【高考模拟】湖南省永州市高三二模英语试题答案与祥细解析.docx

2021届湖南省永州市高三二模英语试题一、阅读选择OUR GUIDE TO GRIFFITH PARK“You can see just about all of Los Angeles from Griffith Park,“ Mike Eberts wrote 24 years ago in his centennial (百年名己念)history of the park covering 4,300 acres.Places RecommendedThe Greek Theatre: From April to October you can catch a concert here if you prefer something more intimate than the Hollywood Bowl. Griffith himself oversaw the building of the outdoor theater that opened in 1930.Griffith Observatory: It's said that more people have explored the stars through the observatory solar telescope than anywhere else on Earth. This landmark, which opened m 1935, offers great views of the heavens and the Hollywood sign.Besides the Greek Theatre and the Griffith Observatory, the park's best-known attractions, there arc camps for boys and girls, open lawns (草坪)and a lone mountain lion.Safety MeasuresSocial distancing: Like everywhere in L.A. County, all visitors are required to wear face coverings and stay at least six feet from others.Stay found: It easy to lose your way in a place as big as Griffith Park. So use a map to plan your route. Then drop pins along your electronic course or use a GPS app such as Gaia to stay on track.Suggestions for a Tight ScheduleIf you have just one day to explore the green heart of L.A., Schreiner suggests this itinerary (行程) Many of these sites are closed for now. To save time, go car-free and instead use ride shares, DASH shuttles, Metro trains and the new shuttle.(1) Which activity can you do in Griffith Observatory?A.Observing stars.B.Seeing mountain lions.C.Attending concerts.D.Watching Hollywood films.(2) What is a must for keeping safe in the Griffith Park?A.A telescope.B.A face covering.C.A GPS app.D.A pin.(3) How are visitors with limited time advised to travel?A.Driving private cars.B.Travelling on foot.C.Riding bicycles.D.Using public transport.1. A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you burn 2,500 calories per day but only eat 2,000, you have created a deficit of 500 calories per day. There is mathematical certainty. But, this by no means tells the whole story about how calories【解答】(1) A 细节理解题。根据第一段中 A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work?“卡路里缺乏是指你燃烧的卡路里多于你摄入的卡路里。作为最流行的减 肥方法之一，它是如何起作用的呢？”可知，卡路里缺乏可以帮助人们减肥。(2) B 细节理解题。根据第二段中 In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories. This means, even before we perform any activity, our bodies are already using energy (measured in calories) to keep us alive.可知，人们需要燃烧卡路里才能活着。(3) D 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin, it may have negative effects on the body.及第三段可知，如果个人摄 入的热量远远低于看起来苗条所需的热量，可能会对身体产生负面影响。当人们提到 卡路里缺乏时，他们通常只是指出，卡路里的计算是无可辩驳的。这里的问题是并不 是所有的卡路里都是一样的。如果你吃了几袋薯片所含的热量来支持你维持体重或减 少体重所需要的热量摄入，它会起作用的。但是，它对你的身体和整体健康的影响并 不像含有相同热量的均衡营养餐那样大。可推知，健康减肥的建议是含有适当热量的 均衡营养饮食。(4) A主旨大意题。通读全文并根据第一段中A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume.可知，本文主要介绍了什么是卡路里缺乏，以及它 的影响，并给利用卡路里缺乏来减肥的人提出建议。A项“卡路里缺乏的影响。”符合 题意。2.【答案】BADD【考点】科普知识 说明文阅读观点态度段落大意说明文写作说明文七选五推理判断说明文短文改错科教类阅读说明文语法填空【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A study by Michael Kraus, a social psychologist at Yale University, suggests that people are betterable to pick up on the emotions of others when simply focusing on their voice, compared with both watching and listening tothem, or just watching them.(耶鲁大学社会心理学家迈克尔克劳斯的一项研究说明，试卷第10页，总17页与观看和倾听他人，或仅仅观看他人相比,人们如果仅仅关注他人的声音，就能更好地了解他人的情绪。）”可知，仅仅听别人 的声音，更能了解他人的情绪。应选B项。（2）主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The results revealed that participants were better able to accurately estimate their partner'sfeelings when the lights were off. "（结果显示，参与者在关灯时能更好地准确估计他们 伴侣的感受。）“及本段内容可知，第二段做的实验主要是检测光对感知情绪的影响。应选A项。（3）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“But he noted that the findings were based an experimental situations that might not reflect"real life1' interactions.