八年级英语不定式课件.ppt

to+to+to+to+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形 ，其否定形式是，其否定形式是，其否定形式是，其否定形式是“not/nevernot/nevernot/nevernot/never to to to to dodododo”/not do./not do./not do./not do.不定式可以不定式可以不定式可以不定式可以带宾语或状语带宾语或状语带宾语或状语带宾语或状语构成不构成不构成不构成不定式短语，定式短语，定式短语，定式短语，没有人称和数没有人称和数没有人称和数没有人称和数的变的变的变的变化。化。化。化。不定式的构成不定式的构成:一一.不定式的句法功能不定式的句法功能1.Its very common to raise money in Canadian and American school.(做主语)不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构,这时 it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置.往往放v.和adj.之后.e.g.To learn English well is not easy.=Its not easy to learn English well.不定式的逻辑主语有时用不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for+名词名词或代词宾格或代词宾格”构成。构成。Its+adj for/of sb to do sth.of/for?Its difficult_ me to work out the maths problem.forYou are kind to help me.Its kind _you to help meofnice,kind,good,silly,clever,wrong,honesyeasy hard difficult interesting exciting boring .1.Its very nice of them _(send)me the flowers.2._(become)a teacher is my dream.3.Its very important to learn English well.(同义句转换同义句转换)_ _ English well _ very important.4.Its important _Chinese well.A.to learn B.learn B.C.learning D.learns2.The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.(做表语做表语)表语是用来表示主语的身份表语是用来表示主语的身份,状态和特征状态和特征等等.可与系动词构成系表结构可与系动词构成系表结构.Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.My job is to clean the streets.1.My job is _computers.A.to selling B.sell B.C.to sell D.soldC.2.Her hobby is _(play)football.3.I want to make a hotel reservation.(做宾语)接动词不定式作宾语常见的几个动词是want,plan,hope,decide,begin,start.need,wait,would like.hate.refuse.wish.prefer,learn.try.like.agree,fail.be able to do,do ones best to do 等.They decided to try again.The little boy wanted to get to school before 8 oclock.宾语表示主语所做动作的承受者宾语表示主语所做动作的承受者.一般跟在及物一般跟在及物动词后面动词后面.1.My friends want _(book)some tickets to the movie for us.2.My parents decide _(give)me more money.3.He plans _(go)to Beijing for a holiday.4.The boy hopes _(pass)the English exam.5.My little son is able _(read)some words.6.Ill try my best _(help)you.7.She would like _(become)beautiful.4.Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的动词有常见的动词有 tell,ask,want,would like,wish,teach,help,order,invite,get,allow,send,lead 等等.常构成下面的句式：常构成下面的句式：V+sb/sth+to do 其否定形式为：其否定形式为：V+sb/sth not/never+to do(做宾语补足语)She told me not to give the book to him.I asked Paul to carry the box.1.Dont ask Jim _(go)swimming with us,because his mother wont allow him _(do)so.2.Does you mother like you _a doctor?A.being B.to be C.are D.become3.My teacher always tells me _(study)hard.4.I dont want you _(help)me.5.Shed like me _(join)them.6.I wish you _(have)a good time.My best friends teach me _(swim).8.Her boyfriend often invites her _(have)dinner.9.My mother always gets my father _(do)housework.10.I order you _(wash)your hands.5.但使役动词（但使役动词（let.make.have)和感官动词和感官动词(see.watch.look at.hear.feel)的宾补常的宾补常省省to句式如下：句式如下：V.+sb/sth+do 其否定形式为：其否定形式为：V+sb/sth+not/never doHis mother let him not watch TV。He often makes his sister wash his clothes.1.When they went into the park,they saw someone _ Chinese Kongfu.A.plays B.played C.to play D.playing2.Mr.Brown made his students _ the new words again.A.copying B.copy C.to copy D.copied 3.Please let the students_ down.A.sitting B.sat C.sit D.to sit 4.Is Wei Fang good at singing?-Yes,she is.We often hear her _ in her room.A.to sing B.sing C.sings D.singing 5.A strange noise made me_(stop)my work.5.Why dont we have a show to raise money?(做目的状做目的状语语)不定式作状语一般表示目的，原因或结果We are sorry to hear that.Lets stop to have a rest.The orange are too high to reach.She didnt work hard enough to pass the exam.(表原因表原因)(表行为的目的表行为的目的)(表结果表结果)状语在句子中修饰动词状语在句子中修饰动词,形容词形容词,副词或整个句子副词或整个句子.说明动作或状说明动作或状态的特征态的特征.1.She sells flowers_make money.A.made B.make C.to make D.to be made 2.The room is not big enough _.A.to live in B.to be lived in C.to live D.for living 3.Im sorry _ you.A.trouble B.trouble with B.C.to trouble D.trouble aboutC.4.He is too young _(go)to school.6.