动词不定式的被动语态主动表被动教学文稿.ppt

动词不定式的被动语态主动词不定式的被动语态主动表被动动表被动一、复习各种时态的被动语态一、复习各种时态的被动语态被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构:be+done（以（以the book,publish为例）为例）一般现在一般现在/过去时：过去时：Thebook_.一般一般/过去将来时过去将来时:Thebook_.Thebook_.现在现在/过去进行时：过去进行时：Thebook_.现在现在/过去完成时过去完成时:Thebook_.情态动词：情态动词：Thebook_.is/waspublishedwill/wouldbepublishedis/wasgoingtobepublishedis/wasbeingpublishedhas/hadbeenpublishedcan/could/may/mightbepublished二、动词不定式的被动语态二、动词不定式的被动语态1.动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：1）一般式）一般式（not/never）tobedone2）完成式）完成式（not/never）tohavebeendone（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）2.动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1)做主语（常用做主语（常用it做形式主语）做形式主语）To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous.被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。2)做表语做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening.明年明年,这种新药将在这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by.It is a great honor to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games.The new drug is to be tested out on the 500overweight people next year.3)做宾语做宾语She didnt like to be treated as a child.He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father.这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。The clerk wouldnt like to be laughed at by her customers4)做宾语补足语做宾语补足语Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院。电影院。The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect.5）做定语）做定语 What a victory to be envied by those women!英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。The English are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in London.6）做状语）做状语 All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas.他匆忙赶到订票处（他匆忙赶到订票处（booking office）却被告知）却被告知 所有的票都卖完了。所有的票都卖完了。He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.语态语态时态时态主主动语态动语态被被动语态动语态一般式一般式todotobedone完成式完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进进行式行式tobedoing/完成完成进进行式行式tohavebeendoing/I.根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整。整。1.He wanted the letter _(type)at once.2.It is the first such project _ (design)by Chinese engineers.to be typedto have been designed3.They knew him _(arrest)by the police.5.He said he was _(send)there to attend an important meeting next Friday.to have been arrestedto be sent6.She didnt want her son _(take)away.7.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears _(tell)everything.8.She is busy preparing for the exams _(hold)next month.9.He hurried to the station only _(tell)that the train had left.to be takento have been toldto be heldto have been told3.在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。1)不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名或另一名词词/代词代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,Hehasnothingtoeat.分析：分析：eat动动nothing宾宾/he主主eat谓谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.分析：分析：_动动_宾宾/_主主_谓谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。readabookyoureadTheelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare.比较：比较：Ihavealotofletterstotype.(我有很多信件要打印：我有很多信件要打印：Iwilltypetheletter)Ihavealotofletterstobetyped.(意思为：意思为：Igetsb.totypetheletter)1)IllgotoNewYork.Haveyouanything_(take)toyourwifethere?2)Haveyouanyclothes_(wash),sir?”askedthemaid3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes_(wash)tobetakentobewashedtowash注意：注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式。不定式则必须用被动式。3.在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。2)在在“主语主语+表语（形容词）表语（形容词）todo”中，中，主语也是主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。动宾关系。Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.（分析：（分析：answer(动动)-thisquestion（宾）（宾）注意：注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。Johnisdifficulttodealwith.（分析：（分析：_(动动)-_(宾宾)）如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。这题目很难算出来。dealwithJohnThearmchairiscomfortabletositinThequestionisdifficulttoworkout4.Therebe结构中，用不定式的主动和被结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。动式来修饰主语，区别不大。Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.(多用主动形式多用主动形式)没有什么可担心的。没有什么可担心的。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier_ it more difficult.A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make 2.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects高考题汇集高考题汇集：3.Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented C.having invented 4.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home.A.much too heavy B.too much heavy C.heavy too much D.too heavy much5.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to6.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking7.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing8._late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having sleep 9.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled10.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live.A.to have played B.to play C.to be played D.to be playing 11.