简单句的基本句型3.ppt
简单句的基本句型（三）简单句的基本句型（三）主语及物动词宾语其他某人做什么及物动词：表示动作或状态，能独立做谓语，但后面需要跟宾语意思才完整的动词。I watch TV every day.She watches TV at the weekend.They are watching TV now.We watched TV yesterday.Tom will watch TV tomorrow.大家有否观察到以上的句子动作都是watch，但为何会有不同形式呢？主语谓语宾语其他（状语）这是因为动作发生的这是因为动作发生的时间时间不同，不同，不同时间发生的动作要用不同的不同时间发生的动作要用不同的时态时态来表示。根据时态不同，动词有来表示。根据时态不同，动词有五五种形式。它们是种形式。它们是动词原形动词原形，统称，统称do形，形，动词第三人称单数动词第三人称单数，统称，统称does形，形，过去过去式式统称统称did形，形，现在分词现在分词统称统称doing，过过去分词式去分词式统称统称done。注意：注意：do,does,did又同时是又同时是助动词助动词。何谓助动词？是那些本身没有独立意何谓助动词？是那些本身没有独立意思，必须和主要动词一起构成谓语，思，必须和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问以及时态和语态等语表示否定、疑问以及时态和语态等语法特征的词。法特征的词。助动词主要有：助动词主要有：be,do,does,did,have,has,shall,will。注意：助动词后加注意：助动词后加not表示否定，把助动词提表示否定，把助动词提前到句首表示疑问。助动词后加动词原形。前到句首表示疑问。助动词后加动词原形。表示经常性或习惯性的动作或主语具备的能力、性格、特征等。常见的时间状语有often，usually，always，sometimes，every day等。主语是第三人称单数时，动词要用第三人称单数形式，主语是 其他人称时，动词用原形。I watch TV every day.She watches TV at the weekend.Tom often goes to school by bus.We like English.时态一、一般现在时结构：主语+do+宾语 主语+does+宾语动词第三人称单数形式变化规则如下：1.一般情况：在词末加s，如：work come，make 等。2.以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i加es，如：fly carry study worry 等3.以s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾，加es，如watch,go do dress wish fix4.特殊:如 have-has,sssiesiesiesiesesesesesesesLets try!根据首字母填空1.The little boy often a_ his parentssome strange questions.2.My grandma l_ TV play and she s_ at home to watch TV.3.My mother l_ reading and she often r_ in the library.4.He w_ to i_ me to his birthday party.sksikestaysoveseadsantsnvite提示：在want to do,would like to do,ask sb to do,invite sb to do 等不定式短语里，do要用原形。1.I watch TV every day.2.We like English.3.She watches TV at the weekend.4.Tom often goes to school by bus.句型转换：变否定、疑问句I _ watch TV every day._you watch TV every day?We _ like English._you like English?She_ watch TV at the weekend._she watch TV at the weekend?Tom_ often _ to school by bus._Tom often _ to school by bus?dontDodontDodoesntDoesDoesdoesntgogo否定句：主语+dont+动原 主语（三单）+doesnt+动原疑问句：Do+主语+动原？Does+主语（三单）+动原？看谓语动词是do形，则用dont构成否定句，用do构成疑问句，如果谓语动词是does形，则用doesnt构成否定句，用does构成疑问句，并后跟动词原形。时态二、正在进行时They are watching TV now.He/She/Tom/My father is watching TV now.I am watching now.结构：主语+be+doing+宾语表示说话时正在发生的动作凡是有助动词的句子变为否定句或疑问句就简单得多了，否定句在be后加not，疑问句将be提前。They are not watching TV now.Are they watching TV now?He is not watching TV now.Is he watching TV now?I am not watching TV now.Are you watching TV now?时态三、一般过去时We watched TV yesterday.They _ TV the day before yesterday.Tom _ TV last Sunday.watchedwatched大家有否留意，动词过去式有没有人称的变化呢？没有结构：主语+动词过去式+宾语时态四、一般将来时Tom will watch TV tomorrow.Tom will not/wont watch TV tomorrow.Will Tom watch TV tomorrow?（will是助动词）结构：主语+will+谓语动词原形+宾语Tom is going to watch TV tomorrow.Tom is not going to watch TV tomorrow.Is Tom going to watch TV tomorrow？(be是助动词）结构：主语+be going to+动词原形+宾语时态五、现在完成时I have already watched TV today.I have not/havent watched TV today yet.Have you watched TV today yet?My father has already watched TV today.My father has not/hasnt watched TV today yet.Has your father watched TV today yet?（have,has也可做助动词）结构：主语+have done+宾语 主语（三单）+has done+宾语有的动词后常常要接不定式当宾语。如：want to do,plan to do,decide to do,would like to do,like to do,love to do,begin to do,start to do,remember to do,forget to do,learn to do,try to do,need to do,hope to do,agree to do,plan to do,offer to do有的动词后常跟动词ing做宾语，如：like doing,hate doing,finish doing,enjoy doing,practice doing,start doing,stop doing,keep doing
