新高考英语一轮总复习提能练（四）必修1UNIT4EARTHQUAKES.docx

高考提能练（四）必修lUnit4EarthquakesI .阅读理解A （2020贵阳市四校高三年级联考四）Everyyear,thousandsofteenagersparticipateinprogramsattheirlocalartmuseums.Butdoanyofthemrememberthei rtimeatmuseumeventslaterinlife?Anewreportsuggeststhattheanswerisyesandfindsthatarts-basedmuseumprogramsarecreditedwithc hangingthecourseofalumni's（毕业生的）lives, evenyearsafterthefact.TheWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,theWalkerArtCenterandtheMuseumofContemporaryArt,LosAngelesrecentlyaskedresearcherstoconductastudytofindouthoweffectivetheirlong-standingteenartprogramsreallyare.Theyinvolvedover300formerparticipantsoffourprogramsforteens thathavebeeninexistencesincethe 1990s.Alumni , whosecurrentagesrangefrom 18to36,wereinvitedtofindouthowtheyviewedtheirparticipationyearsafterthefact.Amongthealumnisurveyed,75percentofthemthoughttheteenartprogramexperiencehadthemostfavorableimpactontheirownlives, beatingthefamily,schoolandtheirneighborhoods.Nearly55percentthoughtthatitwasoneofthemostimportantexperiences they'deverhad,regardlessofage.Andtwo-thirdssaidthattheywereofteninsituationswheretheirexperienceinmuseumsaffectedtheiractionsorthou ghts.Itturnsoutthatparticipatinginartprogramsalsohelpskeepteensenthusiasticaboutcultureevenaftert heyreachadulthood ： Ninety-sixpercentofparticipantshadvisitedanartmuseumwithinthelasttwoyears, and68percenthadvisitedanartmuseumfiveormoretimeswithinthelasttwoyears.Thirty-twopercentofalumniworkintheartsasadults.Thoughthestudyisthefirstofitskindtoexploretheimpactofteen-specificartprogramsinmuseums, itreflectsotherresearchontheimportantbenefitsofengagingwiththearts.AdecadeofsurveysbytheNatio nalEndowmentfortheArtsfoundthatthechildhoodexperiencewiththeartsissignificantlyassociatedwith peopleincomeandeducationalattainmentsC成就） 描述现在存在的情况，应用一般现在时。主语为custom,且与谓语动词之间是被动关系, 故用isobservedo observe在此处表示“遵守,奉行”。答案：isobservedasadults.Otherstudieshavelinkedartseducationtoeverythingfromlowerdropoutratestoimprovementin criticalthinkingskills.语篇解读研究发现，青少年参加的博物馆组织的艺术项目活动，对他们之后的生活产生 了积极的影响。1. Whyweretheresearchersaskedtoconductthestudy?A Tochangethecourseofalumni'slives.B. Tointroducetheartmuseums.C. Tofindouthoweffectivethelong- standingteenartprogramsare.D. Toinvitepeopletoparticipateintheartprograms.C考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的 “ askedresearcherstoconductastudytofindouthoweffectivetheirlong-standingteenartprogramsreally are"可知，让研究人员进行该研究是为了弄清楚长期存在的青少年艺术项目到底有多有效。 故选C。2. . WhatdothefiguresinParagraph3show?A. StudentsaremoreinfluencedbythefamilyandschooLB Teenartprogramsinmuseumsarehighlybeneficial.C.Manyteensfailtorealizethegreatvalueofartprograms.D. Mostexperiencesinmuseumsareboringfortodayteens.B考查推理判断。根据第三段的内容可知，75%的毕业生认为青少年艺术项目经历对他 们的生活的有利影响最大，超过了家庭、学校和社区；近55%的人认为这是他们一生中最 重要的经历之一，与年龄无关；三分之二的人说，他们在博物馆的经历常常会影响他们的行 为或思想。由此可推知该段中的数据表明博物馆的青少年艺术项目活动是非常有益的。故选 Bo 3. WhatdoesParagraph4tellusaboutartprograms?A. Theycreateadultswhoareculturallyaware.B. Theyareintendedtoattractmoreadults.C Theyaredesignedtosupportartmuseums.D Theyprovidemanyjobopportunitiesforadults.A考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"It turns out that participating in art program also helps keep teens enthusiastic about culture even after they reach adulthood”及其后的数据可知，参力艺术活动也有助于保持青少年对文化的热情，甚至到他们成年以后。