英语强调句(经典必收藏).ppt

强调句作用强调句作用英文中常采用英文中常采用变换次序、加助动词或变换次序、加助动词或“It is It is.that.that”句型等方法来增强句子或句子中句型等方法来增强句子或句子中某些成分的语气。某些成分的语气。翻译翻译时一般要把强调语气适当用汉语表达时一般要把强调语气适当用汉语表达出来，在出来，在译文译文中可把中可把强调成分放在句首强调成分放在句首，也可以加上也可以加上“的确的确”“”“究竟究竟”“”“务必务必”“”“千万千万”“”“就是就是”“”“正是正是”等词来增强强调等词来增强强调语气。语气。1.1.用助动词用助动词“do/does/did+do/does/did+动词原形动词原形”表表强调强调2.2.用用very,just,the only,at all very,just,the only,at all 等词表强调等词表强调3.3.intheworld,onearth,ever等等用于用于疑问词疑问词后表强调后表强调4.4.用用感叹词感叹词表强调表强调5.5.用用倒装句倒装句表强调表强调6.6.soso作作“确实确实”表强调表强调7.7.用强调句型表强调用强调句型表强调1.1.用助动词用助动词“do/does/did+do/does/did+动词原形动词原形”表强调表强调改错：改错：He do work hard.does助动词随人称的数、时态变化助动词随人称的数、时态变化I I I I dodododo love you love you love you love you（我的确爱你）（我的确爱你）（我的确爱你）（我的确爱你）I I I I diddiddiddid love you love you love you love you（我的确曾经爱过你）（我的确曾经爱过你）（我的确曾经爱过你）（我的确曾经爱过你）He He He He doesdoesdoesdoes hate her(hate her(hate her(hate her(他真的恨她他真的恨她他真的恨她他真的恨她)X翻译：动词前加上助动词翻译：动词前加上助动词“do”，译成汉语时可以使用，译成汉语时可以使用 “的确的确”，“务必务必”，“确实确实”，“真的真的”,”一定一定”等词突出强调语气等词突出强调语气。2.2.用用very,just,the only,at all very,just,the only,at all 等词表强调等词表强调(1).This is the just book that Im looking for.(2).Have you read any of the report at all?到底翻译：译成汉语时可以使用翻译：译成汉语时可以使用 “的确的确”，“正是正是”，“只有只有”，“到底到底”等词突出强调语气等词突出强调语气。3.3.intheworld,onearth,ever等等用于疑问词后表强调用于疑问词后表强调(1).What on earth are you doing?(2).How in the world did she manage that?(3).When ever did you lost it?翻译：加在翻译：加在 what,where,who,why,how,等疑问词以及某些否定词和形等疑问词以及某些否定词和形容词最高级后面的容词最高级后面的 the devil,the hell,on earth,in heaven,the dickens等词组，可译成汉语等词组，可译成汉语“究竟究竟”“到底到底”“全然全然”“一点也一点也”“极极”等词。等词。4.4.用感叹词表强调用感叹词表强调What a life!这过的是什么日子啊！这过的是什么日子啊！感叹词：感叹词：what,howwhat,how省略了主谓语省略了主谓语要注意语序！要注意语序！5.5.用倒装句表强调用倒装句表强调 (1).On the table are some bowls.(2).Only in this way can you work out the problem.(3).Hardly had he left when it began to rain.No sooner than一一.就就6.so6.so作作“确实确实”表强调表强调,非倒装非倒装 (1).-You were invited to the party,werent you?-So I was.Id forgotten.(2).-He won the championship ten years ago.-So he did.v我们昨天在班会上选举他为班长。我们昨天在班会上选举他为班长。vWe elected him monitor at the class meeting yesterdayv主主 宾宾 宾补宾补 地状地状 时状时状v强调句型是英语中的一种重要的句子结构，它可以强调强调句型是英语中的一种重要的句子结构，它可以强调除谓除谓语之外语之外的其他成分，是英语学习者必须掌握的一种重要句型。的其他成分，是英语学习者必须掌握的一种重要句型。强调句强调句It is(was)+被强调部分被强调部分+that(who)+其余部分其余部分1.强调句可强调主语，宾语，状语等。强调句可强调主语，宾语，状语等。2.引导词引导词that/who/whom,3.be动词动词:is,wasPay attention！7.7.用强调句型表强调用强调句型表强调强调句型强调句型It is/was+被强调部分that/who+其他部分 I saw him on the street last night.IIt was It was I I that/who saw him on the street last night.that/who saw him on the street last night.himIt was It was himhim that/who I saw on the street last night.that/who I saw on the street last night.on the streetIt was It was on the streeton the street that I saw him last night.that I saw him last night.last nightIt was It was lastlast nightnight that I saw him on the street.that I saw him on the street.被强调部分为主语时，被强调部分为主语时，“被强调部分被强调部分”用用主格主格；被强调部分为宾语时，被强调部分为宾语时，“被强调部分被强调部分”用用宾格宾格。u u被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是作宾语的代词，用宾格。作宾语的代词，用宾格。作宾语的代词，用宾格。作宾语的代词，用宾格。