2022届高考英语七选五解题技巧与练习.docx

2022北京高考阅读七选五技巧-：首先要明白：完形填空 填的是词，七选五填的是句 子。考试题型对学生的考察能力来看无外乎两个方面:(1)把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系(2)把握微观信息间关联性(即空格|前后句间关系)二：解题方法：词汇同现、词汇复现、代词妙用、数字线索、逻辑线索。具体答题步骤如下:I步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三个四个位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有时有的答 案表述上就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中播，以降低难度。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓，:章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题包 恒大意。分析文章的层次包含两种形式:二种是分林曼草的层次，也就是段落，说明文和议论文这 样体裁的文章，每段的第一句多是主题句。找到主题句有助于帮助确定选择的范围，即所选句 子必须和该段主题一致。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。要真正体会 句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。文章的行文需要通过一定的衔接手段来实现。文章的衔接手段有：重复式用某一词语或子 范畴的词语，使用同义语表达，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词防止重 复等。上述方法有助于段落的思路平稳在句子之间过渡。连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚 至每个短语融为一体。段落一致与句子衔接是文章连贯的两个必要因素。步骤五：区分相似项七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项,七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项,对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时耍特别细致地比对相似选项，方法和答阅读理解时m粕似项一样。步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语 篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、符合逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰 当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。北京适应性考试试题分析2021 一模石景山Public SpeakingPublic speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience.46For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech about, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be ajoke.47Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the "battlefield“ in advance will give the speakers a hugeadvantage.Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech.48 A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look up to the speaker to give them something new anduseful.49Language and delivery alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said.50 A. It needs to be usedclearly.B. These speeches mark special occasions.C. The important thing to watch about is not to put in too muchinformation.D. The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including publicspeaking.E. They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to askquestions.F. Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance ofit.G. Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience''s expectation.七选五海淀46.E47.A48.C49. F 50.G西城46. E47. G48. A49. F50. D东城46. A 47. D48. E49. B50. G朝阳46-50CAFDG丰台石景山46-50: CDAGEAn interviewis r discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally。顺便地）, ""respondent 应答者" and "informant 通矢口人" are words that are sometimes used insteadof “interviewee".A great deal （许多东西）is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being,and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires （that came through their letterboxes or to emails）. 48 Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physicalpresence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. Most importantly, though, you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them. 49 You w川 be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are importanthow do you want to be seen? As "one of us" ? As a person in authority? As an observer?.Or what?50 Howeveryou decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview beginsto talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break theice.A. This is a ready-made support foryou.this-this personal contact 代词指代B. Its nature varies with the nature of theinterviews.C. You will be able to hear and understand what they aresaying用F 比句D. Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound andbehave.E. The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination ofthese.阿7匚复现 F. Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with anotherperson.对应 intervieweeG. You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees might reallymean.稳固提升2021 一模海淀Benefits of SportsDoing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It's a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overallfitness once you'reinvolved. E46Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions.47 Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child's confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth. 48 So after a game, it's a better idea to ask "Did you enjoy the game?" rather than "Did you win?"Children who participate in sports might also benefit |from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, builping up accountabilityandleadership.49_Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. 50There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!A. It's not just your body that benefits fromsports.B. Therefore, playing sports is going to make you morefit.C. But remember, a child's self-worth should not be distinguished by victory orloss.D. If you play group sports, you'll be part of a team that takes direction from acoach.E. Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to becompetitive.F. Among hese, learning how to function as part of a team is the most importantadvantageOnly with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sportsfield.2021 一模西城根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。Today's students are surrounded by information. The ability to figure out exactly why authors writeand not accept every opinion as factis a key skill. 46 The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors reallywrite.Start with why. zzWhy did the author write this piece?” is the key question asked to identify author's purpose. To help students expand their|understanding of "why," post various types of nonfiction (an advertisement, opinion article, news article, etc.) around your classroom |and have students quickly identify a purpose for each. 47Talk about structure. Authors use different structures for different purposes. For example, one author may use time order to explain an event, while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event intocontext.48 Often when authors write, they/re trying to get readers to feel a certain way. Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales. Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation. After students read a text, stop and ask: How do you feel? And how did the author get you to feel thisway?Connect it to students' own writing. It doesn't have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand. 49 When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about, to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory, they/ll become more conscious of how authors approachwriting.Observe how purpose changes within a text|. Author's purpose is often studied through the text as a whole, but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well. 50 Then, they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation. And finally, they may conclude with an appeal. Take a short article and break it apart, identifying the different purposes so that students see how author's purpose changes as theyread.A. pet to the hear.B. Identify thetopic.C. The readers may get more advanced in their work with informationaltext.D. Forexample,an authormayinclude a funnyanecdote (轶事)to draw the reader in.E. In particular, they'll need to figure out author's purpose and draw their ownconclusions.F. Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes.G. Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write.2021 一模东城 Are Ybu a Prisoner ofPerfection?Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach? 46 Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you can/t achieve the unachievable? Understanding what drives perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self-created anchor that keeps usstuck.Shame and fear are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism. We believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour,thennoonecanhurtuswithcriticismandwe/llwinrespectandapproval.47 Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame. They fear thatshowing vulnerability（ 弱点）will expose them to the accusation that they're weak. They stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when it's obvious that the emperor has no clothes.Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future. We/re constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better. 48 However, if we can/t relax and enjoy lighter moments, then we become prisoners of our perfectionism. We get painfully self-consciousandtakeourselvestooseriously. Sadly, wedeprive（录夺）ourselvesof the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and beingourselves.49 We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn't mean that we are a failure. Without failures, well never learn from our mistakes; we/ll never move forward in our lives. Those who succeed have made countless mistakes. The important thing is to learn from our error; forgive ourselves and moveon.Being human, perfection is impossible. 50 Releasing ourselves from the desire to protect our image, we're freed to sail gracefully through our successes and failuresand enjoy our precious life.A. Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible torealize?B. A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our humanshortcomings.C. Do you fear that others will be horrified by what you judge aboutyourself?D. The addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of beingimperfect.E. There's nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way.F. People who are addicted to perfection are often isolated, even if they seem outgoing andpopular.G. By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best, we begin to rid the shame that drivesperfectionism.2021 一模朝阳根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating?Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate? Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.This reaction to repeated exposure to foodbeing less interested in something because you've experienced it too muchis called habituation.46The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. "If you just think about the food itselfhow it tastes and smellsthat will increase your appetite/7 said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. z1t might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing.47Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn't prevent you from eating lots of cheese/7 headded.Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates.48Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly, a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machinewith no chocolates. 49 When they said they had finished, these were taken away and weighed. The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the othergroups.50Physical signalsthat full stomach feelingare only part of what tells us we/ve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily, or have control over other habits.A. What's more, this only works with the specific food you've imagined.B. People were advised to try different methods to perform theexperiment.C. For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to thestudy.D. All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolateeach.E. It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific