上海市徐汇区2021-2022学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷(含详解).docx

徐汇区2021学年初二年级第一学期期中考试英语试卷（考试时间90分钟满分100分）考生注意：1. 本试卷共80题。.2. 请将所有答案做在答卷的指定位置上，做在试卷上一律不计分。Part II Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar （共 41 分）（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案）（15 分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A. We live in a small house in Shanghai.B. My brother is studying to be an accountant.C. At that time, America was still a young nation.D. What an inspiration she was to all around her.1. Anna would like to be actress in the future.A. aB. anC. theMy teaching style is similar that of most other teacher.A. withB. fromC. toListening to music makes easy for me to relax.A. thisB. itC. thatMy little cousin is keen on model planes.A. makeB. makingC. to makehave got a problem, and I don't know how to it.A. argue withB. do withC. agree withD./D. inD. oneD. makesD. deal with7. Wendy is good at all the lessons. Her classmates often ask her them with their lessons.A. helpB. helpsC. to helpD. helping一Would you like some snacks or a piece of chocolate cake?. I don't have any food before going to bed.A. NeitherB. BothC. EitherD. None【详解】句意：听音乐使我很容易放松。考查代词辨析。this这个；it它；that那个；one 一个。make it+形容词+for sb to do sth”使某人做某事很”,it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，故选B。5. My little cousin is keen on model planes.A. makeB. makingC. to makeD. makes【答案】B【分析】【详解】句意：我的小表弟热衷于制作飞机模型。考查非谓语动词。on是介词，其后面的动词需要变成动名词形式，be keen on doing sth,热衷于做某事，故选 Bohave got a problem, and I don't know how to it.A. argue withB. do withC. agree withD. deal with【答案】D【详解】句意：我遇到了一个问题，我不知道该如何处理。考查动词短语辨析。argue with和争吵；do w油 处理；agree with同意；deal with处理。根据“I have gota problem, and I don't know how to . it”可知,此处指不知道如何处理这个问题,how通常与deal with 一起 搭配，故选D。7. Wendy is good at all the lessons. Her classmates often ask her them with their lessons.A. helpB. helpsC. to helpD. helping【答案】C【分析】【详解】句意：温蒂擅长所有的科目。她的同学经常请她帮助他们学习功课。考查非谓语动词。ask sb to do sth“请某人做某事' 固定短语，空处用动词不定式。故选C。8. 一Would you like some snacks or a piece of chocolate cake?-. I don't have any food before going to bed.A. NeitherB. BothC. E汕erD. None【答案】A【分析】【详解】句意：你想吃零食或巧克力蛋糕吗？都不吃。睡觉前我不吃任何食物。考查不定代词辨析。neither表两者都不；both用于两者都；either指两者中任何一个；none三者或三者以上 一个也没有。根据下文“ I don't have any food before going to bed”可知，零食或巧克力蛋糕这两种食物都不吃,故选Ao9. If something to her, please call me at once.A. explainsB. continuesC. happensD. realizes【答案】C【分析】【详解】句意：如果她出了些什么事情，请立刻打电话给我。考查动词词义辨析。explains解释；continues持续；happens发生，出现；realizes实现，意识到。由“please call me at once,可推测是某些事情发生的情况。故选C。10. Lucy has to do the same thing every day. She be very bored with her job.A. canB. mustC. mayD. need【答案】B【分析】【详解】句意：露西每天都要做同样的事情。她一定对自己的工作很厌烦。考查情态动词。can 能；must 必须，一定；may 可能；need 需要；根据“Lucy has to do the same thing every day.be very bored with her job.”可知，这里表达 是一种推测，表示“一定很厌烦”，表示肯定推测的是must,故选 Bowill you finish your housework?In about forty-five minutes.A. How farB. How soonC. How longD. How often【答案】B【详解】句意：你多久会完成你的家务？ 大约四十五分钟后。考查特殊疑问句。how far多远；how soon多久以后；how long多久；how often多久一次。根据“In about forty-行ve minutes”可知，对in+一段时间提问，要用疑问词how soon引导特殊疑问句，故选B。11. Online games are very interesting,children can't spend too much time on it.A. andB. orC. soD. but【答案】D【详解】句意：网络游戏很有趣，但孩子们不能在上面花太多时间。考查连词的辨析。and和，又；or否则，要不然；so因此；but但是。根据uOnline games are very interesting, 可知，此处表示转折关系用but,故选D。12. exciting film Leap （夺冠）is!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. What an【答案】D【分析】【详解】句意：夺冠是一部多么让人激动的电影啊！考查感叹句的用法。感叹句的常见结构为“What+a/an+形容词+名词（+主语+谓语）！ ”或者“How+形容词/副 词（+主语+谓语）！ 本句中film为可数名词单数形式，且句子符合由what引导的感叹句结构，exciting是 以元音音素开头的单词，故其前应用不定冠词an。故选D。13. 一I can't do the homework. It so difficult.A. Tm afraid you can't.B. Don't do it yourself.C. Ask others for the answers.D. Don't worry. Til help you.