新高考英语一轮总复习提能练（十七）必修4UNIT2WORKINGTHELAND.docx

高考提能练（十七）必修4Unit2WorkingthelandI .阅读理解A（2020太原市高三年级模拟试题一） TheChineseDoctorWhoBeatthePlague（鼠疫）Inthewinterofl910,Dr.WuLien-tehsteppedoffatraininthenorthernChinesecityofHarbin.Hewastheretosolveamedicalmystery,atgreatpersonalrisk.Overthepastfewmonths,anunknowndiseasehadsweptalongtherailwaysofnortheastChina,killing99.9%ofitsvictims.TheQingImperialCourthadsenttheCambridge-educatedDr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic（流行病）. WhenDr.WuarrivedinHarbinonDecember24，1910，hecarriedlittleinthewayofmedicalinstrumentsandhadonlyoneassistant.OneofWufirstactsuponarriv alwastosetupspecialquarantine（隔离）unitsandtoorderlockdownstostopinfectedpersonsfromtravelingandspreadingthedisease.Hehadteams checkhouseholdsforpossiblecases，andevenmanagedtoconvinceauthoritiestocompletelyclosetherailwaysintheearlyweeksofl911 .Ofpar ticularconcernwastheupcomingChineseNew Yearholiday，whichhadbecomeagreatannualmigrationofpeopletravelingacrossthecountrytoseetheirfamilies.ThankstoDr.Wu'sefforts, thenumberofplaguevictimsbegantodecrease, andbyMarchl, 1911, theepidemicwasfullycontained.Theplagueoutbreakofl 910 - 1911 lastednearlyfourmonths , affectedfiveprovincesandsixmajorcities，andaccountedforover60，OOOdeaths.ItisclearthatwithoutthebraveanddecisiveactionstakenbyDr.Wuitcouldhavebeenmuchwor se.Hadtheepidemicgoneunchecked，allowingholidayrailpassengerstospreadthediseasetotherestofChinacouldhavemeantacatastrophiclos soflifeandpossiblyaglobalhealthcrisis. InAprill911 , Dr.WuchairedanlnternationalPlagueConferenceinShenyang ， attendedbyscientistsfromllcountriesincludingtheUnitedStates，JapanandFrance.TheypraisedDr.Wuforhishandlingofthe 191011911 outbreak.Foratime ,Dr.Wuwastheworldmostfamousplaguefighter, atitlehedefendedinfightingcholerainChinain 1919, andaruturnofplaguein 1921.语篇解读1910年的冬天一种死亡率极高的流行病席卷中国东北，在剑桥受过教育的伍 连德医生被派去阻止这种流行病，他到达目的地后，采取了诸如设立专门的隔离病区、对感 染者实行活动限制之类的有效措施，由于伍连德医生的努力，鼠疫最终被完全控制。1. WhatwasDr.Wumissionin 1910?A Totakepersonalrisks.B Toendanepidemic.C Toprovidemedicaleducation.D. Toinvestigatethenumberofvictims.B考查细 节 理 解。 根 据 第一段尾句 u TheQingImperialCourthadsenttheCambridge-educatedDr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic（ 流 行 病）”可知，清朝政府派遣在剑桥受过教育的伍医生北上，以阻止这种流行病。故B项正确。2. WhichofDr.Wuactsstoppedthediseasefromspreadingnationwide?A. Settingupspecialquarantineunits.B - Carryingmedicalinstrumentswithhim.C Checkinghouseholdsforpossiblecases.D. Convincingauthoritiestoclosetherailways.D考查细节理解。根据题干关键词"spreading nationwide”定位至第二段最后两句中的 “even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911to see their families”和第三段最后一句可知，他说服当局在春节前彻底关闭铁路，防止 人口通过铁路流动，从而阻止了鼠疫在全国流行，故D项正确。3. Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?A. ThediseaseworsenedafterMarch 1, 1911.B. 60, OOOpeoplewouldhavediedwithoutDr.Wu'sefforts.C Theworldwassavedfromamajorepidemicin 1911.D.Aglobalhealthcrisisfollowedthe 19101 1911 outbreak.C考查推理判断。根据第三段尾句可知，如果疫情没有得到控制，允许假期乘坐火车 的旅客将疾病传播到中国其他地方，可能意味着灾难性的生命损失，并可能引发全球健康危 机。据此可以推断，鼠疫在1911年得到完全控制，有效阻止了其向世界传播，故C项正确。4. WhatcanweknowaboutDr.Wufromthelastparagraph?A Hecontinuedtofightepidemicsafter 1911.B Hewasinfectedwithcholerain 1919.C - Hetraveledworldwidehostingconferences.D. Heclaimedtheplaguewouldneverhappenagain.A考查推理判断。