高中英语：教学设计（第3课时）：A land of diversity.docx

Unit 1 A land of di ver si ty 教学设计(Per i od 3 Learn i ng about Language)【教学目标分析】教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解 和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，体会并复 习名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语的用法和含义。 教学地位语法是学生感到比拟难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让 学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用， 而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。【教学方案设计】 新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。 教学流程设计老师检查上节课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。让学生就“互动探究”进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个 讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。老师对语法局部给以点拨。让学生掌握本单元语法知识。让学生讨论完成“语法精析”局部，并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充 一些必要的练习。让学生完成“当堂双基达标”。师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案，并对难以理解的或有争议的地7. We believe human beings can't live without animals, andit is quite necessary to protect those rare animals.A. that；不填B.不填；不填C.不填；that D. what； that【解析】 句意：我们相信没有动物，人类将无法生存，也相信现在很有必 要去保护那些珍稀动物。所选项引导的均是believe后的宾语从句，且不在从句 中作任何成分，故用that；动词后有两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时， 只有第一个that可以省略，应选C。【答案】C8. The boss is thinking about he should open another branch company.A. whether B. ifC. that D. what【解析】 句意：老板正在考虑是否要再开一家分公司。所选项引导宾语从 句，且不在句中作任何成分，意为“是否"，故用whethero if不能引导介词的宾 语从句；that引导名词性从句时，在句中没有任何意义；what引导名词性从句时, 在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。【答案】A9. （2013济宁高二质检）He failed to attend the meeting.The reason was he missed the first bus.A. because B. thatC. why D. how【解析】 句意：他没能来参加会议，原因是他没赶上第一班公交车。所选 项引导表语从句，且不在句中作任何成分，故用that。主语为名词reason时，表 语从句中的连接词要用that,而不能用because或why； how常作方式状语。【答案】B10. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.A. where B. whetherC. that D. why【解析】句意：辛迪重重地关上了门，并且大哭了起来。办公室没有一个 人知道她为什么这么生气。此处why表示原因，引导knew的宾语从句，符合题 意。where表示地点；whether意为“是否"，that没有实际意义，二者都不在名词 性从句中作成分。【答案】DII .完成句子1. . （英语晚会将在哪里举行）has not yet been announced.2. It is known to us（他是如何成为一名作家的）.3. （他要跟我们说什么）is not clear.4. He has told me（他 明 天要去上海）.5. I insist（要她单独工作）.6. I want to know（他告诉了你什么）.7. I wonder（他来还是不来）.8. The fact is（我们已经输了这场比赛）.9. That's（正是我想要的）.10. This is（我们的问题所在）.【答案】1. Where the English evening will be held2. how he became a writer3. What he wants to tell us4. that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow5. that she （should） do her work alone6. what he has told you7. whether he will come or not8. that we have lost the game9. just what I want10. where our problem lies方给出详解。自我评估。布置作业。让学生完成课本第5页1、2、3题，预习学案Period 4。【课堂互动探究】要点讲练occur vi.发生；出现It didn't occur to me that（教材 P5）我起初没想到The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off.这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。【归纳拓展】It occurs to sb. that某人想起It occurs to sb. to do某人想起做occur to sb.（主意）浮现于脑海中；被想到；（某人）想到It occurred to him that he hadn't eaten.他想到他还没吃东西。It did not occur to me to check my insurance policy.我没想到要核对我的保险单。【易混辨析】occur/ happen/ take placeoccur比拟正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律 在较为确定的时间“发生”的事，在表示具体的事物时，可与happen 换用。但occur还可表示“某人想起”。happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”。另 外,happen还有"碰巧”之意。take place通常指”（某事）按计划进行或按计划发生”。另外，take place还有“举 行”之意。【提示】表示“某人想起”还可用.hit sb.或sb. strike on.。【对接高考】（2012江西高考）It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.A. whether B. where C. which D. that【解析】 句意：他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。It occurs to sb. that 意为“某人突然想到某事“，其中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。 其他选项没有此用法。【答案】D【即学即用】用happen, occur, take place的适当形式填空Pm afraid that this would during my absence.Does it ever to you that I am sometimes thinking?Great changes have in China since then.(4)The meeting will next Friday.It that I had no money on me.The accident yesterday.【答案】 happen/occur occurtaken placetake place©happened ©happened/occurred【语法精析】预习热身观察以下从Reading中选取的句子，体会名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语的 用法。©Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.©Scientists believe (that) these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.【自我总结】1 .名词性从句必须是 语序，引导词位于从句。2 .主语从句通常以 做形式主语出现。3 .引导宾语从句的 常可以省略，并且注意，当主句为过去时时，从句时态一定往前推移，不可出现现在时或现在完成时。【答案】1.陈述；句首2.it 3.that；时态呼应知识精要复习名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语一、概说名词性从句，即指具有名词性质的从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表 语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，也是历年 高考重点考查的内容之一。学习名词性从句主要应注意其引导词的用法与区别， 从句的词序以及名词性从句与其他从句的区别等。二、主语从句1 .主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由连词that和whether.连接代词或连接副词引导。That he is still alive is a wonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。What he wants to read now are some magazines.现在他想读的是一些杂志。Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.明天我们是否去野营要看天气。2 .主语从句与形式主语it有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it,而将真正的主 语从句移至句末。这分三种情况。(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：It's a pity that he didn't com已很遗憾他没来。