPaul has always regretted harder at school when he was young.A . not having studiedB . not being studiedC . not studyingD . not to study11、The reasons for a visit to lighthouse are not all so backward-looking （思想过时的）in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-ths-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.Q: The underlined phrase “out-of-the-way" probably means.A . far-awayB . dangerousC . ancientD . secretThe world's oceans contain huge amounts of salt. In fact, if you all the salt theoceans, you can use it to build a wall about 300 km wide and 1 km tall all around the Earth.A . take; apartB . dig; outC . move; inD . remove; from13、The law requires equal treatment for all,race, religion or sex.A . nothing more thanB . regardless ofC . as much asD . not once14、Guess what! Our class the film The Battle at Lake Changjin this evening! Here is my ticket!A . have seenB . would seeC . are about to seeD . are seeing15、 Besides, if s vital that you your table manners.A . mindedB . mindC . to mindD . minds16、You can only realize how hard this job is you really experience it.A . unlessB . untilC . whenD . before17、To be honest, this is the last place I want to visit.But I am also thinking about how to spend the post-Gaokao time. Well, first, I will help with some housework and neighbourhood voluntary work if any. As for the new life ahead, getting familiar with my majors should be the biggest part of my plan so that I can adjust myself to the new academic requirements. I will pursue two new hobbies and travelling included. In short, I will get ready both mentally and physically before college life begins.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于一篇应用文。要求学生代替李华给英国朋友写信，向他介绍你高考录取后至上大学期间这段 时间的安排。词汇积累：考虑：think about-consider/think over关于, 至于：as for-in regard to/with respect to适应:adjust oneself to->adapt oneself to/acclimatize oneself to总、之：in shortin a word/in brief句式拓展：同义句转换原句：I will pursue two new hobbies and travelling included.拓展句：I will pursue two new hobbies, including travelling.20小提示： 高分句型1But I am also thinking about how to spend the post-Gaokao time.（使用了疑问词+to do 作宾语。）高分句型2As for the new life ahead, getting familiar with my majors should be the biggest part of my plan so that I can adjust myself to the new academic requirements.（使用了 so that 弓I导结果状语从句。）47、答案：Dear Sir/Madam,r m Li Hua, an exchange student from China. Having learnt that a taste of local culture will be held by our school in the near future, T m writing to apply for a chance to join in it and ask for some details.First, I want to know when we will set out and where to get together, in case I might be late. Besides, would you please tell me the route that we will take. I have heard that there are many places of interest in New Zealand. So I want to enjoy as many as possible. What' s the most important is the fact whether I should take some food and drink.I will appreciate it if I will be given the chance. Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校当地的文化体验活动负责人写一封询问信，咨询相关事宜并申请参 加。21词汇积累了解:learnknow机会:chanceopportunity力口入：join inf ake part in出发：set out-set off句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：r m Li Hua, an exchange student from China.拓展句：I' m Li Hua, who is an exchange student from China.小提示：【高分句型 1 Having learnt that a taste of local culture will be held by our school in the near future, T m writing to apply for a chance to join in it and ask for some details.（由 that 引导的宾语从句）【高分句型 2 First, I want to know when we will set out and where to get together, in case I might be late.（由 when弓|导的宾语从句和in case弓I导的目的状语从句）【高分句型 3 Besides, would you please tell me the route that we will take.（由 that 引导的定语从句）【高分句型 4 I have heard that there are many places of interest in New Zealand.（由 that 引导的宾语从句）【高分句型 5 Whaf s the most important is the fact whether I should take some food and drink.（由 what 弓 I 导的主语从句和whether引导的同位语从句）【高分句型 6 I will appreciate it if I will be given the chance.（由 if 弓I导的条件状语从句）48、答案：Dear Tom,22I write to inform you about the schooL s class schedule adjustment during the coming National Day Holiday.The holiday begins on 1st October and ends on 7th October, but you will work on the following Sunday.Therefore, there' s a new class schedule for you, which has been attached to this e-mail. Please remember to read the attached file and make sure you know about the new class arrangement in advance. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Wish you a happy holiday.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Tom写封信，告知“十一”放假时间，并提醒他查看新课表。词汇积累告知：inform-tell开始：beginstart因此:thereforehence提前:in advance-ahead of schedule句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I write to inform you about the schooT s class schedule adjustment during the coming National Day Holiday.拓展句：I write to inform you that the schooL s class schedule will be adjusted during the coming National Day23Holiday.小提示：高分句型 1 Therefore, there' s a new class schedule for you, which has been attached to this e-mail.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 Please remember to read the attached file and make sure you know about the new class arrangement in advance.that 引导的宾语从句,省略了 that）49、答案：Dear William,Have you watched the Beijing Winter Olympic Games recently? I' m writing to share with you something exciting.I was amazed at a lot of exciting moments, among which a freestyle skiing player1 s perfect skills and quick mind left the deepest impression on me. She was weaving through the snow with ease when suddenly she almost lost control. But in the blink of an eye, she stopped her skid and rocketed through the rest of her run.Seeing this, I couldn5 t help wondering how she had been going to great lengths to give such a fantastic performance.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友William写信提供自己印象最深刻的北京冬奥会精彩瞬间。词汇积累24令人兴奋的：excitingthrilling完美的，优秀的：perfectexcellent转眼间：in the blink of an eyein a flash表演：performanceshow句型拓展变强调句原句：But in the blink of an eye, she stopped her skid and rocketed through the rest of her run.拓展句：But it was in the blink of an eye that she stopped her skid and rocketed through the rest of her run.小提示：高分句型 ll was amazed at a lot of exciting moments, among which a freestyle skiing player1 s perfect skills and quick mind left the deepest impression on me.（运用了 which 引导非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2Seeing this, I couldn' t help wondering how she had been going to great lengths to give such a fantastic performance.（运用了 how 引导宾语从句）50、答案：Dear Jim,I1 m Li Hua, a students of yours. I'm writing to inform you that an activity named Reader's Theater will be held in the lecture hall next Friday and we would like to invite you to be one of the judges of the activity.The