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market,many state run companies are trying _their products more competitive.A.to make B.makingC.to have made D.having made12.The teacher asked us_so much noise.A.dont make B.not makeC.not making D.not to makeEXERCISES 1.You had better _ your hair cut.A.had B.have C to get D to have2.We _ put the meeting off for a week.A.can as well B.will as well C.shall as well D.may as well3.He _ live in the country than in the city.A.prefers B.likes to C.had better D.would rather4.The boy told his father that he would rather _ an astronaut.A.become B.to become C.becoming D.became5.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning 6.-I usually go there by train.-Why not _ by boat for a change?A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going 7.He wants to do nothing but _ out.A.to goB.go C.going D.goes 8.Compared with women.men always prefer _ at home rather than _ so much time shopping.A.to finish,to spend B.to finish,spend C.finish,spend D.finish,to spend巩固性练习巩固性练习 1.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning C.to be cleaning D.being cleaned 2.While shopping,people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuade B.to be persuaded C.persuading D.being persuading 3.We agreed _ here,but so far she hasnt turned up yet.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met 4.-You were brave enough to raise the objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _ that.A.to do B.to doing C.to have done D.having done5.Little Tom should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking6.Ive got a terrible headache.I tried _ some medicine,but it didnt help.A.to take B.having taken C.taking D.to have taken 7.-Would you join us tonight?-I _,but I have to prepare for tomorrows test.A.would love so B.would love to C.would love it D.would love 8.I would love _ to the party last night,but I had to finish extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone 9.He let me repeat his instructions _ sure that I understood what was _ after he went away.A.to make,to be done B.making,doing C.to make,to do D.making,to do 10.-You should have thanked her before you left.-I meant _,but when I was leaving,I couldnt find her anywhere.A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing so 11.In some parts of London,missing a bus means _ for another hour.A.waiting B.to wait C.wait D.to be waiting 12.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president felt very happy.A.settled B.steeling C.to settle D.being settled13.-Do let your mother know all the truth.-She appears _ everything.A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been told 14.To fetch water before breakfast seemed to be a rule _.A.to never break B.never to be broken C.never to have broken D.never to be breaking 15.In Australia he made a lot of friends _a very practical knowledge of English.A.get B.getting C.to get D.got练习：练习：1.Sarah,hurryup.Imafraidyouwouldnthavetimeto_beforetheparty.(NMET2004全全国卷国卷I)A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange2.Myadvisorencouraged_asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.(NMET2004北北京京)A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake3.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen_,butImgoingtostudyintheUSAthisSeptember.(2004辽宁辽宁)A.tobeheardB.tobehearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard4.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.Itstimeforusto_ourstudies.(NMET2004辽宁辽宁)A.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover5.Thefluisbelieved_byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(NMET2004上海上海)A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecaused6.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_thefilmstarshadleft.(NMET2004福建福建)A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told7.Itseemsthathehasnopen_.(NMET2003北北京京春春)A.towriteB.towritewithC.writingD.writingwith8.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(NMET2003上海上海春春)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying9.Maryisalwaysthefirststudenttoanswertheteachersquestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.roseD.risen10.Wouldyoubesokindusout?-Withpleasure.A.helpingB.inhelpingC.helpD.astohelp11.Wetumbrellasarenotallowedintothishotelaccordingtotherule.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.taking12.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying13.Attheshopping-centre,hedidntknowwhat_and_withanemptybag.A.tobuy;leaveB.tobebought;leftC.tobuy;leftD.wastobuy;leave14.Shemadeacandle_uslight.A.giveB.gaveC.togiveD.given15.WhereshouldIsendmyform?ThePersonnelOfficeistheplace_.A.forsendingitB.tosendittoC.tosendD.tosendit16.Itsnecessary_someEnglishgrammar.A.forusstudentstolearnB.forwestudentstolearnC.ofusstudentstolearnD.forourstudentslearning17._kindtotheenemyis_crueltothepeople.A.Be;beB.Tobe;tobeC.Tobe;beingD.Being;tobe18.Nomatterhowbusyheis,he_atleast15minutesaday.A.makesarulereadB.makesarulereadingC.makesitarulereadD.makesitaruletoread19.IfMarydoesntcometoworkontime,shemaybefired.Surelysheisnotsofoolish_it.A.asnottorealizeB.notastorealizeC.thatshedidntrealizeD.asnotrealizing20.Ioughtto_himthenews,butIforgottodoso.A.remembertotellB.remembertellingC.haverememberedtotellD.haverememberedtelling21.I_youtheexcitingnews,butyouwerenotathome.A.meanttellingB.meanttotellC.meanttohavingtoldD.meanttotelling22.