Cet4 —— 翻译.ppt

Cet4 翻译常见考点及重点语法n 例：n Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _（他们至今还没有答案）.to which they still have no answers today./that they havent found answers to.n _（大多数父母所关心的）is providing the best education possible for their children.what most parents are concerned aboutn Youd better take a sweater with you _(以防天气变冷).in case it turn coldnThrough the project,many people have received training and _(决定自己创业)decided to start their own business nThe anti-virus agent was not known _(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)until it was accidentally found by a doctor/until a doctor found it by chance.08.12翻译考点n1.固定搭配考点：这是翻译中的最为核心的考点，也是近几次命题密度最高的知识点，应该引起考生的高度重视。比如说名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为考试的命题重点。n例1：By contrast,American mothers were more likely _(把孩子的成功归因于)natural talent.(大纲样题)。n【考点剖析】这个题目就非常典型。有两个固定搭配考点：1)be likely to do sth;2)oweto/attributeto(把归因于)n2.核心语法考点：这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考点的重现和转移，这一点要引起同学的重视，尽管词汇单选题现在不考了，但是还是不能忽视这部分题目，因为考点是一致的。核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气，其次是时态、被动语态、情态动词、倒装结构等。n例1：The professor required that _(我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.n【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握。Require后面接从句的时候，一定会虚拟语气，语法结构为require that+sb+should+动词原形。n例2：Not only _(他向我收费过高),but he didnt do a good repair job either.(大纲样题)n【考点剖析】本题同样为典型的语法考点。考查了考生对倒装结构这个特殊语法现象的掌握情况。句首的Not only决定了倒装连接，下文用了过去时态，因此，这里需在he之前加did。所以答案应该为did he overcharge me。n3.核心动词以及动词短语的考查。例1：Though a skilled worker,_(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.【考点剖析】本题的重要考点就是考生对“解雇”这个核心动词的翻译。可以表示解雇的有dismiss,discharge,fire等。重点语法1.虚拟语气 虚拟条件句（if）A：条件与现在或将来的事实不符合：if+过去时,主+would+V原 B：条件与过去事实不符合：if+过去完成时，主+would have donenIf we had enough money,we would buy a computer.nIf he knew the facts,he could tell us what to do.nIf you took more exercise,you might feel healthier.nIf I were to ask,would you help me?n If I had left sooner,Id have been on time.n If I had gotten up earlier this morning,I might not have been late.n If he had received the present,he should have thanked her.虚拟语气在从句中的使用虚拟语气在从句中的使用:主主+（should）+V原原主决定、打算、建议、要求、坚持主决定、打算、建议、要求、坚持+（should）+V原原nurge/demand/command/order/ask/require/requestninsist/intend/prefernadvise/recommend/propose/suggest 他们的名词之后他们的名词之后+句子，这句子也要用同样的结构句子，这句子也要用同样的结构 n requirement/advice/proposal/demand/decision/request/suggestion eg:Her suggestion is that they(should)carry on their conversation in French.nits vital/important/essential/appropriate/strange/advisable(明智的)/desirable that+（should）+V原 Its vital that we be present.It is important that this mission not fail.n in case,lest,for fear that+（should）+V原 I put a coat over him in case that he should catch a cold.Wish 的用法：Ved(现在,将来)had done(过去)would V原(有可能实现但可能性 较低的愿望）nI wish we had more money.nI wish that I had never met him.nI wish you wouldnt smoke any more.its(high/about)time that+过：Its high time that we went to bed.would rather(sooner)+Ved(现在、将来)/had done(过去)I would rather you told me the truth.I would rather he hadnt told me about it.as if/though+Ved(现在、将来)/had done(过去)He acts as if he knew you.You sat there as if nothing had happened.时态：n一般过去时：过去某一时间发生的事一般过去时：过去某一时间发生的事 主主+be/V 的过去式：的过去式：He was young at the time.Betty called me this morning.n现在完成时：对现在来说已经发生的事，没有过去现在完成时：对现在来说已经发生的事，没有过去时间：时间：主主+have/has+V 过去分词过去分词 The rain has stopped.n完成进行时：从过去某时起一直持续的动作，也许完成进行时：从过去某时起一直持续的动作，也许刚停止，也许还在进行。刚停止，也许还在进行。主主+have/has been doing I have been waiting for you for an hour.Shes been working all morning.n一般将来时：还未发生的事。主+will do The concert will start in a minute.n将来完成时：在将来一个时间前已经完成的动作：主+will have done Call us after 8 oclock.We will have finished dinner by then.n过去完成时：在过去一个时间前已经完成的动作：主+had done When I got to the station the train had leftn一般现在时:经常性，反复性的动作，现在的状态 主+be 或V(主语为单三V+s/es)My father is retired now.He gets up early.n现在进行时:现在正在发生的动作 主+be+Ving Turn off the radio.Jane is studying.被动语态：n常用时态的被动语态 过去时 主+was/were+done A new library was completed in June.将来时 主+will be+done A new library will be completed next June.现在完成时 主+have/has been+done A new library has been completed.