根据本文尾句可知，那时伍医生是世界上最著名的抗击鼠疫的人， 他在抗击1919年中国的霍乱和1921年卷土重来的鼠疫中捍卫了这一称号。据此可推知，在 1911年之后，他继续卓有成效地抗击流行病。故A项正确。B（2020-辽宁省五校协作体高三模拟）Inalong-sleevedshirtandjeans,DieudonneTwahirwalooksnothinglikethetraditionalAfricanfarmer.The30 - year - oldownerofGashoraFarmknowswhatadifferencethatmakes.“ Youneedmorerolemodels , “ hesaid , standingamongknee - highrowsofchilli（辣椒） plants. Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers , theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm , othersmaythink ,'Why cant Ldo that?' "Mr.Twahirwa,auniversitygraduate,boughtafriendtomatofarmsixyearsagoforS 15O.Hemade$ 1，500backintwomonths. u Youhavetolinkfarmingwithentrepreneurshipandrealnumbers, hesaid.ManyyoungAfricansareabandoningareasinthecountryside,choosingnottoworkhardandforalongtimeinthefields一ajobmadetougherbyclimatechange.ButTwahirwaisoneofthegrowingbandofsuccessfulfarmersworkingtomakeagriculture'simageon thecontinentmoreattractive.Somel，OOOfarmersnowproducechilliesforhim.Heisstartingafourthfarmofhisown,andexportsfreshanddriedchilliesandoiltoBritain, theUnitedStates, India, andKenya.Africahastheworld,syoungestpopulationand65percentofitsuncultivatedarableland（idlJn 源）.Yetaccessinglandandloansisdifficult,andAfricanproductivityislowwithcropyieldsjust56percentoftheinternationalaverage.' Agricultureismainlyassociatedwithsufferingandnoyoungpersonwantstosuffer，"saidTamaraKaunda.ShebelievesAfricanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsoldfashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithahoe. " Showyoungpeopletractors , greenfields , niceirrigationsystemsandsmartphones, n shesaid.Gettingyoungpeopleinvolvedinagriculturedoesnotmeantheyhavetoworkonafarm.Forexample, incoffeeproduction，thebeansgofromthefarmtothewashingstation，thentobeseparatedfromthehusks（夕卜壳）.语篇解读非洲青年DieudonneTwahirwa从事农业生产，他通过自己的努力，获得了巨大 的回报；非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落 后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业；DieudonneTwahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。5. Whatdoes “Whycan'tldothat? ” inParagraph2mean?A WhycanIdrivetothefarm?B. Whycantheyfarm?C Theyfollowtheexampleofthosefarmers.D Theyboughtafriend'stomatofarm.C考查句意理解。根据第二段中的 Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers , theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm, othersmaythink, Whycan'tldothat?' "可知，此处表示 如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能 那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。6. Whatmakesitharderforfarmerstowork?A. Poorland.B. Climate.C. Lowincome.D. Longworkinghours.B考查细节理解。根据第四段“Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside.a job made tougher by climate change”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的 原因在于气候变化。故选B。7. WhatcanwelearnaboutTwahirwaaccordingtoParagraph5?A Hemadeafortunebygrowingchillies.8. Hischilliesaresuperbintheworld.C Farmersworkingforhimliveasimplelife.D Thelocalsarenwillingtobuyhischillies.A考查推理判断。根据第五段中的 "Somel , OOOfarmersnowproducechilliesforhim.Heisstartingafourthfarmofhisownn 可推知，Twahirwa 通过 种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。