由此可推知，艺术项目活 动培养出了对文化有兴趣的成年人。故选A。4. Whatdothestudiesmentionedinthelastparagraphhaveincommon?A Allsuggesttheneedtoimprovemuseumprograms.B , Allshowthegrowingpopularityofartprograms.C Allfocusonthelinkbetweenartandeducation.D Allprovethegoodeffectsofarteducation.D考查推理判断。根据最后一段第二句可知，美国国家艺术基金会为期十年的调查发 现，童年时期的艺术体验与人们成年后的收入和学业成就显著相关。由此可推知，最后一段 所提到的研究的共同之处在于，它们都证明了艺术教育对人的积极影响，与本段第一句表述 的内容相呼应。故选D。B（2020成都市高中毕业班第三次诊断） u Likeamonster, itdestroyseverything.That'showoneschoolgirldescribedatsunami（海啸）.OnDec.26,2004,amagnitudeearthquakeinlndonesiasetoffamassivetsunami.ltkilledmorethan290，000peopleacrossadozencountriesandcostanestimated$10billionindamage.Nov.5isWorldTsunamiAwarenessDayandattheUnitedNations，disasterriskreductionwashighontheagenda.Whatlcantellyouisthatthetsunamiwavecannotbestopped，saidBulgariansU . N.AmbassadorGeorgiVelikovPanayotov.HewasonvacationinThailandin2004an dsurvivedthetsunami. " Whatwecandoisbuildearlywarningsystemsand , ofcourse , educatethepopulationaboutthedamagingpowerofthetsunamiwave, “ hesaid.OnMarchll,2011，amagnitude9earthquakerockednortheastemJapantriggeringafiercetsunamithatalsodamagedtheFukushimaDaiic hinuclearplant, southofSendai.WhenthebigearthquakehitJapanin2011 ， peoplethoughtthatwewerepreparedforit ， ' saidJapan*sU . N.AmbassadorKoroBessho. " Itcausedseveredamage.Wehaddams ； wehaddrills.However, wehadbeencountingonsomethingthathitseverylOOyearsandtheearthquakewasofthesizeofpossiblyevery500yearsorthousandyears,hesaid.Thesetwoeventssentthecountriesoftheregionintooverdrivetoreviewandimprovedisasterprepare dness.In2015theSendaiFrameworkforDisasterRiskReductionwasborn.Itaimstohelpcreateabetterund erstandingofdisasterriskandimprovepreparednessforaneffectiveresponse.Indonesiaismadeupofthousandsofislandswhicharedisasterprone（灾 害 频 发区 ）.WillemRampangilei ， headoflndonesiaNationalBoardforDisasterManagement ， saidhisgovernmentnowhasplansforeverydisaster pronecity.Countriesatriskarealsoexpandingtheireducationprograms.Childrenfromanearlyagearetaughtho wtoreactincaseofatsunamiandthengowiththeirclassmatestohighergroundawayfromcoastalareastoav oidthewallsofwaterthetsunamitriggers.语篇解读本文主要介绍了两次海啸带来的灾难及人们面对海啸应该做什么，并说明一些 国家已在改进灾害防范准备工作以减少损害。5. WhatdoesGeorgiVelikovPanayotovmainlytalkabout?A. Thegeneralfeaturesofatsunami.B Waysforhumanstofaceatsunami.C Hissufferinginthe2004tsunami.D. Thelosscausedbythe2004tsunami.B考查细节理解。根据题干中的“Georgi Velikov Panayotov定位到第四段，根据 GeorgiVelikovPanayotov 所说的话“What I can tell you is that the tsunami wave cannot be stopped " Whatwecandoisbuildearlywarningsystemsand,ofcourse,educatethepopulationaboutthedamagingpowerofthetsunamiwave” 可知，他主要谈论的是人类面 对海啸的方式，故B项正确。6. InKoroBesshosopinion, whydidthe2011 earthquakecauseseveredamage?A Itcausedafiercetsunami.B. Itdestroyedanuclearplant.C Thesizewasbeyondexpectation.D Therewasnoeffectivedefensesystem.C考查细节理解。根据题干中的“Kor。