2019-2020年高二上学期开学考试英语试题含解析.docx

2019-2020年高二上学期开学考试英语试题含解析I.词汇知识1. He is not the kind of person that in the comedy. In life, he is seriousand conserved （保守的）.A. expressesB. is expressedC. representsD. is represented答案与解析D句意：他并不是喜剧中所描写的那样的人，生活中他严肃而且保守。 express ”表达;表示“ represent “描绘"。关系词that引导定语从句，先行词与represent 构成被动关系，故D项正确。2. He was afraid of failure because he didn* t want to in front of hiscolleagues.A. save faceB. lose faceC. make a faceD. face up答案与解析B句意：他害怕失败，因为他不想在同事面前丢面子。lose face “丢面 子”，符合句意。save one's face "挽回面子" ；make a face "做鬼脸" ：face up to ”勇 敢地面对”。3. Students are always asked what they majored university ina job interview.A. at; /B. in; /C. in; atD. at; in答案与解析C本句空格处使用到两个介词，一个是major in "主修”，宾语是 前面的what；另一个是at和university构成词组，表示“在大学里”。4. Young Americans who don't go to university get jobs which bring lowincome.A. are likely toB. are possible toC. were able toD. liked to答案与解析A句意：没有上大学的美国年轻人可能做一些低收入的工作。likely可 用于sb./sth. is likely to do,而possible不能。C项时态不对；D项表示“喜欢”。5. Don* t be too about things you are not supposed to know.A. strangeB. amusingC. curiousD. conscious答案与解析C句意：不要对不应当知道的事情太好奇。curious “好奇的”； strange "奇怪的"；amusing "高兴的"；conscious "意识到的；知道的”。6. Though she has been in England for half a year, she is still unable toin simple English.A. explain herselfB. express herselfC. speak her mindD. make herself understand答案与解析B express oneself "表达自己”。在这里指无法用英语表达。speak one's mind ”读懂某人的想法”。D项假设为make herself understood也对。7. , a learned man makes fewer mistakes in life than a man without knowledge.A. In generalB. As generalC. On generalD. At general答案与解析A in general “一般来说”。这个意义符合句子意思，其他搭配不对。8. The thief turned his to the policeman in order not to be recognized.A. headB. faceC. backD. hand答案与解析C句意：那个小偷背对着警察，以免被认出来。turn one's back to “背 对；背弃”，是固定短语。9. Before graduation, we had got a lot of practical by doing a part-timejob in the factory and it was really for all of us.A. experiences; great experienceB. experience; great experienceC. experiences; a great experienceD. experience; a great experience答案与解析D experience作“经验”解时为不可数名词，没有复数形式，也不能与 不定冠词连用；experience作“经历”解时是指亲身见过的，做过的或遭受过的事，为可数 名词，有复数形式，亦可与不定冠词连用。10. We must know what we should do and what we should avoid a good impression on others in public place.A. to leaveB. leavingC. to have leftD. leave答案与解析A句意：我们必须知道在公共场合应当做什么、应当防止什么，以给别 人留下一个好印象。avoid的宾语是what,空格处是目的状语，所以要用不定式。II.语法知识（非谓语动词）11. abstract, Galileo* s theory was quite difficult to understand ofhis time.A. Soundinghis time.A. SoundingB. SoundedC. To soundD. Having been sounded答案与解析A句意：因为听起来很抽象，所以伽利略的理论在他那个时代是非常难 懂的。the theory与表示感官的动词sound是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。12. enough money, Jim was unable to buy his girlfriend expensive jewellery.A. Not to saveB. Not savingC. Not savedD. Not having saved答案与解析D考查非谓语动词。句意：因为没有攒够足够的钱，吉姆不能给他女朋 友买昂贵的珠宝。根据句意，save与其逻辑主语Jim之间是主谓关系且这个动作发生在was unable to buy之前，故用现在分词的完成式。13. herself to listening to music, the girl cared little about any other things.A. DevotingB. DevotedC. Having devotedD. To devote答案与解析A考查非谓语动词。句意：沉浸在音乐中，这个女孩很少关心其他事情。 devote oneself to ”致力于；献身于；专心于"；本句也可以用be devoted to表达。应选 A项。14. his crazy behaviour, the killer quietly waited for the police instead of running away.A. To finishB. Have finishedC. Having finishedD. To have finished答案与解析C考查非谓语动词。句意：结束了他的疯狂行为之后，那个杀手没有逃 跑而是平静地等着警察到来。