（但他也指出，这些发现是基于实验情境，可能并不能反映“现 实生活”的互动。）”可推断，RayWilkinson对这项研究持怀疑态度。应选D项。（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As verbal and facial cues （暗示）might offer a different message, which thus leads to a differentemotion, the so-called "true" emotion can be part of what we are wanting to convey.（由于 语言和面部线索可能提供不同的信息,从而导致不同的情绪，所谓的“真实”情绪可能是我们想要传达的内容的一局部。）” 可推断，真实的情感可能不会被彻底地反映出来。应选D项。【解答】此题暂无解答3.【答案】BCCA【考点】议论文阅读细节理解科教类阅读推理判断词义猜想标题归纳【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】（1） B 细节理解题。根据第一段中 There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie "The Terminator".可知, 作者在第一段提到终结者，是为了介绍对人工智能平安的关注。（2） C 推理判断题。根据第四段中 A famous example is the invention of sonic radars（声波雷达）that were supposed to help ships detect nearby obstacles, but which only increased the rate of accidents. Why? Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.可推知，船长们太过依赖声波雷达，所以航行 得很快，船舶事故的发生率也就增加了。（3） C 词义猜想题。根据第五段中 Additionally, Leveson suggests, among many complicated guidelines, organizations should be aware that safety guidelines will inevitably become lax over time. As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.“此外，Leveson建议，在许多复杂的指南中，组织应该意识到，随着时间的 推移，平安指南将不可防止地变得 o因此，应该采取措施来预防潜在的灾害。”可推知，随着时间的推移，平安指南会变得不再可靠，因此应采取措施来预防潜在的 灾害。划线词lax意为“不可靠的”与Unreliable词义相近。（4） A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了对人工智能平安的关注，以及人 工智能平安对我们的影响，对此我们应该做些什么，并从中汲取什么教训。A项“人工 智能的防灾经验教训为本文的最正确标题。二、七选五【答案】G,F,E,A,C【考点】 说明文七选五【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】(1) G 根据上句 A CV is one of the most important parts of your application to an overseas university.“简历是你申请海外大学最重要的局部之一。”及下句Here are some useful tips that could help you make a competitive CV before the interview."以下是一些有用的建议， 可以帮助你在面试前制作一份有竞争力的简历。”可知，空处与简历及面试相关，强调 简历的重要性。G项：用一份完美的简历给招生官留下深刻印象是成功的通行证。承 上启下，符合语境。(2) F 根据本段主旨句 Keep it brief,及上句 Remember to keep them brief, using key points to highlight your strengths and commitment.可知，本段主要讲述简历要尽量简短， 空处应与简历保持简短相关。F项：最基本的原那么是将简历的长度控制在一到两页之 内。承接上文，符合语境。(3) E根据本段主旨句Emphasize your educational experience.“强调你的教育经历。”及 上句 List all academic programs or overseas exchange programs you have participated in."歹lj 出你参加过的所有学术工程或海外交流工程。”可知，空处应说明列举出这些工程后应 做些什么。E项：然后具体写出你从这些工程学到了什么。承接上文，符合语境。(4) A 根据下句 To show your excellence, the following aspects could make you stand out from other applicants."为了展示你的优秀，以下几点可以让你在众多申请者中脱颖而 出。”可知，本段主要说明了在简历中要突出个人优势以及如何突出个人优势。A项： 突出你的个人优势。符合语境，为本段的主旨句。(5) C 根据上两句 Meet all the formal requirements. You are supposed to create a CV that is properly organized and easy to read.“满足所有的形式要求。你的简历应该条理清晰， 易于阅读。”及下句 They often provide their specific recommendations, or the template.”他 们通常会提供自己的具体建议或模板。”可知，空处与简历如何满足形式要求相关。C 项：最好查看你的目标大学的网站。承上启下，符合语境。三、完形填空【答案】A试卷第12页，总17页cABDACDBBABCCD【考点】议论文写作议论文七选五议论文阅读教育文化类阅读议论文短文改错夹叙夹议文完形议论文语法填空社会文化【解析】(1)考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近街上的女人都对我说我很勇敢。A.brave勇敢 的；B. fashionable 时髦的；C. energetic 精力充分的；D. excited 激动的。根据“My act of courage isnt muchI just stopped (2) my hair.”可知，因为作者不再染发，所以大街上的女人说他很勇敢。应选A.(2)考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的勇气之举并不多我只是不再染发了。A.cutting 剪；B. brushing 刷;C. coloring 上色；D.combing梳。根据”So, I started dyeing (染色)it.”可知，作者不再染发。应选C.(3)考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样做既昂贵又费时。A. expensive昂贵的；B.simple简单的；C. shiny发光的；D. attractive有吸引力的。 根据“But our hair starts to turn gray, and suddenly we start spending $500 or more ayear to (6) something.”可知,染发价格昂贵且费时。应选A.(4)考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的头发长得很快，所以我需要每五个星期回一次发廊。A. remained 保持；B. grew 成长；C. fellout 脱落；D. dried out 干透。根据“so I needed to go back to the hair salon every five weeks. ”可知，作者的头发长得很快。应选B.(5)考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人似乎喜欢尽可能长时间地保持年轻。A.past过 去；B. power 力量；C. strength 力气；D.youth 青春， 年轻。 