作定语作定语(后置）后置）1.Do you have anything more_ 要说?2.She has a lot of work _做 every day.3.The old man has a house _ 住.4.She is a nice person_ 共事.to say to doto live into work with例如：例如：他在找一个房间住。他在找一个房间住。无什么可担心的。无什么可担心的。请给我把刀子来切东西。请给我把刀子来切东西。He is looking for a room to live in There is nothing to worry aboutPlease give me a knife to cut with7.动词不定式可以和疑问词构成短语。动词不定式可以和疑问词构成短语。如如：vWe dont know how to use the machine.vCan you show me how to swim.vHe didnt tell me when to leave.1.Joe is teaching Alice_the chair.A.how mend B.how mending C.how to mending D.how to mend2.I dont know what_(do)next.3.Could you tell me when _(have)dinner?8.只能跟只能跟ving 的动词：的动词：vfinish,enjoy,mind,keep(on),practise,feel like(want),be busy doing.give up,look forward to doing,cant help doing,1.I cant help _(cry).2.He didnt finish _(do)homework.3.Would you mind _(close)the window.4.Every day Mary practise _(speak)English.5.Kangkang is busy _(watch)TV now.6.I look forward to _(hear)from you.7.They keep _(play)basketball.8.My sister feels like _(eat)ice cream.9.既可以跟动词不定式既可以跟动词不定式 又可以跟又可以跟Ving 的几组动词的几组动词v而意思无太大区别的：而意思无太大区别的：vlike to do vlike doing vprefer.hate begin start.10.注意注意Stop to do 与与stop doing：vstop to do 指的是：停下其它的事情，去做指的是：停下其它的事情，去做不定式的动作。不定式的动作。We are so tired.Lets stop to have a rest.我们太累了，让我们停下来休息一会儿吧。我们太累了，让我们停下来休息一会儿吧。Stop doing是指停下来正在做的事情。是指停下来正在做的事情。The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.1.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested 2.B.resting C.to rest D.rest2.Its time for class,please stop_(talk)3.He stopped _(say)hello to me when he saw me.4.Its too late,lets stop_(work)5.He stopped_(cry)when seeing his mother.C Ctalkingto sayworkingcryingremember to do 记得要去做记得要去做remember doing 记得曾经做过记得曾经做过 Please remember to bring your book with you tomorrow.I remember bringing my book this morning.forget doing 曾经做过这件事，但后来忘了曾经做过这件事，但后来忘了 forget to do 忘记要做一件事忘记要做一件事（根本没做）（根本没做）vI often forget to turn off the light,but I remember turning it off last night.1.1.Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come tomorrow.2.to bring B.bringing 3.C.to take D.taking4.2.-Do you still remember _ me somewhere in Beijing?5.-Yes,of course.Two years ago.6.to see B.see C.seeing D.saw7.3.Remember _(not be)late next time!11.find it+adj+to do =find(that)it is to do.think itto do =think(that)it is adj+to do sth.I found it easy to learn English.=I found it is easy to learn Enlish.Exercise:I felt it hard _(give)up _(smoke)12.Its time to do sth.Its ones duty to do sthIts ones turn to do sth Take turns to do sth.It takes sb some time to do sthIt costs sb some money to do sth主语主语+adj to do sth 1.It cost me 5 yuan _(buy)the book yesterday.2.It will take him 8 minutes _(get)there.3.We take turns _(clean)the classroom.4.Its already time _(stop)_(discuss)5.Its my duty _(protect)you13.变被动语态变被动语态 make sb do sth.sb be made to do sth.He makes us laugh.We are made to laugh by him see sb do sth.sb be seen to do sth.I often see him play games.He is often seen to play games by me.hear sb do sth.sb be heard to do sth.I always hear my friend sing Engish songs.My friend is always heard to sing English songs1.Yesterday he was seen _(play)computer games.2.Many children are made _ what theyre not interested in.A.do B.doing C.to do D.did3.Someone was heard _(knock)at the door just now.1.1.She needs some paper to _.2.A.write B.write in C.write with D.write on2.Give me a pen _.A.write B.to write C.write with D.to write with3.-Shopping with me?-Sorry.I have a lot of clothes _.A.washed B.wash C.to wash D.to be washed8.在学习不定式中,我们需要注意些什么呢?1.记住基本形式:to do 否定:not to do 2.to do 是非谓语动词,没有人称和数的变化,不能充当谓语.但可以和系动词构成系表结构.如:My dream is to be a doctor.3.使役动词,接to do作宾语补足语时,必须省去to.如:Do you often see him play tennis on the playground?4.充当后置定语时,要特别注意动词的不定式短语中介词要不要省去.如:The old man have no house to live in.