He helped me yesterday He helped me yesterday He helped me yesterday He helped me yesterday It was It was It was It was he he he he that helped me yesterday.that helped me yesterday.that helped me yesterday.that helped me yesterday.It was It was It was It was memememe that he helped yesterday.that he helped yesterday.that he helped yesterday.that he helped yesterday.u u如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应提前。提前。提前。提前。It was from himIt was from himIt was from himIt was from him，his Chinese teacherhis Chinese teacherhis Chinese teacherhis Chinese teacher，that Paul learned to watch carefully that Paul learned to watch carefully that Paul learned to watch carefully that Paul learned to watch carefully in classin classin classin classIdidntrecognizehimuntilhetookoffhisdarkglasses.强调句型强调句型强调句型强调句型It was not until he took his dark glasses that I recognized him.倒装句倒装句倒装句倒装句Not until did he take off his dark Not until did he take off his dark glasses that I recognized him.glasses that I recognized him.Not until he took off his dark Not until he took off his dark glasses did I recognize him.glasses did I recognize him.Pay attention！倒装句一般在主句倒装倒装句一般在主句倒装vv1.1.一一般疑问句般疑问句的强调形式的强调形式vv2.2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句的强调句式的强调句式vv3.3.反意疑问句反意疑问句的强调句式的强调句式vv4.4.感叹句感叹句的强调句式的强调句式vv5.5.省略句省略句的强调句式的强调句式Was it in 1939 that the Second World War Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?broke out?It was in 1939 that the Second World War It was in 1939 that the Second World War broke out.broke out.强调句型的一般疑问句强调句型的一般疑问句It is Professor Wang who teaches your English.It is Professor Wang who teaches your English.Is it Professor Wang who teaches your Is it Professor Wang who teaches your English?English?一般疑问句的强调一般疑问句的强调IsWasit+被强调成分被强调成分+whothat（引导的陈引导的陈述句）述句）.？（1）Didyoumeetyourbrotherattheschoolgate?Wasityourbrotherthatyoumetattheschoolgate?(强调宾语强调宾语)（2）DoesTomwalktoschooleveryday?IsitTomwhowalkstoschooleveryday?(强调强调主语主语)Whowasitthatbrokeoutthewindow?Whowasitthatbrokeoutthewindow?Whenwasitthatyoucalledme?Whenwasitthatyoucalledme?Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?Howwasitthatyousucceed?Howwasitthatyousucceed?WhyisitthatsmokingisntallowedWhyisitthatsmokingisntallowedhere?here?特殊疑问句的强调特殊疑问句的强调特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+is+iswas it+thatwas it+that（引导的陈述句）（引导的陈述句）.？WhereWhere did you see her pen yesterday?did you see her pen yesterday?WhereWhere was itwas it thatthat you saw her pen yesterday?you saw her pen yesterday?（强调特殊疑问词（强调特殊疑问词wherewhere）It was in the house that he was born.It was in the house that he was born.区分强调句和定语从句区分强调句和定语从句It was the house where he was born.It was the house where he was born.It was at midnight that he got sick.It was at midnight that he got sick.It was midnight when he got sick.It was midnight when he got sick.强调句强调句定语从句定语从句强调句强调句定语从句定语从句区分方法：区分方法：区分方法：区分方法：将句子中的将句子中的将句子中的将句子中的“It was that(when/where)”It was that(when/where)”结构去结构去结构去结构去掉：掉：掉：掉：如若如若还还能成完整的句子，则为能成完整的句子，则为强调句强调句；如若如若不不能成完整的句子，则为能成完整的句子，则为定语从句定语从句。Itwasinthesmallhouse_wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather_hespenthischildhood.A.which;thatB.that;whereC.which;whichD.that;which简析析：本：本题含含义为“是在是在这间小房子里他度小房子里他度过了童年了童年”，thesmallhouse作先行作先行词，其后的定，其后的定语从句缺做主从句缺做主语的关系代的关系代词；第二空所缺的；第二空所缺的应是是强强调句型中的句型中的结构构词that,故答案故答案选A。