根据"But our hair starts to turn gray, and suddenly we start spending $500 or more a year to (6) something.何知，染发的目的是为了让自己保持年轻。应选D.(6)考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们的头发开始变白，突然我们开始每年花500美 元或更多的钱来掩盖一些东西。A. cover掩盖;B. create 创造；C. imagine 想象；D. describe 描绘。根据"and suddenly we start spending $500 or more a year”可知，花钱染 发的目的是为了掩盖自己变老。应选A.(7)考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是希望更多的人能觉得做自己是可以的，因为变 白对我来说比节省我的时间和金钱更有意义。A.keeping 保存；B. offering 提供；C. saving 节省；D. leaving 离开。根据"1 just wish more of us would feel that it was OK to beourselves“可知，变白对作者来说比节省自己的时间和金钱更有意义。应选C.(8)考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢自然的头发，就像它现在的样子。A.common普通的；B. strange奇怪的；C. clean干净的;D. natural自然的。根据“just as it is.”可知，作者喜欢自然的头发。应选D.(9)考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这并不美好，但它提醒着我，我不再是一个孩子 了这并不是一件坏事。A. persuades劝服;B. reminds 提醒；C. comforts 抚慰；D. forces 强迫。根据Tm not a kid anymore”可知, 白发提醒作者不再是个孩子。应选B.(10)考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以变老没什么丢人的。A. doubtful可疑的；B. shameful 可耻的；C. harmful 有害的；D. pitiful 慈悲的。根据“and this isn't a bad thing.”可知，作者认为变老并不可耻。应选B.(11)考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在镜子里看到自己的头发时，它提醒我，我的 时间不是无限的，我应该把它花在重要的事情上o A. mirror 镜子；B. document 文件；C. book 书；D. diary 日记。根据"When I see my hair”可知，这里指作者在镜子里看到自己的头发。应选A.(12)考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在镜子里看到自己的头发时，它提醒我，我的 时间不是无限的，我应该把它花在重要的事情上o A. exists 存在；B. matters 重要；C. works 工作；D. means 意味。根据"it's a reminder that my time is not infinite,"可知，作者意 识到要把有限的时间花在重要的事情上。应选B.(13)考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把我的白发看作是一种小小的对抗行为，反对 人们随着年龄增长而失去价值，而不是获得价值的观念。A. free自由的；B. sincere真诚的；C.little小的；D. casual非正式的。根据 "that people lose value as they age, instead ofgaining it."可知，作者把自己的白发看作是一种小小的对抗行为。应选C.(14)考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把白发视为我的“旗帜”我自豪地让它飘扬。A. symbol 象征；B. memory 记忆；C. flag 旗帜；D.hairstyle发型。根据“and Pm letting it fly可知，作者把自己的白发视为自己的“旗帜”。 应选C.(15)考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把白发视为我的“旗帜”我自豪地让它飘扬。A. ambitiously 雄心勃勃地；B. aggressively 侵略地试卷第14页，总17页；C. silently 沉默地；D. proudly 自豪地。根据"I see gray hair as my n (14) ”一 and I'm letting it fly. ”可知，作者对自己的白 发感到自豪。应选D.【解答】此题暂无解答四、用单词的适当形式完成短文【答案】(1) brought, (2) has became, (3) which, (4) automatically, (5) amazement, (6) as, (7) a, (8) areas, (9) adding, (10) but【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】(1) brought考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，本句句子成分完整，空处为非谓语。 根据动词bring与其逻辑主语the sample之间为被动关系可知，空处为过去分词brought 作后置定语。(2) has become考查现在完成时。句意：嫦娥五号成功返回，成为自1976年以来首 个月球采样返回航天器。根据句意及时间状语since 1976可知，表示过去发生的动作 对现在造成的结果，句子时态为现在完成时，基本结构为：have/has+过去分词。主语 为Chang'e,助动词为has。空处为has become。(3) which考查关系代词。分析句子可知，本句为含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。 先行词为The sample,空处指代先行词在从句中作主语引导非限制性定语从句，指物, 应用关系代词whicho(4) automatically考查副词。根据空前情态动词can以及空后动词combine可知，空 处为副词automatically“自动地作状语修饰动词combineo(5) amazement考查名词。分析句子可知，that引导宾语从句，根据空前形容词 greatest及空后介词of可知，空处为不可数名词amazement"惊异，惊奇”在从句中作主 语。(6) as考查介词。根据空后the Ocean of Storms “风暴洋”可知，此处为固定搭配：be referred to as“被称作空处为介词aso(7) a考查不定冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指一次探索，空处应用不定冠词。 根据空后名词visit以辅音音素开头可知，空处为不定冠词ao(8) areas考查名词的数。句意：它在地质上比美国和前苏联任务的取样区域更年轻, 所以新样本将有助于填补月球历史之谜的一个重要局部。根据空后of the US and the former Soviet missions可知，此处表示美国和前苏联任务的取样区，空处为可数名词复 数 areas。(9) adding考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，本句句子成分完整，空处为非谓语。 根据动词add与其逻辑主语the administration之间为主动关系可知，空处为现在分词 adding o(10) but 考查连词。根据前半句 it will not merely publish guidelines on the sample's distribution and use”不仅会公布样本分布和使用的指导方针”及后半句will also encourage scientists from around the world to participate"将鼓励世界各地的科学家参与”可 知，此处为固定搭配:not merelybut also”不仅而且空处为连词but。