此处非谓语动词表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，又 因该动作先于谓语动词表示的动作发生，故使用现在分词的完成式。15. A primary school in south Germany encourages pupils to chew gum in class, that it helps the children concentrate and deal with stress.A. having saidB. saysC. to sayD. saying答案与解析D考查非谓语动词。本空动词say与谓语动词之间没有连词连接，因此 用非谓语动词形式，这里动词say与句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词一般式进行 补充说明。句意：德国南部一所小学鼓励学生上课时嚼口香糖，说这能帮助学生集中注意力， 应对压力。m.完形填空Although I love my life, it hasn't been a lot of fun as I've been ill for 28 years.Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my 16 was more manageable, I 17 ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs. that was years ago and times have changed.Ilive with my mother on a country farm.Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to 20 my disability pension （残疾抚恤金）.I needed to sleep in afternoons, I was limited in my 22. I decided that I would consider 23 to singing in restaurants.My family are all musicians, so I was 24 when I went into our local music store. I explained that I wanted to sing again but using recorded karaoke music. I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn't have a lot of 25 to get started. And 26 you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can 27 use.When I told the owner of the shop about my 28, he gave me a long, thoughtful 29 . “This means a lot to you, doesn't it? ” he said. "Come with me. nHe led me 30 the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand _3L on his treasure and said, “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your 32 and V 11 record them for you. That should get you started.”I 33. Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose 34 that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help.His 35 still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when I have the chance.16. A. loneliness B. sadness C. tiredness D. sicknessD. shared17. A. set B. enjoyed C. kept18. A. Gladly B. EventuallyC. Unfortunately D. Surprisingly19. A. Now B. Then C. Sometime D. Meanwhile20. A. add up to B. make up for C. get rid of D. take advantage of21. A. If B. As C. Though D. Before22. A. movement B. condition C. choices D. positions23. A. reaching out B. living up C. getting on D. going back24. A. recognized B. interviewed C. found D. invited25. A. money B. time C. energy D. knowledge26. A. thus B. once C. seldom D. often27. A. actually B. hardly C. nearly D. formerly28. A. job B. family C. idea D. offer29. A. faceB. view C. look D. sight30. A. over B. along C. towards D. through31. A.unhappilyB.lovingly C.pitifullyD.gratefully32. A.pick B. turnC. role D.step33. A.had to cryB.ought to cry C. should havecriedD.could have cried34. A.more B.theones C. fewD. the rest35. A. courage B. devotion C. kindness D. trust答案与解析16. D从上文“I've been ill”可知，我得病了。此处表示在我20来岁，我的病 (sickness)还是可控制的时候，选D项。17. B从语境可知，我10年来都在餐馆担任专业歌手，给人们唱民歌，所以用enjoyed 表示“我一直很享受这种工作”。18. C由下文的“times have changed”可知，这里表示转折，故用unfortunately 表示“不幸的是”。19. A从上下文可知，我过去在疾病可控制时是歌手，但那已经是很久以前的事了， 而现在(now)我跟我母亲生活在乡村农场，答案选A项。20. B语境表示“我该干点儿活来弥补(make up for)我的残疾抚恤金”。add up to “增 添；增加”；get rid of “摆脱”；take advantage of “利用”，都不符合语境。21. B从上下文语境可知，这里表示“原因”，故用as “因为，由于"。22. C从语境可知，因为我下午要睡觉，所以我的选择有限，故用choices,这里“我 对工作的选择”。23. D从上文语境可知，我考虑要像原来一样回到餐馆唱歌，由此可知应选going back “回去”，其他都不符合语境。