再如：。再如：Itwasplayingcomputergamesthatcosttheboyplentyoftimethatheoughttohavespentdoinghislessons.简析析：划：划线部分作定部分作定语从句修从句修饰先行先行词time。本。本题中有两中有两个个that，最大的，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是是强强调句型中的；第二个句型中的；第二个that是关系代是关系代词引引导定定语从句的。因其从句的。因其作作spent的的宾语，可以省去。，可以省去。vIs_threehours_theboy_familyispoortocometoschoolonfoot?vA.it;that;whoseB.it;thatittakes;whosevC.itfor;thatittakes;whose D.it;when;that;v简析析：本：本题结构复构复杂，是定，是定语从句、从句、强强调句型的一般句型的一般问句句形式和句式形式和句式Ittakessbsometimetodosth.的糅合。我的糅合。我们也分也分几步来看几步来看这个句子：个句子：v第一步：基本句式第一步：基本句式Ittakestheboythreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第二步：以第二步：以theboy为先行先行词，后面附上定，后面附上定语从句，从句，则变为：Ittakestheboywhosefamilyispoorthreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第三步：用第三步：用强强调句型句型对上句中的划上句中的划线部分部分进行行强强调，则变为：Itisthreehoursthatittakestheboywhosefamilyispoortocometoschoolonfoot.第四步：将上句第四步：将上句变为一般疑一般疑问句即是句即是该题，经对比可知答比可知答案案应为B。Itisintheroom_wewillhaveameeting.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there去掉去掉Itisthat句子为句子为Wewillhaveameetingintheroom句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型.。强调句型中的强调句型中的bebe动词和情态动词的结合动词和情态动词的结合句式特征句式特征:It may be+It may be+被强调部分被强调部分+that+that It must have been+It must have been+被强调部分被强调部分+that+that Would/Could it be+Would/Could it be+被强调部分被强调部分+that+that?(1).ItmighthavebeenJohnboughtanewbookforMaryyesterday.A.whatB.sinceC.thatD.then (2)Itmaybenextweek_sheleavesforTokyo.c cthat that 2.Coulditbeintherestaurantin_youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday_youlostyourhandbagA.that;whichB.which;thatC.where;thatD.that;where 这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词应用关系代词which；第二个空；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为分句。故答案为BBB 使用本句型的几个注意事项被强调成分是主语，whothat之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。It is I who am rightIt is he who is wrongIt is the students that are lovely 被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用wholtwasthethingsandpeoplethattheyrememberedthattheyweretalkingabout 强调句型的反意疑问句形式强调句型的反意疑问句形式句式特征为：句式特征为：It is/was+It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that+that，isnisnt/t/wasnwasnt itt it？It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital,_?to the hospital,_?A.do they B.didnA.do they B.didnt they C.wasnt they C.wasnt it D.t it D.was itwas it 简析简析：答案：答案C.C.此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语中的主语itit保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定前肯定后否定”的原则。的原则。强调句型的感叹句形式强调句型的感叹句形式句式特征为句式特征为：what/how what/how it is(that)+it is(that)+主语主语 +谓语！谓语！（1）Whatabeautifulpictureitis(that)youhavedrawn!（2）Howbeautifulitis(that)yourdaughteris!强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别：强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别：(1)Itwasin1921thatourPartywasfounded.(强调句式强调句式)(2)Itwas1921whenourPartywasfounded.(定语从句定语从句)即：强调时间或地点时有介词置于其前时，则连接词用即：强调时间或地点时有介词置于其前时，则连接词用that。其前面应有介词而被省去时，则用连接词。其前面应有介词而被省去时，则用连接词when（时（时间）或间）或where(地点地点)。(3)Itwasonthefarmthatwepractisedplantingcrops.(4)Itwasthefarmwherewelearnedalot.