新思维综合英语课程辅导unit.ppt
新思维综合英语(3)课程辅导unit1(15)巴州电大冯晓梅2011年新思维综合英语新思维综合英语第三册的设计特点和教学第三册的设计特点和教学理念理念v1在注重听说技能训练的同时,加强读写技能的训练。v2全书共12个学习单元,2个复习单元。每个学习单元包括5课学习内容:三个语言输入(理解性)训练课,即阅读课、对话课、语言功能和语法结构分项训练课;两个语言输出(产出或运用性)训练课,即YourTurn和OnYourOwn,前者是口头输出即口语训练,后者是书面输出即写作训练。v3理解和运用并重。阅读训练、听力训练与口头交际和写作练习紧密结合。Lesson 1Arctic Adventuresv课文背景、主题和结构课文背景、主题和结构ThisisastoryaboutSusanButcher,averybraveadventurer,andheradventuresintheArcticlandwithhersleddogs.TogethertheymanagedtowintheIditarodSledDogRacefourtimes.Andofcourse,theyhaveexperiencedsomelifethreateningmoments.v课文着重描述了SusanButcher和她的雪橇狗儿们在Iditarod比赛中的两次历险经历。v首尾两个自然段遥相呼应,突出SusanButcher不畏艰难困苦不屈不挠赢得四次比赛的拼搏精神v课文可分四段:第一自然段为第一段,点出SusanButcher四次赢得Iditarod雪橇比赛,并多次战胜死亡的威胁。第二八自然段为第二段,介绍了Susan和她的雪橇狗跟一头母驼鹿拼死搏斗的危险经历。第九十一自然段为第三段,介绍了Susan和她的雪橇狗从刺骨的寒冰中摆脱困境获得重生的另外一次危险经历。第十二(最后一个)自然段为第四段,重申了SusanButcher和她的雪橇狗儿们克服重重困难、摆脱生命危险赢得了四次Iditarod雪橇比赛的感人经历。vFocus Questions1.WhydidButcherstophersledteaminoneblacknightduringtherace?2.HowlonghasSusanbeenworkingwithherteam?3.WhatweapondidSusanlookforfirstwhenthemoosebegantoinjurethedogs?4.WhatkindofcomplexfeelingdidSusanhavewhileshewasfightingthemoose?5.HowmanyofSusansdogswereinjuredaltogether?6.HowmanytimeshaveSusanwontheIditarodSledDogRace?vLanguage points in the text文章第一自然段,即第一段,点出了SusanButcher四次赢得Iditarod雪橇比赛,并多次战胜死亡的威胁。vNotonlyhaveSusanButcherandhersleddogswontheIditarodSledDogRaceonfouroccasions,buttheyvealsobeatendeath.前半句是倒装语序。vNotonlybutalso不仅而且Onfouroccasions=fourtimes,四次。Beat,打击,击败。beatendeath=foughtagainstanddefeateddeath.第二自然段开始叙述Susan和她的雪橇狗跟一头母驼鹿拼死搏斗的危险经vSusanButchercalledhersledteamtoaquickhaltintheblackofnightabout150milesoutofAnchorage.vCalltoahalt,stop.停止,停下,(让)停下来。Whentheyhadalmostreachedtherobberscamp,theofficercalledthepolicepatroltoahalt.Intheblackofnight=inthemiddleofthenight.vAcowmoosestoodblockingthetrailahead.vcowmoose即femalemoose.此处,cow是性别标记。v类似的用法还有bull这个词。例如:bullmoose,雄驼鹿;bullelephant,雄象;cowelephant,雌象。Blockingthetrailahead,现在分词短语,做谓语动词stand(stood)的伴随状语。v第三自然段是Susan的心理活动:“Thishashappenedbefore,”Butcherthought,optimistically.“Welldealwithit.”表现出一股乐观应对一切的勇敢精神v第四自然段简单介绍这次IditarodSledDogRace.中,Susan和她的狗儿们前半段的优秀成绩.vButcherhadalreadysetanewtimerecordforthefirstlegofthetrip,andherchancesofwinninghadneverbeenbetter.在第一段赛程上Butcher已经创下了一个新的时间记录,她几乎是稳操胜券了。vSetarecord,创造记录。vthefirstlegofthetrip,第一段路程。vButcherwouldgivethisoneallofthetimesheneededtomove.看来Butcher要把赶路的时间花在对付这头驼鹿的身上了。情态动词would在句子中表示作者的猜测推断。v第五自然段描述了Susan跟驼鹿的第一次交锋。Themooseturnedandchargedstraightintothedogteam.驼鹿转身向着狗队扑了上来。vCharge,收费,要价;袭击,出击。攻击。Whenthesoldierscharged,theenemytroopsturnedandran.vReachfor,伸手拿、伸手够或取(某物)。