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident_losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto23.Myfriend,David,wasnotused_byair,sohefeltunwell.A.totravelB.totravelingC.travelinD.travel24.WhenIwentoutithappened_.A.torainB.rainC.toberainingD.raining25.Ifeltitanhonour_tospeakhere.A.askingB.havingaskedC.toaskD.tobeasked 1.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seenExercise B 2.I hurried to the meeting hall,only_ that the meeting had been put off.A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.toldB 3.Do let your mother know all the truth,she appears_ everything.A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been toldD 4.Little Tom should love_ to the theater this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.takingA 5.It is said that plastics can be used to_ many things.Now people are used to_ plastics products.A.make;using B.making;using C.making;use D.make;useA 6.With a lot of problems_,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settledC7.He_ and was made to repeat it.A.didnt understand B.didnt be understood C.wasnt understand D.wasnt understoodD 8.The pupils here_ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks.A.kept busy doing B.keep on doing C.have kept busy doing D.have been kept busy doingD 9.Visitors_ not to touch the exhibits.A.will request B.request C.are requesting D.are requestedD 10.In some parts of the world,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.servedB1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto_(repair).2.Iknewhim_(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired_(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved_(steal)it.berepairedtohavebeencaughttobetakentohavestolen练习练习7.Ihope_(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto_(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence_(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_.(read)13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter_(notdrive)afterdrinking.totranslatetobewelcomedhavebeentranslatedtobeadmittedbereadingnottodrive14.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen_(hear),butImgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.15.Heseems_（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.tohaveheardtohavebeenpunished16.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_(clean).17.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot_(worry)about.18.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter_(post)?19.Youareluckyenough_(notcatch)intherain.tobecleanedtoworry tobepostednottohavebeencaught二、翻译练习二、翻译练习1.据说这会议已经被取消了据说这会议已经被取消了.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。没有可以可以浪费的时间了。5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话她假装没有听懂我说的话.7.我希望被中山大学录取。我希望被中山大学录取。8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。1.据说这会议已经被取消了据说这会议已经被取消了Themeetingissaidtohavebeencancelled.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。Thestudentseemstohavelostinterestinpolitics.3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。Thedisableddontliketobelaughedat.4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。没有可以可以浪费的时间了。Thereisnotimetowaste/bewasted5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸 ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtotheEnglishClub.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。她假装没有听懂我说的话。ShepretendednottounderstandwhatIhadsaid.7.我希望被中山大学录取。我希望被中山大学录取。Ihope/expecttobeadmittedintoZhangshanUniversity8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。Iamsorrytohaveforgottenyourtelephonenumber.Answer key for Exercise 2 on page Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 14:14:1.to be designed2.to be rebuilt3.to be accompanied4.to be known as5.to be filled with6.to be tested out7.to be envied8.to be set asidewere listedbe dividedbe organizedto be accompaniedwere connectedbe surroundedwas attachedAnswer key for Exercise 3 on page Answer key for Exercise 3 on page 15:15:Using structuresUsing structuresAnswer key for exercise 1 on page 56:Answer key for exercise 1 on page 56:1.I did not expect to be interviewed by the general manager.2.The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room(by anybody).3.She hates to be laughed at by her classmates.4.He doesnt want his writing to be interrupted(by the guests)./He doesnt want to be interrupted while writing.5.These rules must be obeyed by everybody as they are for the good of the whole school.6.These are the issues to be discussed tomorrow.7.It is wrong for him to be made to work all night.Answer key for exercise 2 on page 56:Answer key for exercise 2 on page 56:1.The dishes need to be washed.2.The mail needs to be sent right away.3.The singer refused to be photographed.4.The house is to be sold.Answer key for exercise 3 on page 56:Answer key for exercise 3 on page 56:那本关于那本关于那本关于那本关于圣经圣经圣经圣经的书需要在这周末之前还给图书馆。的书需要在这周末之前还给图书馆。的书需要在这周末之前还给图书馆。的书需要在这周末之前还给图书馆。下周末前，这个旧扶手椅将有一个沙发代替。下周末前，这个旧扶手椅将有一个沙发代替。下周末前，这个旧扶手椅将有一个沙发代替。下周末前，这