但是应注意，有些表示时间或地点的词汇及短语本身不需但是应注意，有些表示时间或地点的词汇及短语本身不需要在其前面加介词，故其连词也只能是要在其前面加介词，故其连词也只能是that,而不是而不是when或或where。再如：。再如：(5)Itwasyesterdaythatwechattedalotonline.(6)ItwastherethatMikewasdrownedyesterday.主谓一致与比较结构主谓一致与比较结构1 1It was not luck but difficulties that It was not luck but difficulties that him him success.A.makes B.makesuccess.A.makes B.make2 2Personally I think it is the sales manager,rather Personally I think it is the sales manager,rather than the sales girls,who than the sales girls,who to blame.A.to blame.A.is B.are is B.are 句式结构为：句式结构为：It is/was notIt is/was notbutbutthatthat;不是不是而是而是（thatthat后的动后的动词与词与 后的名词或代词保持一致）后的名词或代词保持一致）It is/was It is/was rather than rather than that that;是是而不是而不是(that(that后的动词应与后的动词应与rather than rather than 的名的名词或代词保持一致词或代词保持一致)but前面前面在在强强调句型中，有句型中，有时也考察用也考察用ratherthan，notbut等等连接的平行接的平行对比比结构，此构，此时既要注重比既要注重比较结构，又要构，又要注意主注意主谓一致，属于一致，属于较复复杂的句式。的句式。句式特征句式特征为：Itis/wasnotbutthat;不是不是而是而是（that后的后的动词与与but后后的名的名词或代或代词保持一致）保持一致）Itis/wasnotthat;或者：或者：Itis/wasthatnot;是是而不是而不是（that后的后的动词应与与not前前的名的名词或代或代词保持一致）保持一致）Itis/wasratherthanthat;是是而不是而不是(that后后的的动词应与与ratherthan前前的名的名词或代或代词保持一致保持一致)vItisnothelpbutobstaclesthatmakeaman.v简析析：本句：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力阻力”。注意。注意obstacles和和make形成主形成主谓一致关系。一致关系。vPersonallyIthinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirls,_toblame.vA.isB.thatisC.areD.whoarev简析析：此句被：此句被强强调部分中的部分中的thesalesmanager，通通过ratherthan与与thesalesgirls形成比形成比较结构，再考构，再考虑到主到主谓一致的原一致的原则，应选B。(NMET2000,24)Itistheabilitytodothejob_mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it简析析：本：本题答案答案选B。在本。在本题中被中被强强调部分部分theabilitytodothejob与与notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare形成比形成比较结构，构，theabilitytodothejob与与matters形成主形成主谓一致关系。当然本一致关系。当然本题还可可说成：成：Itistheabilitytodothejobnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouarethatmatters.但但这样就就显得句子重心不得句子重心不稳，结构不合理。构不合理。vItisthepreventionofdiseaseratherthanitssuccessfultreatmentthathasledtotherapidincreaseoftheworldspopulation.v简析析：本句中被：本句中被强强调部分部分为对比比结构，含构，含义为“导致世界人口快速增致世界人口快速增长的原因是的原因是对疾病的疾病的预防而防而非非对疾病的成功治疾病的成功治疗。”当然当然hasledto的主的主语应是是thepreventionofdisease。强调句型和名词性从句的结合强调句型和名词性从句的结合句式特征为句式特征为:整个强调句型用作名词性从句整个强调句型用作名词性从句;或者在强调句型或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。中含有名词性从句。Ive already forgotten _you put the dictionary.A.that it was there B.where was it thatC.that where it was D.where it was that简析简析：本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，：本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。第一步，复原第一步，复原It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.第二步，对划线部分提问第二步，对划线部分提问Where was it that you put the dictionary?第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则的宾语从句则变为：变为：Ive already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary.与原题对比，答案应为与原题对比，答案应为D。再看一个再看一个强强调句型中含有同位句型中含有同位语从句的例子：从句的例子：Itwasattheverybeginning_Mr.Foxmadethedecision_weshouldsendmorefirefightersthere.A.when;whichB.where;whatC.then;soD.that;that简析析：本：本题答案答案为D。第一个第一个that为强强调句型中句型中的的that；第二个；第二个that引引导同位同位语从句，从句，说明明thedecision的内容。的内容。强调句型的省略形式强调句型的省略形式句式特征句式特征为:在一定的上下文中，在一定的上下文中，强强调句型的某个部分句型的某个部分可以省略。作可以省略。作题时要特要特别注意将其复原并加以比注意将其复原并加以比较。Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?_thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare简析析：强强调句型在具体的句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式境中省略，其完整形式应是：是：Itisthechildrenwhoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.。答案。答案为A。(2)“It be+时间段时间段+since”句型。如果句型。如果since和延续性和延续性动词连用，则意为动词连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和；如和短暂动词连用，则为短暂动词连用，则为“某人做某事已有多久了某人做某事已有多久了”。如：。如：It is two months since he fell ill.他病了两个月了。他病了两个月了。It is two months since he was ill.他病好已经两个他病好已经两个(3)It be+时间段时间段+before句型句型 表示表示“多久后某事发生多久后某事发生”。It was a long time before they met again.很长时间后他们才很长时间后他们才见面。见面。（4）“It bewhen”句型句型 表示表示“某事发生时正是某事发生时正是时时候候”It was 1949 when the PRC was founded.试比较强调句型句：试比较强调句型句：It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded.(去掉去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子后仍是一个完整的句子)高考题回放高考题回放1.It is the ability to do the job _matters,not where you come from or what you are.A.one B.that C.what D.it2.It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty.A.unti B.that C.then D.so3.It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A.that B.until C.before D.when4.It was because of bad weather_the football match had to be put off.(2003)A.so B.so that C.why D.that1.It was _ he said _ disappointed me.A.that/what B.what/that C.what/what D.that/that 2.It was in the factory_ produced TV sets _ our friend was murdered.A.which/which B.that/which C.that/that D.where/that 课堂练习3.Was it during the Second War _he died?A.that B.while C.in which D.then4.Who _ helped you work out the math problem?A.was he B.it was who C.Was it that D.it was5.It was not until she had arrived home _ her appointment with the doctor.A.did she remember B.that she remembered C.when she remembered D.had she remembered6.Where was it _ the road accident happened yesterday?A.when B.thatC.Which D.how7.Was it for this reason _ her uncle moved out of London and settled down in a small village.A.which B.why C.that D.how8.Was it at the school _ was named HERO_ he spent his childhood.A.that;who B.which;thatC.where;that D.that;whichExercises1.-Wherewasyoupickedupthewallet-Justneartheschoolgate.A.itB.itthatC.theplaceD.theplacethat2.Imustfindoutwhysomanystudentsmadethesamemistake.A.isitthatB.wasitwhichC.itiswhatD.itwasthat3.Howmanyyearsisit_yoursistercametoworkhere A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.until4.Isitinthefactoryyouvisitedlastweekthiskindofcarismade A.thatB.wherewhenC.wherethatD.when5.Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that6.Itwashisremarksleftmewonderingabouthisrealpurpose.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that7.-Wasitin1969_theAmericanastronautsucceeded_landingonthemoon-Quiteright.A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;in8.Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastsbegan.A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since9.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It10.wasin1979Igraduatedfromtheuniversity.A.That;thatB.It;thatC.That;whenD.It;when11.ItwasforthisreasonherunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how12.Itistheprotectionforthetreesreallymattersratherthan