B项中的superb意为“质量极高的”。8 . WhenitcomestoagricultureinAfrica， whatdopeoplethinkaboutit?A Loansaredifficult.B - Mostlandisuncultivated.C Cropyieldsareratherlow.D Farmingmethodsareoutofdate.D考查推理判 断。 根据第 七段 中 的 u Africanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsold-fashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithah oe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。 由此可推知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。A、B、C三 项均为非洲农业的实际情况，不是人们对其的看法。II.七选五（2021 山东省部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试）Criticism（批评）isharmfultohealthyrelationships.It'sokaytoexpressdisappointmentifsomeoneisbehavinginawaythath urtsyou.Thefollowingaresomewaystocatchcriticismbeforeitbegins.2 Beforeyoucriticize，pauseandconsiderwhetheryoureallyneedtosayanythingatall.Ifsomeonedidsomethingtogetonyourner ves ,wouldyoureallyneedtopointitout ?Sometimes ，itbesttoletsmallrudenessgo.Takeafewdeepbreathsandleavetheroominsteadofcriticizing.Berealistic.Criticalpeopleoftenhaveveryhighexpectationsofthosearoundthem.Yourtendencyto criticizemaycomefromexpectingtoomuchfromothers.Sometimesyoumayfindyourselfconsistentlyan noyedordisappointedwithothers. 3Separatetheindividualsfromtheiractions.Criticalpeopleoftenfocusonthenegativeaspectsofas ituationoraperson,failingtoseegoodqualitiesalongsidenegativeones.Ifyoufindyourselfmakingassumptionsaboutaperso nfscharacter，stopyourself. 4 Weallbehavepoorlysometimes,butasingleactionisnotareflectionofthecharacter.F ocusonpositives.Oftentimes,beingcriticalresultsfromhowyou'rechoosingtoseeasituation.5 However,thevastmajorityofpeoplehavegoodqualitiesthatoutweighthebadones.Trytofocusonapersonpositivequalitiesovertheimegativeones.A Nevercriticizeothers.B. Thinkbeforeyouspeak.C Everyonehasdrawbacksandimperfections.D- Itmaybeagoodideatoadjustyourexpectations.E. Weshouldfocusonotherpeopledisappointingactions.F. Trytoseparateadisappointingactionfromthepersondoingtheaction.G Beingoverlycritical, however, cancausetensioninarelationshipovertime.语篇解读批评对健康的人际关系有害，本文介绍了几种在批评开始前将其拦住的方法。1. G考查上下文衔接。该空前一句说如果有人的行为伤害了你，表达失望是可以的， 空后又表达下面是一些在批评开始前拦住它的方法，空处前后表示语义上的转折，故选G 项“然而，过于挑剔会导致一段关系随着时间的推移而紧张”。2. B考查段落小标题。该空需要填的是本段的小标题，本段的主要内容为在批评前需 要停下来考虑是否有必要说些什么，故选B。3. D考查总结句。根据空前内容可知，批判性的人往往对周围的人有很高的期望，批 评的倾向可能来自对别人过高的期望，再结合本段小标题可知，D项“调整自己的期望值可 能是个好办法”符合语境。4. F考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题“将个人和他们的行为分开”可知，F项“尽 力把一种令人失望的行为和做这种行为的人分开”与小标题呼应，与此处匹配，故选F。5. C考查上下文衔接。空后提到，然而绝大多数人的好品质多于坏品质，尽力把注意 力集中在一个人的正面品质上，而不是负面的品质上，故C项“每个人都有缺点和不完美” 符合语境。1III .应用文写作（2020-烟台市高考诊断性测试）假如你是校英文报主编，最近校报拟开设“我身边的英雄”栏目，请你根据以下提示写 一则征稿启事（电子邮箱：Englishcolumn 163）：1 .开设目的；2 .稿件要求；3 .投稿方式和截止日期。注意：1.词数80左右；4 .可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Contributions Wanted答案：Contributions WantedToshareinspiringstoriesaboutheroesandletthewholeschoollearnfromthem weYetolaunchanewcolumnTheHeroAroundMe.Everyoneiswelcometowritearticlesaboutahero , includingthehero,sname his/hergreatspiritandheroicdeedsthattouchyou.Whatyouwriteshouldbeaccurateandreal.Besides yourcontributionsareexpectedtobewithin300words.PleasesendyourcontributionstooureditorialdepartmentoremailthemtoEng/z5/zc67/wmn163 before April28.