(2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句, 也可直接在句首使用主语从句。Whether they would support us was a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。It was a problem whether they would support us.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。(3)what引导的主语从句，通常不用形式主语，总是主语从句放在句首。What we need is money.我们需要的是钱。What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这一点。(4)如果句子是疑问句，那么必须用带形式主语it的结构。Is it true that he is the girl's father?他是那女孩的父亲，是真的吗？Is it still a question when we shall have our sports meet?我们什么时候开运动会还是个问题吗？3 .连词that的省略问题引导主语从句的连词that有时可省，有时不能省，其原那么是：假设that引导 的主语从句直接位于句首，那么that不能省略；假设that引导的主语从句位于句末, 而在句首使用了形式主语it, that那么可以省略。That you didn't go to the talk was a pity.很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)It was a pity (that) you didn't go to the talk.很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)三、宾语从句4 .宾语从句的引导词宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)连接代词或连接副词引导。We believe that he is honest.我们相信他是老实的。I don't know whether he'll arrive in time.我不知道他是否能及时到。I don't know who (m) you mean.我不知道你指谁。He asked why he had to go alone.他问他为什么必须一个人去。Please tell me which you like.告诉我你喜欢哪一个。She has got what she wanted.她要的东西得至了。【提示】有时介词后可跟一个宾语从句(但介词后通常不接that和if引导的宾语从句)。From what you say, he is right.根据你所说的，他是对的。有极个别介词(如but, except)可接that引导的宾语从句。She remembered nothing about him except that his hair was black. 她对他什么 都不记得，只记得他的头发是黑的。5 .宾语从句与形式宾语让当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it,而将 真正的宾语从句移至句末。I think it best that you should stay here.我认为你最好住这儿。He hasn't made it known when he is going to get married.他还没宣布他何时结 婚。6 .连词that的省略问题引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略。She said (that) she would come to the meeting.她说过要来开会的。I promise you (that) I will be there.我容许你我会去。【提示】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省 略：That she is a good girl I know.她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。7 .宾语从句与否认转移当动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine后接一个表示否认意义的 宾语从句时，其否认通常转移到主语。I don't suppose that it is true.我认为那不是真的。I don't imagine that he will come.我想他不会来的。四、表语从句1 .表语从句的引导词引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether,连接代词和连接副词，以及as if, as though, because 等连词。The fact is that he doesn't really try.事实是他没有做真正的努力。The question is whether the film is worth seeing.问题是这部电影是否值得看。The problem is how we can find him.问题是我们如何找到他。That was when I was行fteen.这是我15岁时发生的事。It is because I love you too much.那是因为我太爱你了。【提示】whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语 从句；because可引导表语从句，但与之同义的since, as, for等也不用于引导 表语从句。2 .连词that的省略问题引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。My idea is (that) we should do it right away.我的意见是我们应该马上干。The trouble is (that) he is ill.糟糕的是他病 了。五、名词性从句中两个易错问题1 .词序问题名词性从句总是用陈述句词序，而不能使用疑问句词序，尤其是当名词性从 句由“疑问词”引导时，不能受疑问句的影响而误用疑问句词序。误：I didn't know where did he live.正：I didn't know where he lived.我不知道他住哪儿。误： Who will he marry remains unknown.正： Who he will marry remains unknown.他同谁结婚还不知道。2 .时态问题由于由when引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句要用现在时表 示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态，所以许多同学容易受此影响在when和 if引导名词性从句时也用现在时表示将来意义。另外，当主句为过去时态时，宾语从句通常要用过去的某种时态与之呼应（表 客观真理时除外）。The teacher told us that he knew everything.老师告诉我们他知道一切。The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光比声音 传播得快。【巧学妙记】 学习宾从三注意, 时态主从要呼应: 主句假设为现在时, 主句假设为过去时, 宾从假设是表真理, 语序要用陈述序, That连接陈述句,口寸态语序和连词。从句时态随句意; 从句时态变过去; 时态不变无质疑。 切莫照搬疑问句。 省与不省要注意。从句假设表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。当堂双基达标I .单项填空1. （2013开封高二检测）he had forgotten to take his notebook.A That occurred to him B . To him that occurredC. He occurred that D. It occurred to him that【解析】 此题检测的是occur的用法和it做形式主语。（an idea）occur to sb. 是“（主意）浮现在脑中、被想起”的意思。句意：他想起忘带笔记本了。【答案】D2. （2013）匕京高考）Experts believe people can waste less food byshopping only when it is necessary.A. why B. where C. that D. what【解析】题干的意思是：专家们认为必要的时候才购物可以减少食物的浪 费。分析结构可知，此处是experts believe作主句，空格处引导宾语从句，从句 不缺少成分，故用that。why在句中作原因状语；where作地点状语；what作主 语、宾语或表语。故正确答案为C项。分析清楚句子结构是解题关键。【答案】C3. （2013安徽高考）From space, the earth looks blue. This is aboutseventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.A. why B. howC. because D. whether【解析】 此题考查表语从句的引导词。句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。 这是因为它外表大约71%被水所覆盖。首先分析前后两句之间的逻辑关系，此处 为“前果后因“，使用because,应选C项。【答案】C4. （2012*福建高考）We promise attends the party a chance to have aphoto taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我们承诺给任何出席晚会的人一个与那 个影星合影的机会。句中whoever引导宾语从句（=anyone who引导的定语从句）。【答案】C5. （20121匕京高考）Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt hecould have expressed it differently.A. why B. how C. that D. whether【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。宾语从句不缺少成分，故用that引导。【答案】C6. worries me a lot is that I keep forgetting what I have just done.A. As B. What C. That D. It【解析】 句意：使我很担忧的是我总是忘记我刚刚做了什么。所选项引导 主语从句并在从句中作主语，故用what。as不引导名词性从句；that引导名词性 从句时不在从句中作任何成分；it不引导从句。【答案】B