Bessho”定位到第六段，根据该段中的 "Wehaddams；wehaddrills.However,wehadbeencountingonsomethingthathitseverylOOyearsandtheearthquakewasofthesizeofpossiblyev ery500yearsorthousandyears"可知，KoroBessho认为地震规模超出了预期，造成了严重破坏, 故C项正确。7. Whatcommonbeliefpusheddifferentcountriestotakeactiontofaceacomingtsunami?A. Childrenshouldbeprotectedbyallmeans.B , Theimprovementofpreparednesscanreducedamage.C. Properresponseincaseofatsunamicansaveonelife.D Strongermeasuresshouldbetakenindisaster proneareas.B考查细节理解。根据第七段第一句"These two events sent the countries of the region into overdrive to review and improve disaster preparedness”可知，这些地区的国家都认为改进防灾 准备工作可以减少损害，故B项正确。8. . Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A WorldTsunamiAwarenessDay8. NationsAttackedbyaMassiveTsunamiC TheUnpredictableandDestructiveDisasterD LearnfromDisasterstoPreventFutureOnesD考查标题判断。本文主要介绍了两次海啸带来的灾难及人们面对海啸应该做什么， 并说明一些国家已在改进防灾准备工作以减少损害。故D项“从灾难中学习以预防未来的 灾难”最适合作本文标题。II .完形填空 （2021 湖南省高三六校联考）DanaGendreau，46,anOhiomom,readinthenewspaperabouthighschoolfootballplayerswhocontinuedtotakethedespitenothaving foodtoeatathomeorevenaplacetocallhome.Immediately，shegotintouchwiththeheadfootballcoachatHughesHighSchooh ChrisMobley. BecauseherlO - year - oldsonalsoplayedfootball , sheknewhow 2 propemutritionisforathletessoshedecidedtostartbuyingfruitandhigh-proteinsnac ksfortheplayersatHughesHighSchooLShealso 3 otherparentsonherson'syouthfootballteamtoseei ftheywouldwantto 4. Theresponsewas 5. SinceSeptember ,Gendreauandtheotherparentshavebeenabletoprovidenearly$500ofgrocerieseachweekfortheHughesf ootballteam.SoonafterGendreaubeganorganizingthe 6, thehighschoolteambeganwinninggamessomethingMobley Z toGendreau'sgenerosity. " Practicesnowhavebeenfullof 8，”Mobleysaid. "I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau.vButGendreauremains 9 andsaidit'sjustherwayofpayingitforward.Whenshewaslittle,she 10 homelessnessherself,butone actfromhercoachshiftedherfocus. u Irememberoneofmycoachesgavemeafestivalgifto fmoneysolcould 12 apairofshoesforthesport ， ” shesaid. " Thatnever 13 me , thekindnesssheshowedme.Iknowthatnomatterwhat 14 inmylife ， lamgoingtohelpothers." Gendreaueventuallyhopesthisstorywill j 5 otherstofulfillneedsintheirowncommunities.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。一个妈妈在报纸上了解到一个高中足球队的队员们在没有 食物甚至没有家的情况下也继续上场比赛，于是她就为球队捐赠食物，并组织孩子球队的其 他父母进行食物捐献，她开始组织捐赠后不久，这个球队开始赢得比赛。这位妈妈也希望自 己的行为能够鼓励其他人去满足他们社区的需求。1. A.fieldB. chanceC. adviceD. riskA考查语境推断。根据语境可推知，当时报纸上说一个高中的足球队的队员们在没有 食物甚至没有家的情况下继续上场比赛。field “运动场”。|2. A.convenientB. expensiveC. signifcantD. sensitiveC 考查常识推断。根据常识可推知，适当的营养对运动员来讲是重要的。 significant “重要的”。3. A.contactedB. confusedC. conductedD. convincedA 考查语境推断。根据该句中的“to see if they would want to”和下句中的“The response”可推知，Gendreau也联系了她儿子球队的其他父母，看他们是否愿意加入，一起 给足球队提供食物。4. A.hangaroundB.joininC. showoffD.bringupB 考查语境推断。参见上题解析。D. enthusiastic5. A.disappointingB.integratedC. skepticalD 考查逻辑推断。根据下文“Gendreau and the other parents have been able to provide nearly $500 of groceries each week for the Hughes football team”可推知，其他父母反应热烈。 integrated "综合的，完整统一的"不符合语境。6. A.institutionsB. conferencesC. investigationsD. donationsD 考查逻辑推断。