24. A因为我的家人都是音乐家，所以当我走进一家当地的音乐店的时候，我被认出(recognized)来了。25. A从上文的"discs were very expensivew可推知，我没有太多的钱(money)重 新开始。26. D根据语境和常识可知，常常(often)你会发现一张唱片上的十首歌曲中实际上 (actually)只有三到四首能用。所以这里用often表示这种情况经常发生。27. A参见26题解析。hardly "几乎不" ；nearly "差不多"；formerly "从前”。28. C我把自己的想法(idea)告诉了老板，老板假设有所思地看了我很长时间。29. C参见28题解析。give sb. a look "看了某人一眼”。30. D此处表示他领着我穿过拥挤的商店，所以用介词through。31. B从上下文语境可知，他对这些唱片很钟爱，所以用lovingly。32. A从语境可知，老板让我自己挑，take one'spick “随某人挑选”，其他都不符 合语境。33. D我很感动，可能我当时早己泪流满面，故用could have cried "当时可能己经 哭了”。34. B从上下文可知，我跟他约好，挑选那些我会唱的歌曲，故这里用the ones表示 “我会唱的那些歌曲”，答案选B项。35. C从上下文可知，老板的善举一直温暖着我的心，故用kindness。IV.阅读理解Who hasn't found themselves reaching for the closest food available when they' re tired and stressed? More and more research is proving that this isn't all in our mind. Some foods really do lead to a change in our moods （心情）.Carbohydrate （碳水化合物）for calmThis is how some people medicate themselves with food - by reaching for cookies or pasta （意大利面食）whenever they, re upset. Unfortunately, it doesn* t always work. You must eat a meal consisting of 100% carbohydrate, on an empty stomach, to obtain the serotonin （血清素）increase so that you have a good mood.To get the wished-for effect, you must not eat anything for four hours and then eat at least 30 grams of straight carbohydrate. Dry cereal （谷类食品），a piece of bread with jam, or a potato should do the trick.Protein （蛋白质）for powerOf course, sometimes we don't need to be calm and sleepy. Sometimes we need a great deal of mental concentration, so this is when it* s important to mix protein and carbohydrate. The protein will prevent the tryptophan （色氨酸）from flooding your brain, and the rise in serotonin won' t occur.Why dessert makes us happyFat and sugar cause the brain to let go endorphins （内啡肽），which send pleasure signals throughout the body. This would be fine, except humans are not particularly good at stopping at one cookie or cake.You can also satisfy your sweet tooth by choosing fruit for dessert.Timing your meals for energyBlood sugar drops after four hours of going without food, causing a decrease in energy. Eating usually fixes this within 20 to 30 minutes, but don't suppose that eating more will cause a faster increase in energy.When you eat has as much of an effect on your mood as what you eat. If you regularly go for a long period of time between meals, rethink your schedule and plan ahead.36. The underlined phrase in the third paragraph means .A. be extremely smartB. intend to cheat someoneC. bring about the desired resultD. do something to amuse people答案与解析 C 猜想词义题。此处与本段开头局部的“To get the wished-for effect"相呼应，由此可推断其意思是“到达预期效果”。37. The function of protein is .A. to help you keep calm and sleepyB. to make you feel energeticC. to lead you to slownessD. to increase serotonin in your brain答案与解析B细节理解题。根据第二个标题中的内容可知蛋白质的功能是让你精力 充分。38. We can infer from the last two parts that .A. fat and sugar can greatly help people feel happyB. we humans tend to eat lots of cookies and cakesC. the more we eat, the faster we will gain energyD. what we eat is more important than when we eat答案与解析A推理判断题。根据第三个标题第一句中的内容可知脂肪和糖能极大地 帮助人们感觉高兴。39. The main idea of the passage is .A. eating for a better moodB. eating to make you calmC. eating for more proteinD. eating to make us strong答案与解析A主旨大意题。第一段的最后一句是本文的中心句，根据本句的内容可 知最正确标题是“吃出好心情”。