vHereachedouthishandfortheknife,butitwastoofaraway.vWithouthesitation,shegrabbedtheax,andinherwords,“wentafterthemoose.”v这句话相当于:Withoutstoppingtothinkifitwouldbedangerous,shepickeduptheaxandrushedtoattackthemoose.v她毫不犹豫地一把抓起斧头,用她的话来说,“冲向驼鹿”。Incredibly,shesucceededindrivingtheanimaloutofherteam,butnotbeforesomeofherdogshadbeenseverelyinjured.这句话相当于Bythetimeshemanagedtochasethemooseawayfromherdogs,ithadseriouslyinjuredsomeofthem.Thisisunbelievable.她竟然把驼鹿从狗队里赶了出来,但是几只狗已经严重受伤.v第六自然段描述了Butcher在和驼鹿搏斗时的复杂心情(愤怒与同情)。vInsteadofleaving,however,themoosechargedbackintotheteam.这句话相当于Themoosedidntgoaway,butattackedthedogsagain.vInsteadof不是而是OnMondaymorning,instead ofgoingtoworkasusual,hewentforawalkinthepark.周一早上,他没有去上班,而是去公园散步了。vButcherapproachedthemoose,swingingherax.Butcher再次挥舞着斧头,逼向驼鹿。Approach,走近、靠近;逼近。vThiswasnotsimplyavaluableteamandherbestchanceofawin,thesedogswereherclosestfriends,herbestchanceofawin,她获胜的最佳希望。Win即可以做动词也可以做名词。vInsympathywith同情;赞同。vOnthatpoint,Imin sympathy withMr.Johnson.vShessoskinny.Shemustbestarvingtodeath.它竟然如此骨瘦如柴,一定快饿死了。vSkinny,皮包骨的,瘦削的。vMust在这里表示推测。例如:Hemusthavefinishedhishomework,otherwisehewouldntbeplayingoutsidenow.他一定是完成家庭作业了,否则现在就不会再外面玩耍。vVerylikelyitwasstarvationthatmadethismoosebehaveasshedid.相当于Themooseprobablydidwhatshedidbecauseshewasdesperateforfood.很可能是由于饥饿,它才这么饥不择食的。vShemayhaveperceivedthedogteamtobeapackofwolves.即She(themoose)mayhavethoughtthatthedogswereagroupofwolves.它很可能把这只狗队当作一群野狼。vvapackof,一群。英语中表示“一群”不同的动物,往往用不同的词语,v如:aflockofsheeporbirds,一群羊或鸟vaherdofcowsorgoats,一群牛或山羊vaswarmofbeesorwasporflies,一群蜜蜂、黄蜂或苍蝇。vHerinstinctsmayhavetoldherthatshewastooweaktoescapebyrunning.也许它的本能告诉它,自己太虚弱,一定无法逃脱。v情态动词may+havedonesth.表示对过去事情可能性的猜测。vDriveoff,驱赶,赶跑。ItwassodifficulttodriveoffthedogwhenIwasatthegate.v第七和第八自然段描述了在紧要关头,参加比赛的其他队友出现了,并射杀了驼鹿。遗憾的是,Butcher的雪橇狗有两只死亡,十三只受到了伤害。vSheyelledlongbeforeherfellowmushergotcloseenoughtobeindanger.vlongbefore,在之前很久。v它与beforelong(soon,不久,很快)是有区别的。Indanger,处于危险境地。vMyfriendswereroundme.Iwasin no danger.vItwastoolatetosaveButchersteamforthisrace.这句话相当于TheothermushercametoolatetosaveButchersteam.Sotherewasnttimeforherteamtorecoverandfinishtherace.v第九十一自然段描述了Butcher在刺骨的寒冰中逃生的另一次危险经历。vButcherriskedherlifewhenshedecidedtomushacross40milesofseaice.Riskoneslifetodosth.冒着生命危险去做某事。vRiskdoingsth.冒险做某事。vAcross,横穿,穿过(指从表面上)。区别:through,通过,穿过(指从内部)。v分句thatshehadbeentoldtoavoid做前面thecliffs的定语从句。vRoller-coaster,过山车。Roller-coastersensation,象过山车那样的惊险刺激的感觉。