五、提纲类作文【答案】Last Sunday, our school held an activity with the theme of "Sports make me happy", which aimed to enhance our awareness of fitness.All the students and teachers gathered on the playground at 8:00 a.m. After the opening ceremony, all kinds of events started one after another. The playground was alive with excitement. Then a special competition between students and teachers brought the activity to a climax. After it, the teachers-students relationship has been strengthened, so has the awareness of sportsmanship.I'm convinced that the activity will surely prepare ourselves for the future both mentally and physically.【考点】应用文写作 提纲类【解析】 此题暂无解析【解答】Last Sunday, our school held an activity with the theme of "Sports make me happy", which aimed to enhance our awareness of fitness.All the students and teachers gathered on the playground at 8:00 a.m. After the opening ceremony, all kinds of events started one after another. The playground was alive with excitement. Then a special competition between students and teachers brought the activity to a climax. After it, the teachers-students relationship has been strengthened, so has the awareness of sportsmanship.I'm convinced that the activity will surely prepare ourselves for the future both mentally and physically.六、读后续写【答案】Paragraph 1:Fliss immediately took the purse to the local police station with Molly. When they arrived, Fliss tied Molly to a fireplug outside and went in herself. She handed the purse to a police officer and explained everything. Greatly touched, he shook her hand and thanked her for doing her duty, promising that he would do his best to find the owner. Fliss felt reassured and went back with Molly. The next day, a journalist called to make an appointment for an interview.Paragraph 2:When the journalist came, they two were on the beach. The journalist was surprised to find that Molly was picking up litter, following her master. Fliss told the journalist it was on the way to collecting litter that Molly had found the purse. Hearing this, Molly stopped, wagging her tail as if she understood the whole situation. Having learned about the whole story, the journalist got to know what they did to protect the local beach. Surprised and impressed, the journalist took some pictures. The next day they were on the front page of the newspaper. A minor action could make wonders!【考点】试卷第16页，总17页读后续写【解析】 此题暂无解析【解答】Paragraph 1:Fliss immediately took the purse to the local police station with Molly. When they arrived, Fliss tied Molly to a fireplug outside and went in herself. She handed the purse to a police officer and explained everything. Greatly touched, he shook her hand and thanked her for doing her duty, promising that he would do his best to find the owner. Fliss felt reassured and went back with Molly. The next day, a journalist called to make an appointment for an interview.Paragraph 2:When the journalist came, they two were on the beach. The journalist was surprised to find that Molly was picking up litter, following her master. Fliss told the journalist it was on the way to collecting litter that Molly had found the purse. Hearing this, Molly stopped, wagging her tail as if she understood the whole situation. Having learned about the whole story, the journalist got to know what they did to protect the local beach. Surprised and impressed, the journalist took some pictures. The next day they were on the front page of the newspaper. A minor action could make wonders!deficit affects our lives.Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, it's probably best to learn what a calorie is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our body's energy expenditure (消耗)and storage. In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories. This means, even before we perform any activity, our bodies are already using energy (measured in calories) to keep us alive. Aro