一般现在时 主+am/is/are+done Housework is always done by housewives.现在进行时 主+am/is/are being+done A new library is being built.nCan/must/should/may/have to be done 能够、必须、应该、也许会、必须被做nShould/must/may have been done本应该被做而没有、一定已经被、也许已经被 His request may be refused.I cant find my wallet,it must/may be stolen.Your homework should have been finished last week.n情态动词的被动语态情态动词的用法ncan/must/may/should/have to do/used to do sth.能够、必须、也许/可以、应该、不得不、曾经做nMust/cant/may have done 推测的用法 一定已经做了、不可能已经做了、也许已经做了 He must/cant/may have arrived already.nshould/shouldnt/neednt have done 本应该做而没做、本不该做而做了、本不需要做而做了。You are right,I should have thought of that.倒装句n否定词在居首，部分倒装，如never,little,barely,hardly,scarcely,seldom,not until,not only at no time,under no circumstance,by no means,in no case（决不）,in vain Little did we know of this countrys abundance in natural resources.Under no circumstances should a communist place his personal interest first.Not only did he speak correctly,but he spoke more easily.Hardly(scarcely)when与No soonerthan 的句型nHardly+had sb done+when sb V过去时 Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.Only 放句首+adj/adv/介词短语 Only in this way can our honor be saved.翻译题解题步骤：n首先快速浏览句子，先看英语不看汉语，从而判断划线处所填句子的时态，语态。n 判断除了时态，语态外考察的语法（如虚拟语气）n 判断考的固定搭配(不定式短语、分词短 语），选用合适的动词连接。Exercise:6nI _（原以为自己会被奖励）,but in face I got nothing.nLast year a large amount of money _（花在环境保护上）.nIn view of his good records and work experience I _（毫无保留地向您推荐他）.nThis novel is well received by the readers,and _（据说已经被翻译成了英语）.nThis place _（以其优美的景色给我留下了深刻的印象）,and I wish to go there again.nI _（原以为自己会被奖励）,but in fact I got nothing.had thought that I would be awardednLast year a large amount of money _（花在环境保护上）.was spent on environmental protectionnIn view of his good records and work experience I _（毫无保留地向您推荐他）.recommend him to you without reservationnThis novel is well received by the readers,and _（据说已经被翻译成了英语）.is said to have been translated into EnglishnThis place _（以其优美的景色给我留下了深刻的印象）,and I wish to go there again.impressed me deeply with its beautiful sceneryn _,（无论我们遇到怎样的困难）I am sure we can overcome it.n Though she has bought many clothes,she is always _ （抱怨缺少合适的衣服）.n It is surprising that he _（竟然责骂他的女朋友）in the street.n The actor as well as his assistants _（正在去机场的路上）.n She failed in the math exam again,which has made her _（失去了在数学方面的信心）.7n _,（无论我们遇到怎样的困难）I am sure we can overcome it.no matter what difficulty we may encountern Though she has bought many clothes,she is always _ （抱怨缺少合适的衣服）.complaining about/of lacking suitable clothesn It is surprising that he _（竟然责骂他的女朋友）in the street.should scold his girlfriendn The actor as well as his assistants _（正在去机场的路上）.is on his way to the airportn She failed in the math exam again,which has made her _（失去了在数学方面的信心）.lose her confidence in mathn1.Having spent some time in the city,he had no trouble _.(找到去历史博物馆的路)n2._(为了挣钱供我上学),mother often takes on more work than is good for her.n3.The professor required that _(我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.n4.The more you explain,_(我越糊涂).n5.Though a skilled worker,_(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.n06.687.Having spent some time in the city,he had no trouble _(找到去历史博物馆的路).参考答案：finding the way to the history museum88._(为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.参考答案：In order to support my university studies(to finance my education)89.The professor required that _(我们交研究报告)。参考答案：we hand in our research report(s)90.The more you explain,_(我愈糊涂).参考答案：the more confused I am91.Though a skilled worker,_(他被公司解雇了).参考答案：he was fired by the company1.Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to _(适应不同文化中的生活)2.Since my childhood I have fond that _(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)3.The victim _(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time 4.Some psychologists claim that people_(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)5.The nations population continues to rise _(以每年1200万人的速度)87.Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to _(适应不同文化中的生活)Key:adapt to lives in different cultures/adapt(oneself)to living in different cultures 88.Since my childhood I have found that _(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)Key:nothing is more attractive/appealing to me than reading89.The victim _(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time Key:would have a chance to survive 90.Some psychologists claim that people _(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)Key:might feel lonely when they are away from home/might feel lonely when away from home 91.The nations population continues to rise_(以每年1200万人的速度)Key:at the rate of 12 million people per year/at the speed of 12 million people every year1.The finding of this study failed to _(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内)2.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _（我们可以合作的领域）3.Because of the leg injury,the athlete _(决定退出比赛）4.To make donations or for more information,please_（按以下地址和我们联系）5.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _（如果你方便的话）07.61.The finding of this study failed to _(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内)Key:take peoples sleep quality into account2.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _（我们可以合作的领域）Key:the field(where)we can cooperate/the field in which we can cooperate3.Because of the leg injury,the athlete _(决定退出比赛）Key:decided to quit the match4.To make donations or for more information,please_（按以下地址和我们联系）Key:contact us at the following address5.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _（如果你方便的话）Key:if it is convenient for you/at your convenience1._（多亏了一系列的新发明），doctors can treat this disease Successfully.2.In my sixties,one change I notice is that _（我比以前更容易累了）.3.I am going to purchase this course,_（无论我要作出什么样的牺牲）.4.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _(它更加方便和省时）.5.Many Americans live on credit,and their quality of life _（是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的），not how much they can earn.n07.121._（多亏了一系列的新发明），doctors can treat this disease Successfully.Key:Thanks to/Owing to series of new inventions 2.In my sixties,one change I notice is that _（我比以前更容易累了）.Key:I feel/get tired more easily than before3.I am going to purchase this course,_（无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).Key:no matter what sacrifice I am going to make/whatever sacrifice I will make/no matter how much I would sacrifice4.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _(它更加方便和省时）.Key:it/the former is more convenient and timesaving5.Many Americans live on credit,and their quality of life _（是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的），not how much they can earn.Key:is measured by how much they can borrow1.Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _.（能应用于新技术的开发）2.I cant boot my computer now.Something _（一定出了毛病）with its operating system.3.Leaving ones job,_（无论是什么工作）,is a difficult change,even for those who look forward to retiring.4._（与我成长的地方相比）,this town is more prosperous and exciting.5._（直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill.08.61.Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _.（能应用于新技术的开发）Key:can be applied to the research and development of new technology2.I cant boot my computer now._（一定出了毛病）with its operating system.Key:There must be something wrong/there must be some errors/problems 3.Leaving ones job,_（无论是什么工作）,is a difficult change,even for those who look forward to retiring.Key:no matter what kind it is/whatever it is4._（与我成长的地方相比）,this town is more prosperous and exciting.Key:Compared with the place where I grew up5._（直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill.Key:Not until he had accomplished the taskn8:30-9:00组织考生进入考场，检查考生的准考证组织考生进入考场，检查考生的准考证与学生证（或身份证）。与学生证（或身份证）。n9:00考生停止入场；发试卷、答题卡考生停止入场；发试卷、答题卡1和答题卡和答题卡2；试卷分；试卷分A、B卷，考生不得提前启封；考生填涂卷，考生不得提前启封；考生填涂两张答题卡上的姓名和准考证号。注意只能用两张答题卡上的姓名和准考证号。注意只能用2B铅笔和黑色签字笔。铅笔和黑色签字笔。n9:10考试正式开始，考生做答题卡考试正式开始，考生做答题卡1上的写作部分上的写作部分（只能用黑色签字笔答题）（只能用黑色签字笔答题）n9:40写作部分考试结束，考生启封试卷，开始做写作部分考试结束，考生启封试卷，开始做试卷上的第一部分，即快速阅读理解部分。试卷上的第一部分，即快速阅读理解部分。n9:55收答题卡收答题卡1，考生开始准备听力部分。，考生开始准备听力部分。n10:00听力考试正式开始，时间约是听力考试正式开始，时间约是35分钟。分钟。n听力部分结束后，考生开始做剩下的试题。听力部分结束后，考生开始做剩下的试题。11:20考试结束。考试结束。