vTheicebillowedupward,thenfellapartasitdroppedbackdowndumpingdogs,sled,andButcherinto30feetofwatersocolditcanbesurvivedforonlyminutes.v意思是Theicemovedupwardslikeabigwave,andthenbrokeinpiecesasitcamedownagain.ThisthrewButchertogetherwithherdogsandequipmentintowater30feetdeep.Thewaterwassocoldthatyou(will)dieifyoustayinitformorethanaveryfewminutes.v后半部分socolditcanbesurvivedforonlyminutes相当于形容词,做30feetofwater的后置定语。其中用了can而不是could,表示作者强调说明的是这样的一个事实,重心不在于这件事是否发生在过去.vUnwillingtodosth.不情愿做某事。vWithease,轻松地,轻松自如地。Water-resistant,防水的。vSoakedtotheskin,completelywet,湿透了。当用衣服等做句子主语时,也可以用soakedthrough或soakingwet等用法。v如:Herclothesweresoaking wet/soaked through.Hypothermia,体温过低。vShehandledwithitwithhertypicaloptimisticattitude,runningbehindthesledtogetwarm.她用她那一贯的乐观态度泰然处之,在雪橇后面跑来跑去来取暖v最后一自然段重申了SusanButcher和她的雪橇狗儿们克服重重困难、摆脱生命危险赢得了四次Iditarod雪橇比赛的感人经历,她是一位真正的冒险家。vOvercome,克服,攻克。vLife-threateningsituations,威胁生命的情景。vShethoroughlyenjoyswinningagainstincredibleodds.即Shereallylikeswinningwhenthereseemsalmostnochanceofwinning.vOdds,可能性、命运。v例如:Theoddsaretentoonethatherhorsewillwintherace.她的马获胜的可能性是十分之一。v整篇课文读起来一气呵成,扣人心弦。作者通过营造紧张的气氛把读者的兴奋点始终集中在Butcher和她的雪橇狗儿们两次顽强拼搏的危险经历上。v而这样的紧张气氛是靠什么来营造的呢?靠作者匠心独到的谴词造句。v例如,极具渲染气氛的词语的运用(动词、形容词、副词):vturn,charge,grab,approach,swing,billow,fallapart,drop,dump;eager,best,dangerous,valuable,skinny,optimistic,typical,terrible,life-threatening;optimistically,highly,straight;incredibly,severely,oddly,suddenly,instinctively,thoroughly,etc.v在阅读欣赏这类记叙文的时候,一定要培养以下两点。一、抓住文章结构,根据结构搞清文章的主要内容;二、体会文章谴词造句的特点,通过语言特色理解文章的情感色彩。Answers to the Focus Questions v1.Why did Butcher stop her sled team in one black night during the race?Shesawafemalemoosestandinginherwayahead.v2.How long has Susan been working with her team?Shesbeenworkingwiththemforsevenyears.v3.What kind of complex feeling did Susan have while she was fighting the moose?A.desperateB.sympatheticC.angryD.friendlyv4.How many of Susans dogs were injured altogether?Twodead,andthirteeninjured.v5.How many times have Susan won the Iditarod Sled Dog Race?Four.Lesson 2You made it!vMegHarmerdecidedtoenterthe“RunforYourLife”marathoneventhoughshedonlybeenrunningfortwoweekswhenshesignedup.vShewasthelastrunnertofinishtheraceandwasinterviewedbyaTVreporter.Focus Questionsv1HowlonghadMegbeenpracticingrunningbeforeshesignedupfortherace.v2WhathappenedtoMegwhenshewasatabout3miles?v3WhydidMegentertherace?HowdidMegfeelwhenshefinishedtherace?Language points in the dialoguev学习本课,需要注意现在完成时、一般过去时、过去完成时、过去完成进行时之间的区别。vYoumadeit!相当于Youfinished!或Youdidit!常常用在别人成功地完成了某事之后表示祝贺或赞赏。vTomakeit,成功地完成了某事。vTomakeittosomewhere,表示到达某地。v如:Ifyoucanmake it to Guangzhousomeday,dontforgettogivemeacall.vItsnoteveryonewhocomesinlast.