【答案】D【详解】句意： 我不能做家庭作业。它是如此困难。不要担心。我会帮助你的。考查情景交际。I'm afraid you cant恐怕你不能；Don't do it yourself.不要自己做；Ask others for the answers. 问别人答案；Don9t worry. Til help you.不要担心。我会帮助你的。根据上文“我不能做家庭作业。它是如 此困难。”可知，下文是对上文表示安慰。故选D。14. Would you like me to bring you a cup of coffee?A. Yes. I would like to. B. It's a pleasure.C. Yes, please.D. It doesn't matter.【答案】C【详解】句意： 要我给你倒杯咖啡吗？ 是的，有劳。考查情景交际。Yes. I would like to 是的，我想去；It's a pleasure 不用客气；Yes, please 是的，请；It doesn't matter 没关系。根据“Would you like me to bring you a cup of coffee”可知，上一句是一个表请求允许的问句，肯定回 答用“Yes, please”。故选 C。IL （6 分）Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once （存下歹（J单词 或短语前字母填入空格，每个单词或短语只能填一次）：A. plan B. several C. glad D. how much E. allow F. afraid G. subjectHomework is a big part of going to school. Unluckily, homework has to be done outside class-during times when you would probably much rather be doing something else, for example, you like going to a birthday partyinstead of copying out a whole Chinese text. Luckily, there are 16 things you can do to make homework less work.First, be sure you understand the task. Write it down in your notebook if you need to, and don't be 17 to ask questions about whafs expected. If you want, you can also ask how long the special homework task should take to finish, so you can 18 your time.Second, use any small pieces of time you have in school to work on your homework. Many schools have study halls that 19 students to study or get homework done. The more work you can get done in school means the less you'll have to do that night.What if you don't have time in school to get homework done? You'll need to think about 20 homework you have for a given night and what else is going on that day, and then plan your time. Most school students have more than two hours of homework a night. If it's a heavy homework day and it seems like you got a task in every21、you'll need to spend more time on homework. IVs a good idea to come up with some kind of homeworktimetable, especially if you enjoy sports or activities or have an after-school job.【答案】16.B17. F18. A 19. E20 D 21. G【分析】本文介绍了一些可以减少家庭作业工作量的方法。【16题详解】句意：幸运的是，你可以做一些事情来减少家庭作业的工作量。此空修饰名词things,要用形容词作定语, 备选词several“数个”符合，故选B。【17题详解】 句意：如果需要的话，把它写在你的笔记本上，不要害怕问关于期望的问题。根据"to ask questions about whafs expected”及备选词可知，不要害怕问问题，afraid“害怕的”，故选F。【18题详解】 句意：如果你愿意，你也可以询问特殊的家庭作业需要多长时间才能完成，这样你就可以计划你的时间。情态动词can后接动词原形，根据“your time”及备选词可知，此处指计划时间，plan“计划”，故选A。【19题详解】 句意：许多学校都有自习室，允许学生学习或完成作业。根据"Many schools have study halls thatstudents tostudy or get homework done”及备选词可知，这些自习室允许学生学习或完成作业，allow“允许”，故选E。【20题详解】句意：你需要考虑你晚上有多少家庭作业，当天还有什么事情要做，然后计划好你的时间。根据“Youll need to think about. homework you have for a given night”及备选词可知，考虑晚上有多少作业，how much"多少", 故选Do21题详解】句意：如果这是一个沉重的家庭作业的一天，似乎你在每一个科目上都有一个任务，你需要花更多的时间 在家庭作业上。根据"If it's a heavy homework day and it seems like you got a task in every”及备选词可知，每个 学科都留了作业，subject“学科”，故选G。IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适 当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(8分)Tsinghua University is one of the most famous in China. (university)【答案】universities【分析】【详解】句意：清华大学是中国最著名的大学之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数+比较范围，意为 “最之一university为可数名词，其复数形式为universities。故填universities。22. The farmer milks the cows a day. (two)【答案】twice【详解】句意：那个农民一天挤两次牛奶。根据“a day”及提示词可知，此处表示“一天两次”，英文表达为 twice a day,故填 twiceoPlease watch carefully if you want to know everything about the change, (physics)【答案】physical【详解】句意：如果你想了解身体变化的一切，请仔细观察。根据后面的change,可知此处应填形容词作 定语，故填physical。23. She is a shy girl. If s for her to raise her hand in class today (usual)【答案】unusual【详解】句意：她是个害羞的女孩。她今天在课堂上举手是不寻常的。