根据空前一句和下文中的“Gendreauk generosity”可推知，此处表示 Gendreau组织捐献活动。7. A.castsB. owesC. devotesD. pointsB 考查逻辑推断。根据下文“I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau”可推知，校足 球教练Mobley把校队赢得比赛归功于Gendreau的慷慨。oweto”把归功于”8. A.varietyB. peaceC. energyD. regretC 考查逻辑推断。联系上文可推知，由于Gendreau和其他父母所捐献的食物，队员 们现在不再缺少吃的了，因此训练时充满了能量。9. A.optimisticB. modestC. carefulD. reliableB 考查语境推断。根据该句中的“said it*s just her way of paying it forward”可推知, Gendreau对此很谦虚。modest ”谦虚的，谦逊的”。10. A.experiencedB. discoveredC. misunderstoodD. predictedA 考查语境推断。根据语境和下文表述的在Gendreau小时候，一个教练送给了她钱, 她才有钱买一双运动鞋可推知，Gendreau小的时候也遭受过无家可归。11. A.painfulB. braveC. awkwardD. kindD 考查同义复现。此处与下文“the kindness”呼应，表示一个教练的善行转移了 Gendreau当时的注意力。12. A.purchaseB. awardC. promiseD. deliverA考查语境推断。根据句中的“a festival gift of money”“so”可推知，一个教练送给了Gendreau钱，Gendreau才能买一双运动鞋。B warns13. A.touchesC. leavesD. chargesC 考查语境推断。根据语境和上文表述的Gendreau为一个高中校足球队捐赠食物可知，这种善意从来没有离开过Gendreau,无论她生活中发生什么事，她都会去帮助他人。B happensD. wandersB adviseD. stimulate14. A.failsC. restsB 参见上题解析。15. A.forceC. discourageD 考查语境推断。Gendreau希望这个故事能够激励他人去满足他们社区的需求。stimulate “激励”。川.语法填空(2020-云南省七校高考适应性考试三)Z)wz/z(7mstraditionalChinesecouplets(对联)，alsoknownasym/zort/wzzz.Accordingtotheusage ，itcanbe 1.(general) classifiedintoSpringFestivalcouplets , weddingcouplets , tradecouplets , socialcoupletsandentertainingor2.(humor)couplets.ThetraditionaIcoupletsvarygreatlyin3.(long).Theshortestonecontainsoneortwocharacters,andthelongestonecontainsseveralhundredcharacters,usually4.(find)onancientChinesebuildings.Acoupletmusthavethefollowingfeatures：5.numberofcharactersofonelineisequaltothatoftheotherlineandbothlineshavethesamesens egroups.,thewriterisexpectedtobegoodatsummarizationandChinese8.(produce)acoupletwithafewcharactersthatisexcellentinbothcontentandlanguage.Withtheculturalexchangesamongdifferentcountriesallovertheworld,Chinesecouplets9.(begin)tospreadtoVietnam，Japan, andSingaporeinthe20thcentury.Asaresult thecustomouttingupSpringFestivalcouplets 10.(observe)inthesecountriesatpresentaswel 1.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。以中国的对联为话题，介绍了对联的种类、特征及表达的 含义，且对联现在在其他一些国家也可看到。1 .解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填generally。答案：generally2 .解析：考查形容词。根据空前的entertaining和空后的couplets可知，此处应用形容 词作定语。答案：humorous3 .解析：考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示对联在长度上差别很大。varyinsth,"在 某方面有差异/不同”，空处应填名词形式length。答案：length4 .解析：考查非谓语动词。空处所在部分作后置定语修饰前面提到的“thekmgestone”, 主语与find之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词found。答案：found5 .解析：考查冠词。此处表达“的数量”，表示特指，故用定冠词the。答案：the6 .解析：考查介词。此处表示“借助于”，故用介词by构成bymeansof “借助手 段”短语。答案：by7 .解析：考查让步状语从句。无论作者想传达什么，他都得有好的概括力和驾驭汉语 的本领。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处所在的句子为让步状语从句，从句中的convey 是及物动词，故引导词作convey的宾语，此处表示“无论什么”，故只能填Whatever。答案：Whatever8 .解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句意可知，此处作目的状语，故填不定式。答案：reproduce9 .解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境以及后面的时间状语“in the 20th century”可知，谓 语动词应用一般过去时。答案：began10 .解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境以及时间状语“atpresent”可知，此处