2022-2023学年人教版八年级英语上册阅读理解专项.docx

八年级上 阅读理解专项（一）Everyone likes living in a clean and comfortable environment. If the environment are bad, it will affect our body, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be terribly ill. At that time we don't want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home. So the environment is very important to us.It's germs that makes us ill. There are germs everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope. They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing. Germs can always be found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. Germs can also be found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs will have pain everywhere.To keep us healthy, we should try to our best to make our environment become cleaner and tidier. This needs us to act together.1. The writer tell us that .A. we like working when we are ill.B. germs can't live in the water.C. we can't feel ill if the environment is bad.D. we feel well when the environment is good.2. Germs are .A. very small things that you can't see with your eyes.B. the things that don't effect people.C. the things that you can find with your eyes.D. the things that are very big.3. Where can germs be found? They can be found .A. on the small thing B. in air and dustC. only in dirty water D. everywhereHow will you feel if germs go into the finger that is cut?A. I will feel nothingB. I won't mindC. I will feel tenseD. I will feel painfulFrom the passage we know that .A. Environment doesn't affect our lifeB. We don't need to improve our environmentC. Germs may make us illD. If the environment is better, germs will be more.二.阅读短文，选择正确答案。Height is just one of the thousands of features your genes （基因）decide. In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then most probably you will be tall, too, but if you have questions about how tall you*re going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out.But genes don't decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your full potential （潜力）.Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height.No doubt you're wondering how fast you should grow. It depends. There's no perfect or right answer. Generally speaking, kids grow about 2 inches （6 centimeters） a year between age 3 and the time when they start puberty （when your body starts changing and becoming more grown up）.Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years. Two centimeters here and 2 inches there are not nearly as important as the height you're at now, how you*ve been growing up to this point, and what other changes your body may be going through.Don't be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a growth spurt （高峰） during puberty. The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys.You'll usually begin to notice that you're growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty.1. The Chinese for the word "puberty" is.A.童年时期B.婴幼儿时期C.习惯养成期D.生长发育期2. If you want to know how fast and how tall you should grow,.A. you should have enough exerciseyou can ask doctors for helpyou should save the environmentYou can record your growth during puberty 3. This passage is mainly about.A. how the genes work in your bodywhen is the time you grow fast C. why you look like your parents D. how you grow to a certain height 4. After reading this passage, we can explain.A. how good it is to be a doctorhow much sleep time we needwhy genes can't decide everythingwhat healthy diet is5. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Your height most probably depends on how high your parents are.B. Girls' age for starting puberty is usually earlier than that for boys'.C. The time showing the first changes of puberty is never noticed. D. You may be scared sometimes when you grow too fast.In nature, you may see many insects （昆虫）and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why? Locusts are super delicious food for birds,but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them.lt is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops（庄稼）.When crops are young,locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.Brown bears,tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can't be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil（土壤） in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive,they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over , its enemies will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.l:It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because.A. locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very highC. locusts are smarter than birds D. locusts can change their color2:According to the passage, most soil insectsA. do not have bright colorsB change their colors with the soilC. do not live in a dark and wet environmentEat colorful insects like butterflies and bees3: What's the meaning of the underlined worcTsurvive" in the passage?A.繁殖B.产卵C.觅食D.生存4:The ink fish so that its enemies will not see it?A. changes its color B. makes the water around it blackC. appears only at night D. hides itself in the sea rocks5: What is the main idea of this passage?A. Some insects and animals have different skills.B Some insects and animals are clever than we think.C. Some insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.D. Some insects and animals can get used to the environment easily.四Mobile phones help us easily find people anywhere at any time. A mobile phone can include many things, such as games, music and Internet access（互联网接入）.Today, 4.6 billion people around the world have mobile phones, according to CBS News.However, mobile phones may cause cancer, according to the World Health Organization. In a 2010 study, people who used a mobile phone for 10 years or more were more than two times as likely to get brain cancer, according to CNN.“I think it is a good idea to give the public some kind of warning that long-term exposure（暴露）to radiation （辐射）from your mobile phone could possibly cause cancer,“told Dr Henry Lai. Lai is a scientist of bioengineering（生物工程）at the University（大学）of Washington who has studied radiation for more than 30 years. These suggestions may help you reduce your risk of cancer:1. Use a headset（耳机）or speakerHeadsets give out much less radiation than phones. Some headsets give out low-level radiation. However, you should take it off your ear when you're not talking to anyone. Using your phone with a speaker will also make it safer.2. Listen more, talk lessYour phone gives out radiation when you talk or text, but not when you're listening or getting messages. Listening more and talking less can lower the risk of cancer.3. Hold the phone away from your bodyHold the phone away from your body when you9re talking, not against your ear. Also, don't keep it in your pocket.4. Choose texting over talkingPhones give out less radiation to send texts than to carry a person's voice. Texting also keeps radiation away from your head.5. Poor signal? Stay off the phoneA poor signal means that the phone needs to give out more radiation to work. Make and take calls when your phone has a strong signal.1 .The study from 2010 showed that.A. people should use mobile phones for no more than 10 yearspeople who don't use mobile phones will not get brain cancerthe longer people use mobile phones, the more likely they are to get brain cancerthe more mobile phones people have, the more likely they are to get brain cancer2 .Which is NOT true about the suggestions mentioned in the passage?A. Some headsets don't give out radiation.B It's not good to carry mobile phones in pockets.C. Texting is better than making phone calls.D. Don't make calls when the signal is weak.3 .The passage mainly talks about.A. the development and advantages of mobile phonesthe reason why mobile phone radiation causes cancerthe best ways to use mobile phones to communicatehow to protect ourselves from mobile phone radiation五World War II lasted from 1939 to 1945. Life changed for everybody, includin g women and children because of the war. Millions of people lost their lives during the war. The Diary of a Young Girl was a record of that time. The book was written by a girl named Anne Frank.Anne Frank was born in Germany in June 1929. Because the German Nazi（纳粹分子）hated the Jews（犹太人） and warned to kill them, her family had to move to another country. In July 1942, they went into hiding in a secret place in her father's office. During that difficult time, Anne kept writing diaries until she and her family were discovered by the Nazis in August 1944. They were caught and sent to a Nazi camp. The next year, her mother died. In the same year, she and her elder sister died of illness, before the war ended.After the war, her father collected her diaries and the book The Diary of a Young Girl came out in 1947. It has been put into over 30 languages since then. The book has been read by people all over the world. In her diary, Anne wrote down her thoughts, her feelings, her hopes and her dreams for the future, nI want the diary to be my friend, and I'm going to call this friend Kitty." nI cant spend all day complaining because its impossible to have any fun! . Every day, I feel the beauty of nature and the goodness of the people around me. With all that, why should 1 be sad?”The Diary of a Young Girl has also become a symbol of the greatness of the human spirit. It is called one of the wisest and most moving records on war.1. In which year did Anne die of illness?A. In 1939. B. In 1942. C. In 1944. D. In 1945.2. According to the passage, HKittyn is.A. her diary B. her elder sister C. her mother D. her hiding placeWhich of the following is true?A. Anne was lazy, sad and complained all day.B. The book is mainly about Anne's school life.C. Anne loved life though she was in difficult time.D. The book has been put into nearly 30 languages.3. From the passage, we can infer（推明f）.A. Anne was bom in Germany B. Anne was a JewC. Anne's father collected the diaries D. Anne was a Nazi