根据前句“She is a shy girl.”可知，应 是她今天在课堂上举手是不寻常的；usual“寻常的”，形容词，其反义词为unusual“不寻常的:故填unusual。 26. He didn't notice that I was getting tired and kept on telling the story. (bore)【答案】boring【详解】句意：他没有注意到我累了，继续讲那个无聊的故事。修饰名词story,要用形容词作定语，且是 指物，用以ing为结尾的形容词，故填boring。27. Everyone can achieve in his field if he works hard.（succeed）【答案】success【详解】句意：每个人都能在自己的领域取得成功，只要他努力工作。此空在动词achieve后，要用名词作 宾语，succeed是动词，对应的名词是success,不可数名词，故填success。28. China is wealthier and more than ever before, （power）【答案】powerful【详解】句意：中国比以往任何时候都更富有和强大。power"权利；能力”。根据句子结构可知，此处应用 形容词原级powerful"强大的；强有力的"。故填powerful。29. My father is for taking me to school every day in our family.（responsibility）【答案】responsible【详解】句意：在我们家，我父亲负责每天送我上学。is后接形容词作表语，be responsible for"对负责' 故填 responsibleoV. Complete the following sentence as required.（根据所给要求，改写下列句子，51-55 每空限填一词）（12分）Kitty has violin lessons once a week.（改为否定句）Kitty violin lessons once a week.答案】.doesn't . have【详解】句意：基蒂每周上一次小提琴课。根据句子结构可知时态是一般现在时，句中有实义动词，且主 语是第三人称单数，改为否定句，需借助助动词does,同时动词需用原形。故填doesn't； have。30. She wants to be a doctor（保持句意基本不变）Her is be a doctor.【答案】ambition.to【详解】句意：她想成为一名医生。原句可改为“她的志向是当一名医生”，ambition”志向。根据“is”可知, 第一空应填名词的单数形式。第二空用动词不定式作表语，故填ambition； to。31. It seldom snows in Shanghai in winter.（改为反意疑问句）It seldom snows in Shanghai in winter,?【答案】©. does.it【分析】【详解】句意：上海冬天几乎不下雪。反意疑问句包括两部分：陈述部分+疑问部分；并且遵循“前肯后否 或前否后肯”的原则；本句陈述部分含有“seldom”，为否定形式，故疑问部分要用肯定形式；句子是一般现在时，动词是行为动词的单三式，故疑问句的助动词应用does,主语为it。故填does； it。32. Ifs about five hundred kilometers from her home to her school.（戈ij线部分提问） is it from her home to her school?【答案】 How.far【详解】句意：从她家到学校大约有500公里 划线部分表示距离，对此提问用疑问词how far,故填How；faro33. Sometimes kids are so young that they can't tell the bad from the good.（保持句意基本不变）Sometimes kids are young tell the bad from the good.【答案】too .to【分析】【详解】句意：有时候孩子太小了，分不清好坏。原句是“so如此以至于”引导的结果 状语从句，还可以用"too.to.,太而不能”来表达。故填too； to。34. would like, I, penfriends, to have, all over, from, the world.（连词成句）【答案】I would like to have penfriends from all over the world【分析】【详解】would like to do sth 想要做某事;penfriends 笔友；all over the world 世界各地;from all over the world 作后置定语，修饰名词 penfriends,故填 I would like to have penfriends from all over the world “我想要拥有来 自世界各地的笔友”。Part III Reading and Writing （第三部分 读写）（共 34 分）VI. Reading comprehension （阅读理解）:A. Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）:（6分）Do Animals Really Sleep for Winter?For people who don't like winter, animals that hibernate （冬眠）seem to have the right idea. Isn't it great to bury （埋）your head under the covers （被子）until spring comes?But is hibernation the same as sleeping?Well, despite what you may have heard, animals that hibernate don't “sleep” during the winter. Hibernation, in fact, is very different from what happens when you sleep. During hibernation, metabolism （新陈代谢）slows down greatly. When lemurs （狐猴）hibernate, fbr example, they reduce their heart rates. An active lemur's heart beats 300 times a minute. During hibernation, it beats less than six times a minute.slows down, too. Hibernatinglemurs can go ten minutes without taking a breath （呼吸）.Their brain activity becomes undetectable （无法探查 的）.During sleep, however, animals continue to breathe normally.