比较幽默的话。相当于Imspecialbecausenooneelsefinishedtheracelast.Imtheonlyone.vYoulookprettytired.Pretty,第一册已经学习过,不是“漂亮,美丽”的意思,而是用来表示程度或数量,“很、相当、非常”。v如:Prettysoon,youllbeabletospeakfluentEnglish.vItwastoosoontoenterarace.复习tooto由于只练习了两个星期,所以说练习的时间太短,不应该参加比赛。vYoucertainlyshowedthem!跟前文结合起来,这句话实际上相当于Youcertainlyshowedthemthattheywerewrong.vDropout,掉队,辍学,放弃。vMaryhasdroppedoutofschoolfortwomonths.vThatwasakiller.夸张的说法,与汉语中的“真要命”异曲同工。vIguessIshouldsay即Itsprobablyappropriateformetosay也许我该说这样说的时候往往带有说话人的心理活动,可能将要说的话有些勉强或者起弱化作用。vCongratulationsforhanginginthere.这里,hanginginthere表示Meg努力坚持到长跑比赛最后的毅力和恒心。Answers to the Focus Questionsv1.How long had Meg been practicing running before she signed up for the race?Twoweeks.v2.What happened to Meg when she was at about 3 miles?Shegotapaininherside.v3.Why did Meg enter the race?Shewantedtoseeifshecouldmakeitthroughsucharace.v4.How did Meg feel when she finished the race?Shewasveryexcitedthatshemadeit.Lesson 5On your ownvWriteastoryforanewspapercolumncalled“SliceofLife”,astoryaboutsomeoneonthetrainyouknowwell.v写作基本步骤写作基本步骤进行写作训练,是一个需要花费漫长的工夫认真锻炼才能完成的任务,决非一蹴而就可以妙笔生花的。在本课中,介绍一些写作基本步骤。一、确定主题。一、确定主题。v做事情不能没有目的,写文章不能没有主题。一篇文章作者要告诉读者什么,反映什么思想,提出什么主张,要心中有数,否则文章会杂乱无章。v例如,本课的第一个写作题目,要求Writeastoryaboutsomeoneyouknowwell.这样,你就需要抓住你要写的这个人的最重要的特点,他有什么特长?有什么特别的故事?最近发生了什么事情?他的性格怎么样?是可恨、可爱、值得尊敬、应该遭受唾弃?等等。v关于这个人,你可能知道很多事情,但是在短短的作文中,自然不可能面面俱到,这样就需要首先确定你要表达的主题:介绍他勤劳勇敢、吃苦耐劳的一面,还是好逸恶劳、好吃懒做的一面?二、选取素材。二、选取素材。v主题确定之后,就要围绕主题选取相关的素材。材料越丰富,文章就会越生动,才会言之有物.v写文章所选的材料要有代表性,且必须具有说服力,这样读者才会信服。同时材料还应充实。v比如,本课里的第二个写作题目,要求根据图画进行写作。v这样,在读懂了图画中所给的信息后,就需要根据自己确定的主题以及图画所示,选择具有充分说服力和感染力的素材,为你的主题服务。三、制定提纲三、制定提纲v写好提纲是一篇文章成败与否的关键。确定了文章要表达的主题并大致选择好可能要用到的素材之后,重要的任务就是制定写作提纲了.v材料如何组织,用什么方式与读者交流才能达到最佳效果,如何充分表达主题等都需要认真考虑。然后将所有这些加以条理化,作为写作时的依据和参考,这就是提纲。v写提纲要主题突出,层次清楚,这样写出的文章段落才能衔接紧凑,过渡自然,浑然一体,读者才会感到文章的美和强有力的说服力。四、打草稿。四、打草稿。v有了提纲,就可以着手写作了。一般讲,文章有三个基本组成部分:开头、主体和结尾。v开头一般用于向读者交代文章的中心思想和主题,即破题。主体即正文,是主题的展开与深化。结尾则是对主题的概括与总结等。v五、反复修改。五、反复修改。一稿完后,不要忙于抄写,要多思考多修改几遍。检查时,要看看选词是否恰当,句子是否得体,也要注意是否有拼写、语法、标点等错误。好的文章都是多次修改的结果。Wrap-up tips主要语言功能:主要语言功能:vHowtotalkaboutadecision如何谈论做决定vHowtotellastoryortalkaboutapastexperience如何讲述故事或谈论过去的经历vHowtoemphasizesth.如何强调某事vHowtogiveareactiontosth如何对某事做出反应vLearntowritesomeshortstories学习故事写作短语或词组短语或词组vnotonly,butalso不仅而且todealwith应付,应对;处理tobeeagertodosth迫切希望做某事tosetarecord创记录tosucceedindoingsth成功地做某事insteadof代替,而不是tobeinsympathywith同情toperceivetobe以为是,看做todriveoff驱赶,赶走indanger处于危险中vtofallapart破碎,破裂tobesoakedtotheskin浑身湿透了tohandlewith处理,应对toosoontodosth做某事太仓促todropout退出;辍学tomakeit到达;赶上;成功v进入http:/v新思维综合英语3的网络课程