和土标一According to scientists, hibernation is a way for animals to save energy. It is often seen as winter behavior.However, animals that live in cold areas are not the only ones that hibernate. Some animals hibernate to beat the heat. For some, hibernation does not have to do with temperatures. Some animals hibernate when there is no food.Echidnas （针鼠晏），for example, will hibernate after fires. They won't go back to normal activities until food grows back. Some animals hibernate to stay safe. Animals don't smell （散发臭气）or move much when they hibernate. This makes it hard for other animals to find them and eat them.There are many mammals （哺乳动物）that hibernate. Most of them are small. The average hibernator weighs less than 90 grams. Little animals usually lose heat quickly. It is hard for them to stay warm in winter, so they need to save more energy than larger animals do.We human beings don't need hibernation. So, don't be lazy and lie in bed all day long during the coming winter holiday!35. According to the article, during hibernation, animals.A. lose weightB. stop breathingC. slow down their brain activityD. bury their heads under the covers36. The blank in paragraph 3 should be filled in with "A. Its growthB. Its breathingC. Its brain activityD. Its eye movementAccording to the article, scientists believe most animals hibernate in order to.A. eat lessB. save energyC. have a good dreamD. stay warm in winter37. The author used the example of echidnas to show that.A. hibernation is different from sleepingmost mammals don't need hibernationB. during hibernation, metabolism slows downhibernation doesn't always have to do with temperatures38. According to the article, mammals that hibernate are usually.A. small in sizeB. young in ageC. tall in heightD. heavy in weight39. By writing this article, the author mainly wanted to.A. tell people more about hibernationprevent young people from getting lazyB. explain why human beings don't need hibernationlist the differences between hibernation and sleeping【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于冬眠的知识，动物们通过冬眠来减少消耗和保持安全，并告 诫人们不要在即将来临的寒假整天躺在床上。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“During hibernation, metabolism slows down greatly.”可知，在冬眠期间，动物们 的新陈代谢速度会大大减慢，可以推测动物冬眠会减缓他们的大脑活动。故选C。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 uHibernating lemurs can go ten minutes without taking a breath. Their brain activity becomes undetectable. During sleep, however, animals continue to breathe normally.n 可矢口， 冬眠的狐猴可以十 分钟不呼吸然而在睡觉的时候动物们是正常呼吸的。可推测此处是在讲冬眠期间动物们的呼吸频率会降低。 故选Bo【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段"According to scientists, hibernation is a way for animals to save energy. ” 可知，科学 家认为冬眠是动物们节省能量的一种方式。故选B。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段 “For some, hibernation does not have to do with temperatures. Some animals hibernate when there is no food.”可知，对一些动物来说，冬眠和温度无关。有些动物在没有食物时就冬眠，本文例 举针霰的例子正是为了说明这一点。故选D。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段 “There are many mammals that hibernate. Most of them are small. The averagehibernator weighs less than 90 grams."可知，大多数冬眠的哺乳动物都是小的且平均体重小于90克。故选A。41题详解】主旨大意题。分析全文可知I,本文是向我们科普关于冬眠的知识。故选A。B. Choose the words to complete the passage.（选择:恰当的单词完成短文）:（6分）When I was 13 years old a boy gave me an important gift. It was a smile. It was the early autumn of my first year at a junior high school, and my old school was far away. So nobody knew who I was. I was very lonely, and42 to make friends with anyone.Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. I couldn't talk to anyone about my problem, and I didn't want my parents to 43 about me.Then one day, my classmates talked happily with their friends, 44 I sat at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment, a boy entered the classroom. I didn't know who he was. He passed me and then turned back. He looked at me and, without a word, smiled.Suddenly, I felt 45 bright and friendly. It made me feel happy, lively and warm. That smile changedmy life. I 46 to talk with the other students and made friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.One day, I asked him why he smiled, but he 47 remember smiling at me!It doesn't matte